Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) and Home Office police recorded crime data, by quarterly time periods.

Police recorded crime figures by Police Force Area and Community Safety Partnership areas (which equate in the majority of instances, to local authorities).

The crime rate in Wales was 84 crimes per 1,000 population in 2023/24, compared with 88.8 in the previous year, the highest in the recorded time period.

The crime rate of England and Wales in 2023/24 was ***** crimes per thousand people, when fraud and computer misuse was included and **** when it was excluded. This represents one of the highest crime rates in this time period, and a significant increase when compared to the mid-2010s.

Trends in Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) crime and Home Office police recorded crime for England and Wales, by offence type. Also includes more detailed data on crime such as violence, fraud and anti-social behaviour.

There were approximately 2.01 million violence against the person crime offences recorded by the police in England and Wales in 2023/24, compared with almost 2.11 million offences in 2022/23. The number of recorded violent crime offences in England and Wales has increased considerably in the last decade, with just 634,600 violent crimes recorded in 2013/14. Other types of crime climbing After falling to relatively low levels in the mid-2010s, overall crime in England and Wales has been increasing at a substantial rate. From 62 crimes per 1,000 people in 2013/14, the crime rate shot up to a peak of 93.5 by 2022/23. The sharp uptick in the number of sexual offences recorded by the police accounts for part of this rise, with the number of sexual offences increasing from just over 64,000 in 2013/14 to almost 195,000 in 2022/23. While overall theft crime has gradually fallen in a similar time period, there has been a recent spike in shoplifting offences, with almost 444,000 incidents recorded in 2023/24, compared with 342,200 in 2022/23. Prisons under pressure The increase in violent and sexual crime offences, which typically result in longer sentences for offenders, has added to the problem of overcrowding at prisons in England and Wales. With prisons dangerously close to capacity in 2024, the government even released thousands of prisoners early that September. Prisons in England and Wales are also increasingly violent, for both staff and inmates, with assaults on staff reaching a high of over 2,700 incidents in the third quarter of 2024. Incidences of self-harm have also increased rapidly, from around 5,700 in early 2014 to almost 20,000 ten years later.

This is the tenth report in an annual series combining crimes recorded by the police and interviews from the British Crime Survey (BCS) for the financial year 2010/11. Each source has different strengths and weaknesses but together they provide a more comprehensive picture of crime than could be obtained from either series alone. Additional explanatory notes are available in the User Guide to Home Office Crime Statistics.

Longer term datasets contain https://data.gov.uk/dataset/0e26ee1b-26b7-406e-a3b1-f3481b324977/local-police-recorded-crime-data" class="govuk-link">police recorded crime for police force areas and local authorities

https://data.gov.uk/dataset/ea7a5bd4-4c26-4ea3-b1ff-c5c0dfe9fcfd/crime-in-england-and-wales-2010-11" class="govuk-link">Crimes detected in England & Wales 2010/11 reports on the levels and trends in detections and detection rates in England and Wales.

The last annual crime statistics https://data.gov.uk/dataset/df7e3554-2a62-497a-bbd6-2c3982dba5a5/crime-in-england-and-wales-2009-10" class="govuk-link">Crime in England and Wales 2009/10 was published in July 2010.

See the https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/datasets/crimeinenglandandwalesannualsupplementarytables" class="govuk-link">Crime Survey supplementary tables on the nature of: burglary, vehicle-related theft, bicycle theft, household theft, personal and other theft and vandalism.

This report brings together, for the first time, a range of official statistics on hate crime in England and Wales from across the crime and criminal justice system. It is the third in a series of cross-departmental reports collating information from the Office for National

Data from the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) showing breakdowns of victimisation over time and by various demographic characteristics.

This resource includes the necessary codes to generate a synthetic dataset of all crimes that occurred in each output area in England and Wales in 2011. Counts of violence, property crime and criminal damage can be generated, and three different approaches to counting crime are possible - synthetic data of all crimes, synthetic data of police recorded crimes, synthetic data of survey estimated crimes.

Having generated the crime counts at output area, they can be aggregated to any spatial scale of interest.

Crime counts are synthesised by predicting invidual victimisation propensities using the Crime Survey for England and Wales (2011), then mapping these propensities on to individuals (and households) based on population counts from the UK census.

There is probably no other scientific endeavour more relevant to the field of Criminology than to count crime accurately. Crime estimates are central to policy. They are used in the allocation of police resources, and more generally they are a central theme of political debate with apparent increases in crime serving as an indictment on existing law and order policies. Academics also make regular use of crime statistics in their work, both seeking to understand why some places and people are more prone to crime, and using variations in crime to help explain other social outcomes. And of course, members of the public also refer to this information. For example, historic crime trends are now included on many house-buying websites.

Currently, there are two main ways of estimating the amount of crime: directly using police records of incidents that they are aware of; and approximating crime using victimisation surveys like the Crime Survey for England and Wales, where a sample of people are asked to report any victimisations in the past year. Theoretical work has highlighted a number of sources of potential error in these data, suggesting that both approaches are deficient. However, we currently lack an empirically robust quantification of the difference sources of error in each. Nor do we fully understand the potential impact that these errors might have on the estimates from analyses that makes use of this data, although evidence from other fields suggests that this may be at a minimum substantial.

In this project we will use cutting edge statistical models developed in the fields of epidemiology, biostatistics and survey research to estimate and adjust for problems of measurement error present in police recorded crime and crime survey data. Drawing on data from 2011 to 2019 we will show the extent of systematic bias and random error in these two data sources, and how these errors may have evolved over time. Once the examination of the presence of measurement error in crime data is completed, we will use our findings to generate adjusted counts of crime across England and Wales, providing a unique picture of how different crimes vary across space and time. Finally, we will use these new crime estimates in tandem with 'off the shelf' measurement error adjustment techniques to demonstrate the potential influence that measurement error has on the findings of existing research.

Alongside this rigorous empirical work, we will also engage in a range of capacity building exercises to furnish researchers with the necessary skills to incorporate measurement error adjustments in their own work with crime data.

There were 263,045 crimes recorded in Wales in the 2023/24 reporting year, an increase on the previous year, when there were 275,694 crime offences reported by the police in Wales.

There were 930,398 crimes recorded by the Metropolitan Police in London in 2023/24, the most of any police force area in England and Wales. Greater Manchester Police reported 342,652 crimes, while West Midlands police recorded 328,180, making these police forces the second and third-highest in terms of crime recorded.

Background:
The Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW), previously known as the British Crime Survey (BCS), has been in existence since 1981. The survey traditionally asks a sole randomly selected adult, in a random sample of households, details pertaining to any instances where they, or the household, has been a victim of a crime in the previous 12 months. These are recorded in the victim form data file (VF). A wide range of questions are then asked covering demographics and crime-related subjects such as attitudes to the police and the criminal justice system (CJS). Most of the questionnaire is completed in a face-to-face interview in the respondent's home; these variables are contained within the non-victim form (NVF) data file. Since 2009, the survey has been extended to children aged 10-15 years old; one resident of that age range has also been selected at random from the household and asked about incidents where they have been a victim of crime, and other related topics. The first set of children's data, covering January-December 2009, had experimental status, and is held separately under SN 6601. From 2009-2010, the children's data cover the same period as the adult data and are included with the main dataset. Further information may be found on the ONS Crime Survey for England and Wales web page and for the previous BCS, from the GOV.UK BCS Methodology web page.

Self-completion data:
A series of questions on drinking behaviour, drug use and intimate personal violence (including stalking and sexual victimisation) are administered to adults via a self-completion module which the respondent completes on a laptop computer. Children aged 10-15 years also complete a separate self-completion questionnaire. The questions are contained within the main questionnaire documents, but the data are not available with the main survey; they are available only under Secure Access conditions. Lower-level geographic variables are also available under Secure Access conditions to match to the survey.

History:
Up to 2001, the survey was conducted biennially. From April 2001, interviewing was carried out continually and reported on in financial year cycles and the crime reference period was altered to accommodate this change. The core sample size has increased from around 11,000 in the earlier cycles to over 40,000. Following the National Statistician's Review of Crime Statistics in June 2011 the collation and publication of Crime Statistics moved to the Office for National Statistics (ONS) from 1st April 2012, and the survey changed its name to the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) accordingly.

Scottish data:
The 1982 and 1988 BCS waves were also conducted in Scotland. The England and Wales data for 1982 and 1988 are held at the UKDA under SNs 1869 and 2706, but the Scottish data for these studies are held separately under SNs 4368 and 4599. Since 1993, separate Scottish Crime and Justice Surveys have been conducted, see the series web page for more details.

New methodology for capping the number of incidents from 2017-18
The CSEW datasets available from 2017-18 onward are based upon a new methodology of capping the number of incidents at the 98th percentile. Incidence variables names have remained consistent with previously supplied data but due to the fact they are based on the new 98th percentile cap, and old data sets are not, comparability has been lost with previous years. More information can be found in the 2017-18 User Guide and the article ‘Improving victimisation estimates derived from the Crime Survey for England and Wales’. ONS intend to publish all micro data back to 1981 with incident data based on the 98th percentile cap later in 2019.
Documentation:
Please see the documentation for the main Secure Access CSEW survey held under SN 7280.

Latest edition information:
For the eighth edition (August 2021), the CSEW 2019-20 geographic data have been added to the study.

For the year ending March 2023, 5.7 percent of crime offences resulted in a charge or summons in England and Wales. While this was an improvement when compared with the previous four quarters, it was far lower than in the first quarter of 2015, when 15.5 percent of crimes were solved.

Firearms, knife- and sharp-instrument offences, offences involving a corrosive substance, hospital admissions for assault with sharp objects, fraud, offences flagged as domestic abuse-related, corruption, anti-social behaviour, perceptions, and non-notifiable incidents.

Police recorded crime statistics on the levels and trends in detections and detection rates in England & Wales.

Estimates from Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) on fraud and computer misuse. Also data from Home Office police recorded crime on the number of online offences recorded by the police and Action Fraud figures broken down by police force area.

These tables were formerly known as Experimental tables.

Please note: This set of tables are no longer produced. All content previously released within these tables has, or will be, redistributed among other sets of tables.

With a crime rate of 132.4 per 1,000 people Cleveland, in North East England, had the highest crime rate of all the police force areas in England and Wales in 2023/24. High crime rates are evident in other areas of northern England, such as West Yorkshire and Greater Manchester at 121.7 and 117.7 respectively. In the English capital, London, the crime rate was 105.1 per 1,000 people. The lowest crime rate in England was in the relatively rural areas of Wiltshire in South West England, as well as North Yorkshire. Overall crime on the in England and Wales The number of crimes in England and Wales reached approximately 6.74 million in 2022/23, falling slightly to 6.66 million in 2023/24. Overall crime has been rising steadily across England and Wales for almost a decade, even when adjusted for population rises. In 2022/23, for example, the crime rate in England and Wales was 93.6, the highest since 2006/07. When compared with the rest of the United Kingdom, England and Wales is something of an outlier, as crime rates for Scotland and Northern Ireland have not followed the same trajectory of rising crime. Additionally, there has been a sharp increase in violent crimes and sexual offences since the mid-2010s in England and Wales. While theft offences have generally been falling, the number of shoplifting offences reached a peak of 440,000 in 2023/24. Troubled justice system under pressure Alongside rising crime figures, many indicators also signal that the justice system is getting pushed to breaking point. The percentage of crimes that are solved in England and Wales was just 5.7 percent in 2023, with sexual offences having a clearance rate of just 3.6 percent. Crimes are also taking far longer than usual to pass through the justice system. In 2023, it took an average of 676 days for a crown court case to reach a conclusion from the time of the offence. This is most likely related to the large backlog of cases in crown courts, which reached over 62,200 in 2023. Furthermore, prisons in England and Wales are dangerously overcrowded, with just 1,458 spare prison places available as of June 2024.