In 2024, the population density of Vietnam was around 306 people per square kilometer of land area. In that year, Vietnam's total population reached over 100 million. The country is among those with the highest population density in the Asia Pacific region, ranking 11 in 2020. Population density in Vietnam In comparison, Vietnam’s population density is roughly twice as much as China and Indonesia. The average population density in the world is at 59 inhabitants per square kilometer. The largest population within the country can be found in the Red River Delta and the Mekong River Delta. The most populated city is Ho Chi Minh City with roughly nine million inhabitants. Population growth in Vietnam Vietnam’s total population was forecast to surpass 109 million by 2050. Traditionally, Vietnamese families had an average of six children, while today, the birth rate is at two children per woman. This is due to an improving economy and higher living standards. In 2020, the population growth in Vietnam reached 0.90 percent, down from about three percent in the 1960s.

The total population of Vietnam was estimated at about 101.30 million people in 2024. Between 1980 and 2024, the total population rose by approximately 47.12 million people, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. The total population will steadily rise by around 4.68 million people over the period from 2024 to 2030, reflecting a clear upward trend.This indicator describes the total population in the country at hand. This total population of the country consists of all persons falling within the scope of the census.

Key information about Vietnam population

• The Vietnam population reached 101.3 million people in Dec 2024, compared with the previously reported figure of 100.3 million people in Dec 2023
• The data reached an all-time high of 101.3 million people in Dec 2024 and a record low of 25.1 million people in Dec 1955

• In the latest reports, Vietnam Unemployment Rate dropped to 2.2 % in Sep 2024
• Monthly earnings of the Vietnam population was 330.6 USD in Jun 2023
• Vietnam Labour Force Participation Rate increased to 68.1 % in Mar 2022

Vietnam GSO Projection: Population: Var: High: Whole Country data was reported at 112,123.000 Person th in 2049. This records an increase from the previous number of 111,774.000 Person th for 2048. Vietnam GSO Projection: Population: Var: High: Whole Country data is updated yearly, averaging 104,871.000 Person th from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2049, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 112,123.000 Person th in 2049 and a record low of 90,493.000 Person th in 2014. Vietnam GSO Projection: Population: Var: High: Whole Country data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by General Statistics Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.G002: Population: Projection: General Statistics Office.

This dataset is about cities in Vietnam. It has 65 rows. It features 7 columns including country, population, latitude, and longitude.

In 2024, the population of Vietnam reached approximately ***** million, indicating an increase by nearly a million people from the previous year. Vietnam is among the most populated countries in the Asia-Pacific region.

Comprehensive socio-economic dataset for Vietnam including population demographics, economic indicators, geographic data, and social statistics. This dataset covers key metrics such as GDP, population density, area, capital city, and regional classifications.

In 2024, the urban population in Vietnam stood at approximately 39 million people. The six largest urban agglomerations include Hanoi, Hai Phong, Da Nang, Bien Hoa, Ho Chi Minh City, and Can Tho. On the other hand, Ben Tre, Thai Binh, and Bac Giang had the lowest rates of urbanization in the country. Urbanization in Vietnam The rapid urbanization in Vietnam results in a disproportionate population density between its urban and rural areas. For instance, in 2022, Ho Chi Minh City recorded a population density of 4,481 inhabitants per square kilometer, nearly 15 times the country's average population density in the same year. The urban population is consistently increasing due to the country’s economic reforms and infrastructure development, as well as higher living standards. For example, the monthly income per capita in urban areas is nearly half as much as that in rural areas. Nevertheless, the poverty rate in Vietnam has been consistently diminishing each year, roughly at 4.2 percent as of 2022. Urban infrastructure in Vietnam Vietnam has made significant progress in developing its urban infrastructure, especially in major cities like Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. The expansion of highways, seaports, and airports has enhanced domestic and international connectivity, as well as greatly contributed to the country’s logistic industry. For instance, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City are developing a metro system which is expected to be put into operation in 2024. The country has also invested in modern healthcare facilities, schools, and commercial centers. However, challenges such as traffic jams, limited public transportation services, and environmental pollution still require significant efforts to meet the growing demands of the Vietnamese urban population.

This horizontal bar chart displays population (people) by country using the aggregation sum in Vietnam. The data is filtered where the date is 2021. The data is about countries per year.

In 2024, the population living in urban areas in Vietnam accounted for 38.5 percent of the total population. Since the past years, the share of the urban population in the country has been growing steadily year on year.

In 2023, the total population of all ASEAN states amounted to an estimated 619.02 million inhabitants. The ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) member countries are Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. ASEAN opportunity The Association of Southeast Asian Nations was founded by five states (Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Singapore) in 1967 to improve economic and political stability and social progress among the member states. It was originally modelled after the European Union. Nowadays, after accepting more members, their agenda also includes an improvement of cultural and environmental conditions. ASEAN is now an important player on the global stage with numerous alliances and business partners, as well as more contenders wanting to join. The major player in the SouthIndonesia is not only a founding member of ASEAN, it is also its biggest contributor in terms of gross domestic product and is also one of the member states with a positive trade balance. In addition, it has the highest number of inhabitants by far. About a third of all people in the ASEAN live in Indonesia – and it is also one of the most populous countries worldwide. Among the ASEAN members, it is certainly the most powerful one, not just in numbers, but mostly due to its stable and thriving economy.

Vietnam GSO Projection: Population: Var: Low: Whole Country data was reported at 104,669.000 Person th in 2049. This records a decrease from the previous number of 104,671.000 Person th for 2048. Vietnam GSO Projection: Population: Var: Low: Whole Country data is updated yearly, averaging 102,265.000 Person th from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2049, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 104,671.000 Person th in 2048 and a record low of 90,493.000 Person th in 2014. Vietnam GSO Projection: Population: Var: Low: Whole Country data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by General Statistics Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.G002: Population: Projection: General Statistics Office.

This horizontal bar chart displays male population (people) by region using the aggregation sum in Vietnam. The data is filtered where the date is 2021. The data is about countries per year.

Historical dataset showing Vietnam population growth rate by year from 1961 to 2023.

In 2024, the share of the population aged under 15 years in Vietnam was approximately **** percent. The share of the young population aged under 15 years has been decreasing since 2019 while there were more people aged 65 years and above across the country.

Abstract

The 2009 Population and Housing Census was implemented according to Prime Ministerial Decision No. 94/2008/QD-TTg dated 10 July, 2008. This was the fourth population census and the third housing census implemented in Vietnam since the nation was reunified in 1975. The Census aimed to collect basic data on the population and housing for the entire territory of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, to provide data for research and analysis of population and housing developments nationally and for each locality. It responded to information needs for assessing implementation of socio-economic development plans covering the period 2001 to 2010, for developing the socio-economic development plans for 2011 to 2020 and for monitoring performance on Millennium Development Goals of the United Nations to which the Vietnamese Government is committed.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Households Individuals Dwelling

Universe

The 2009 Population and Housing Census enumerated all Vietnamese regularly residing in the territory of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam at the reference point of 0:00 on 01 April, 2009; Vietnamese citizens given permission by the authorities to travel overseas and still within the authorized period; deaths (members of the household) that occurred between the first day of the Lunar Year of the Rat (07 February, 2008) to 31 March, 2009; and residential housing of the population.

Population and housing censuses were implemented simultaneously taking the household as the survey unit. The household could include one individual who eats and resides alone or a group of individuals who eat and reside together. For household with 2 persons and over, its members may or may not share a common budget; or be related by blood or not; or marital or adoptive relationship or not; or in combination of both. The household head was the main respondent. For information of which the head of household was unaware, the enumerator was required to directly interview the survey subject. For information on labour and employment, the enumerator was required to directly interview all respondents aged 15 and older; for questions on births, the enumerator was required to directly interview women in childbearing ages (from 15 to 49 years of age) to determine the responses. For information on housing, the enumerator was required to directly survey the household head and/or combine this with direct observation to determine the information to record in the forms.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

Sample size In the 2009 Population and Housing Census, besides a full enumeration, some indicators were collected in a sample survey. The census sample survey was designed to: (1) expand survey contents; (2) improve survey quality, especially for sensitive and complicated questions; and (3) save on survey costs. To improve the efficiency and reliability of the census sample data, the sample size was 15% of the total population of the country. The sample of the census is a single-stage cluster sample design with stratification and systematic sample selection. Sample selection is implemented in two steps: Step 1, select the strata to determine the sample size for each district. Step 2, independently and systematically select from the sample frame of enumeration areas in each district to determine the specific enumeration areas in the sample.

The sample size of the two census sample surveys in 1989 and 1999 was 5% and 3% respectively, only representative at the provincial level; sample survey indicators covered fertility history of women aged 15-49 years and deaths in the household in the previous 12 months. In the 2009 Census, besides the above two indicators, many other indicators were also included in the census sample survey. The census sample survey provides data representative at the district level. When determining sample size and allocation, the frequency of events was taken into account for various indicators including birth and deaths in the 12 months prior to the survey, and the number of people unemployed in urban areas, etc.; efforts were also made to ensure the ability to compare results between districts within the same province/municipality and between provinces/ municipalities.

Stratification and sample allocation across strata To ensure representativeness of the sample for each district throughout the country and because the population size is not uniform across districts or provinces, the Central Steering Committee decided to allocate the sample directly to 682 out of 684 districts (excluding 2 island districts) throughout the country in 2 steps:

Step 1: Determine the sampling rate f(r) for 3 regions including: - Region 1: including 132 urban districts; - Region 2: including 294 delta and coastal rural districts; - Region 3: including 256 mountainous and island districts.

Step 2: Allocate the sample across districts in each region based on the sampling rates for each region as determined in Step 1 using the inverse sampling allocation method. Through applying to this allocation method, the number of sampling units in each small district is increased adequately to ensure representativeness. The formula used to calculate the sample rate for each district in each region is provided on page 22 of the Census Report (Part1) provided as external resources.

Sampling unit and method The sampling unit is the enumeration area that was ascertained in the step to delimit enumeration areas. The sampling frame is the list of all enumeration areas that was made following the order of the list of administrative units at the commune level within each district. In this way, the whole country has 682 sample frames (682 strata).

The provincial steering committee was responsible for selecting sample enumeration areas using systematic random sampling as follows: Step 1: Take the total of all enumeration areas in the district, divide by the number of enumeration areas needed in the sampleto determine the skip (k), which is calculated with precision up to 1 decimal point. Step 2: Select the first enumeration area (b, with b = k), corresponding to the first enumeration area to be selected. Each successive enumeration area to be selected will correspond to the order number: bi = b + i x k ; here i = 1, 2, 3…. Stopping when the number of enumeration areas needed has been selected.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaires and survey materials were designed and tested three times before final approval.

Cleaning operations

The 2009 Population and Housing Census applied Intelligent Character Recognition technology/scanning technology for direct data entry from census forms to the computer to replace the traditional keyboard data entry that is commonly used in Vietnam at present. This is an advanced technology, and the first time it had been applied in a statistical survey in Vietnam. Preparatory work had to be done carefully and meticulously. Through organization of many workshops and 7 pilot applications with technical and financial assistance from the UNFPA, the new technology was mastered, and the Census Steering Committee Standing Committee approved use of this technology to process the entire results of the 2009 Population and Housing Census. The Government decided to allocate funds through the project on Modernization of the General Statistics Office using World Bank Loan funds to procure the scanning system equipment, software and technical assistance. The successful use of this technology will create a precedent for continued use of scanning technology in other statistical surveys

After checking and coding at the Provincial/municipal steering committee office, (both the complete census and the census sample survey), forms were checked and accepted then transferred for processing to one of three Statistical Computing Centres in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City and Da Nang. Data processing was implemented in only a few locations, following standard procedures and a fixed timeline. The steering committee at each level and processing centres fully implemented their assigned responsibilities, especially the checking, transmitting and maintenance of survey forms in good condition. The Central Steering Committee collaborated with the Statistical Computer Centres to set up a plan for processing and compiling results, setting up tabulation plans, interpreting and synthesizing output tables, and developing options for extrapolating from sample to population estimates.

The General Statistics Office completed the work of developing software applications and training using ReadSoft software (the one used in pilot testing), organized training on network management and training on systems and programs for logic checks and data editing, developed a data processing protocol, integrated these systems and completed data flow management programs. The General Statistics Office collaborated with the contractor, FPT, to develop software applications, train staff, testl the system and complete the programs using the new TIS and E-form software.

Compilation of results was implemented in 2 stages. In stage 1 data were compiled from the Census Sample Survey by the end of October, 2009, and in stage 2, data were compiled from the completed census forms, with work finalized in May 2010.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates from the Census sample survey were affected by two types of error: (1) non-sampling error, and (2) sampling error. Non-sampling error is the result of errors in implementation of data collection and processing such as visiting the

This bar chart displays population (people) by countries yearly using the aggregation sum in Vietnam. The data is filtered where the date is 2021. The data is about countries per year.

Population, capital and GDP data for Vietnam sourced from the World Bank

VN: Population: Total data was reported at 95,540,800.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 94,569,072.000 Person for 2016. VN: Population: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 66,035,555.000 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 95,540,800.000 Person in 2017 and a record low of 32,670,629.000 Person in 1960. VN: Population: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.; ; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.; Sum; Relevance to gender indicator: disaggregating the population composition by gender will help a country in projecting its demand for social services on a gender basis.

Vietnam VN: Population: Female: Aged 15-64 data was reported at 33,496,592.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 33,258,832.000 Person for 2016. Vietnam VN: Population: Female: Aged 15-64 data is updated yearly, averaging 18,965,869.000 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 33,496,592.000 Person in 2017 and a record low of 9,167,274.000 Person in 1960. Vietnam VN: Population: Female: Aged 15-64 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Vietnam – Table VN.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Female population between the ages 15 to 64. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.; ; World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision.; Sum; Relevance to gender indicator: Knowing how many girls, adolescents and women there are in a population helps a country in determining its provision of services.