Abstract

The European Social Survey (ESS) is an academically-driven multi-country survey, which has been administered in over 30 countries to date. Its three aims are, firstly - to monitor and interpret changing public attitudes and values within Europe and to investigate how they interact with Europe's changing institutions, secondly - to advance and consolidate improved methods of cross-national survey measurement in Europe and beyond, and thirdly - to develop a series of European social indicators, including attitudinal indicators.

In the eighth round, the survey covers 23 countries and employs the most rigorous methodologies. From Round 7 it is funded by the Members, Observers and Guests of ESS European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ESS ERIC) who represent national governments. Participating countries directly fund the central coordination costs of the ESS ERIC, as well the costs of fieldwork and national coordination in their own country.

The survey involves strict random probability sampling, a minimum target response rate of 70% and rigorous translation protocols. The hour-long face-to-face interview includes questions on a variety of core topics repeated from previous rounds of the survey and also two modules developed for Round 8 covering Public Attitudes to Climate Change, Energy Security, and Energy Preferences and Welfare Attitudes in a Changing Europe (the latter is a partial repeat of a module from Round 4).

Geographic coverage

1) European Union countries: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom 2) Non-European Union countries: Iceland, Israel, Norway, Russian Federation, Switzerland

Analysis unit

Individuals

Universe

All persons aged 15 and over, residing within private households, regardless of their nationality, citizenship, language or legal status, in participating countries.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sampling procedure varied by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on how sampling was conducted in each of the 23 countries.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

Austria - structured questionnaires in German Belgium - structured questionnaires in Dutch, French Czech Republic - structured questionnaires in Czech Estonia - structured questionnaires in Estonian, Russian Finland - structured questionnaires in Finnish, Swedish France - structured questionnaires in French Germany - structured questionnaires in German Hungary - structured questionnaires in Hungarian Iceland - structured questionnaires in Icelandic Ireland - structured questionnaires in English (we had produced a localised Polish language survey, but all Polish households participated using English) Israel - structured questionnaires in Hebrew, Arabic and Russian Italy - structured questionnaires in Italian Lithuania - structured questionnaires in Lithuanian and Russian Netherlands - structured questionnaires in Dutch Norway - structured questionnaires in Norwegian Poland - structured questionnaires in Polish Portugal - structured questionnaires in Portuguese Russian Federation - structured questionnaires in Russian Slovenia - structured questionnaires in Slovenian Sweden - structured questionnaires in Swedish Spain - structured questionnaires in Spanish and Catalan Switzerland - structured questionnaires in German/Swiss-German, French, Italian United Kingdom - structured questionnaires in English

Response rate

Response rate varied by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on the response rate in each of the 23 countries.

Abstract

The European Social Survey (ESS) is an academically-driven multi-country survey, which has been administered in over 30 countries to date. Its three aims are, firstly - to monitor and interpret changing public attitudes and values within Europe and to investigate how they interact with Europe's changing institutions, secondly - to advance and consolidate improved methods of cross-national survey measurement in Europe and beyond, and thirdly - to develop a series of European social indicators, including attitudinal indicators.

In the fifth round, the survey covers 28 countries and employs the most rigorous methodologies. During ESS Round 5 Year 1 there was no suitable EC funding vehicle available for ESS coordination. A group of national ESS funders therefore provided funding for the coordination of Round 5 Year 1. These included: UK (Economic and Social Research Council), Germany (Federal Ministry of Education and Research), Sweden (Swedish Research Council), Switzerland (Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)), the Netherlands (Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research), Finland (Academy of Finland, Research Council for Culture and Society), Norway (Research Council of Norway) and Austria (Federal Ministry of Economics and Labor). Supplementary funds are being provided by the European Science Foundation (ESF) for scientific liaison. City University in the UK also made a financial contribution for Year 1 of Round 5 of the ESS.

The survey involves strict random probability sampling, a minimum target response rate of 70% and rigorous translation protocols. The hour-long face-to-face interview includes questions on a variety of core topics repeated from previous rounds of the survey and also two modules developed for Round Five covering Trust in the Police and Courts and Work, Family and Wellbeing (the latter is a partial repeat of a module from round 2).

Geographic coverage

1) European Union countries - Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom. 2) Non-European Union countries: Israel, Norway, Switzerland, Russian Federation, Ukraine.

Analysis unit

Individuals

Universe

All persons aged 15 and over, residents within private households, regardless of their nationality, citizenship, language or legal status, in participating countries.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sampling procedure varied by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on how sampling was conducted in each of the 28 countries.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

Austria - structured questionnaires in German Belgium - structured questionnaires in Dutch, French Bulgaria - structured questionnaires in Bulgarian Croatia - structured questionnaires in Croatian Cyprus - structured questionnaires in Greek Czech Republic - structured questionnaires in Czech Denmark - structured questionnaires in Danish Estonia - structured questionnaires in Estonian, Russian Finland - structured questionnaires in Finnish, Swedish and English France - structured questionnaires in French Germany - structured questionnaires in German Greece - structured questionnaires in Greek Hungary - structured questionnaires in Hungarian Ireland - structured questionnaires in English Israel - structured questionnaires in Hebrew, Arabic, Russian Lithuania - structured questionnaires in Lithuanian and Russian Netherlands - structured questionnaires in Dutch Norway - structured questionnaires in Norwegian, English, German and Swedish Poland - structured questionnaires in Polish Portugal - structured questionnaires in Portuguese Russian Federation - structured questionnaires in Russian Slovakia - structured questionnaires in Slovak, Hungarian Slovenia - structured questionnaires in Slovenian Spain - structured questionnaires in Spanish, Catalan Sweden - structured questionnaires in Swedish Switzerland - structured questionnaires in German/ Swiss-German, French, Italian Ukraine - structured questionnaires in Ukrainian, Russian United Kingdom - structured questionnaires in English

Cleaning operations

Sampling procedure varied slightly by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on how data entry and editing was conducted in each of the 28 countries.

Response rate

Response rate varied by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on the response rate in each of the 28 countries.

Abstract

The European Social Survey (ESS) is an academically-driven multi-country survey, which has been administered in over 30 countries to date. Its three aims are, firstly - to monitor and interpret changing public attitudes and values within Europe and to investigate how they interact with Europe's changing institutions, secondly - to advance and consolidate improved methods of cross-national survey measurement in Europe and beyond, and thirdly - to develop a series of European social indicators, including attitudinal indicators.

In the seventh round, the survey covers 22 countries and employs the most rigorous methodologies. From Round 7 it is funded by the Members, Observers and Guests of ESS European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ESS ERIC) who represent national governments. Participating countries directly fund the central coordination costs of the ESS ERIC, as well the costs of fieldwork and national coordination in their own country.

The survey involves strict random probability sampling, a minimum target response rate of 70% and rigorous translation protocols. The hour-long face-to-face interview includes questions on a variety of core topics repeated from previous rounds of the survey and also two modules developed for Round 7 covering Social Inequalities in Health and their Determinants and Attitudes towards Immigration and their Antecedents (the latter is a partial repeat of a module from round 1).

Geographic coverage

1) European Union countries - Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom. 2) Non-European Union countries: Israel, Norway, Switzerland.

Analysis unit

Individuals

Universe

All persons aged 15 and over, residing within private households, regardless of their nationality, citizenship, language or legal status, in participating countries.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sampling procedure varied by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on how sampling was conducted in each of the 22 countries.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

Austria - structured questionnaires in German Belgium - structured questionnaires in Dutch , French Czech Republic - structured questionnaires in Czech, Slovak (from the respondent's side - exceptional) Denmark - structured questionnaires in Danish Estonia - structured questionnaires in Estonian, Russian Finland - structured questionnaires in Finnish, Swedish, English France - structured questionnaires in French Germany - structured questionnaires in German Hungary - structured questionnaires in Hungarian Ireland - structured questionnaires in English Israel - structured questionnaires in Hebrew, Arabic and Russian Lithuania - structured questionnaires in Lithuanian and Russian Netherlands - structured questionnaires in Dutch Norway - structured questionnaires in Norwegian and English Poland - structured questionnaires in Polish Portugal - structured questionnaires in Portuguese Slovenia - structured questionnaires in Slovenian Spain - structured questionnaires in Spanish and Catalan Sweden - structured questionnaires in Swedish Switzerland - structured questionnaires in German/Swiss-German, French, Italian United Kingdom - structured questionnaires in English

Cleaning operations

Sampling procedure varied slightly by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on how data entry and editing was conducted in each of the 22 countries.

Response rate

Response rate varied by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on the response rate in each of the 22 countries.

Abstract

The European Social Survey (ESS) is an academically-driven multi-country survey, which has been administered in over 30 countries to date. Its three aims are, firstly - to monitor and interpret changing public attitudes and values within Europe and to investigate how they interact with Europe's changing institutions, secondly - to advance and consolidate improved methods of cross-national survey measurement in Europe and beyond, and thirdly - to develop a series of European social indicators, including attitudinal indicators.

In the sixth round, the survey covers 29 countries and employs the most rigorous methodologies. It is funded via the European Commission's 7th Framework Programme, the European Science Foundation and national funding bodies in each country.

The survey involves strict random probability sampling, a minimum target response rate of 70% and rigorous translation protocols. The hour-long face-to-face interview includes questions on a variety of core topics repeated from previous rounds of the survey and also two modules developed for Round Six covering Europeans' Understandings and Evaluations of Democracy and Personal and Social Wellbeing (the latter is a partial repeat of a module from round 3).

Geographic coverage

1) European Union countries - Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom. 2) Non-European Union countries: Albania, Iceland, Israel, Kosovo, Norway, Switzerland, Russian Federation, Ukraine.

Analysis unit

Individuals

Universe

All persons aged 15 and over, resident within private households, regardless of their nationality, citizenship, language or legal status, in participating countries.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sampling procedure varied by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on how sampling was conducted in each of the 29 countries.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

Albania - structured questionnaires in Albanian and Greek (5 interviews). Belgium - structured questionnaires in Dutch, French Bulgaria - structured questionnaires in Bulgarian Cyprus - structured questionnaires in Greek Czech Republic - structured questionnaires in Czech, 2 interviews in Slovak, respondent induced. Denmark - structured questionnaires in Danish Estonia - structured questionnaires in Estonian, Russian Finland - structured questionnaires in Finnish, Swedish, English France - structured questionnaires in French Germany - structured questionnaires in German Hungary - structured questionnaires in Hungarian Iceland - structured questionnaires in Icelandic Ireland - structured questionnaires in English Israel - structured questionnaires in Hebrew, Arabic, Russian Italy - structured questionnaires in Italian Kosovo - structured questionnaires in Albanian, Serbian Lithuania - structured questionnaires in Lithuanian and Russian Netherlands - structured questionnaires in Dutch Norway - structured questionnaires in Norwegian, English (28 interviews), Arabic (1 interview). One interview in Arabic conducted with an interpreter present. Poland - structured questionnaires in Polish Portugal - structured questionnaires in Portuguese Russian Federation - structured questionnaires in Russian Slovakia - structured questionnaires in Slovak, Hungarian Slovenia - structured questionnaires in Slovenian Spain - structured questionnaires in Spanish and Catalan Sweden - structured questionnaires in Swedish Switzerland - structured questionnaires in German/Swiss-German, French, Italian Ukraine - structured questionnaires in Ukrainian, Russian United Kingdom - structured questionnaires in English

Cleaning operations

Sampling procedure varied slightly by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on how data entry and editing was conducted in each of the 29 countries.

Response rate

Response rate varied by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on the response rate in each of the 29 countries.

Abstract

The European Social Survey (ESS) is an academically-driven multi-country survey covering over 20 nations. Its three aims are, firstly - to monitor and interpret changing public attitudes and values within Europe and to investigate how they interact with Europe's changing institutions, secondly - to advance and consolidate improved methods of cross-national survey measurement in Europe and beyond, and thirdly - to develop a series of European social indicators, including attitudinal indicators.

In the second round, the survey covers over 20 nations and employs the most rigorous methodologies. It is funded via the European Commission's 5th Framework Programme, the European Science Foundation, and national funding bodies in each country. It involves strict random probability sampling, a minimum target response rate of 70% and rigorous translation protocols. The hour-long face-to-face interview includes (amongst others) questions on family, work and well-being, health and economic morality.

Geographic coverage

1) European Union countries - Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom. 2) Non-European Union countries - Iceland, Norway, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine.

Analysis unit

Individual

Universe

All persons aged 15 and over, resident within private households, regardless of their nationality, citizenship, language or legal status, in participating countries.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sampling procedure varied by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on how sampling was conducted in each of the 20 countries.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

Austria - structured questionnaires in German Belgium - structured questionnaires in Dutch and French Czech Republic - structured questionnaires in Czech Denmark - structured questionnaires in Danish Estonia - structured questionnaires in Estonian and Russian Finland - structured questionnaires in Finnish and Swedish France - structured questionnaires in French Germany - structured questionnaires in German Greece - structured questionnaires in Greek Hungary - structured questionnaires in Hungarian Iceland - structured questionnaires in Icelandic Ireland - structured questionnaires in English Italy - structured questionnaires in Italian Luxembourg - structured questionnaires in French, German, Luxembourgish, Portuguese, English Netherlands - structured questionnaires in Dutch Norway - structured questionnaires in Norwegian and English Poland - structured questionnaires in Polish Portugal - structured questionnaires in Portuguese Slovakia - structured questionnaires in Slovak and Hungarian Slovenia - structured questionnaires in Slovenian Spain - structured questionnaires in Spanish and Catalan Sweden - structured questionnaires in Swedish Switzerland - structured questionnaires in Swiss German, French, and Italian Turkey - structured questionnaires in Turkish Ukraine - structured questionnaires in Ukrainian and Russian United Kingdom - structured questionnaires in English

Response rate

Response rate varied by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on the response rate in each of the 20 countries.

Abstract

The European Social Survey (ESS) is an academically-driven multi-country survey, which has been administered in over 30 countries to date. Its three aims are, firstly - to monitor and interpret changing public attitudes and values within Europe and to investigate how they interact with Europe's changing institutions, secondly - to advance and consolidate improved methods of cross-national survey measurement in Europe and beyond, and thirdly - to develop a series of European social indicators, including attitudinal indicators.

In the fourth round, the survey covers 31 countries and employs the most rigorous methodologies. It is funded via the European Commission's 6th Framework Programme, the European Science Foundation, and national funding bodies in each country. It involves strict random probability sampling, a minimum target response rate of 70% and rigorous translation protocols. The hour-long face-to-face interview includes questions on a variety of core topics repeated from previous rounds of the survey and also two modules developed for Round Four covering Experiences and Expressions of Ageism and Welfare attitudes in a changing Europe.

Geographic coverage

1) European Union countries - Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom. 2) Non-European Union countries: Israel, Norway, Switzerland, Russian Federation, Turkey, Ukraine.

Analysis unit

Individual

Universe

All persons aged 15 and over, resident within private households, regardless of their nationality, citizenship, language or legal status, in participating countries.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Sampling procedure varied by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on how sampling was conducted in each of the 31 countries.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

Austria - structured questionnaires in German Belgium - structured questionnaires in Dutch and French Bulgaria - structured questionnaires in Bulgarian Croatia - structured questionnaires in Croatian
Cyprus - structured questionnaires in Greek Czech Republic - structured questionnaires in Czech Denmark - structured questionnaires in Danish Estonia - structured questionnaires in Estonian and Russian Finland - structured questionnaires in Finnish and Swedish France - structured questionnaires in French Germany - structured questionnaires in German Greece - structured questionnaires in Greek Hungary - structured questionnaires in Hungarian Ireland - structured questionnaires in English Israel - structured questionnaires in Hebrew, Arabic, and Russian Latvia - structured questionnaires in Latvian and Russian Lithuania - structured questionnaires in Lithuanian and Russian Netherlands - structured questionnaires in Nederlands [Dutch] Norway - structured questionnaires in Norwegian Poland - structured questionnaires in Polish Portugal - structured questionnaires in Portuguese Romania - structured questionnaires in Romanian Russian Federation - structured questionnaires in Russian Slovakia - structured questionnaires in Slovak and Hungarian Slovenia - structured questionnaires in Slovenian Spain - structured questionnaires in Spanish, Catalan, and Galician Sweden - structured questionnaires in Swedish Switzerland - structured questionnaires in Swiss German, French, and Italian Turkey - structured questionnaires in Turkish (in a very limited number of interviews, some Kurdish explanations were given) Ukraine - structured questionnaires in Ukrainian and Russian United Kingdom - structured questionnaires in English

Response rate

Response rate varied by country. Please see the "Documentation Report" available in the 'Documentation' section for detailed information on the response rate in each of the 31 countries.