Details of Far East and Nepal Prisoner of War single ex-gratia payments

This data collection describes international and civil wars for the years 1816-1992. Part 1, the International Wars file, describes the experience of each interstate member in each war. The unit of analysis is the participant in a particular conflict. When and where each interstate member fought is coded, along with battle and total deaths, pre-war population and armed forces, and whether the member in question initiated the conflict. Each war is characterized as interstate, colonial, or imperial, and major power status and/or central system membership of the warring parties is noted. Part 2, the Civil Wars file, describes when and where fighting took place, whether the war was fought within the boundaries of a major power or central system member, whether there was outside intervention and, if so, whether the intervening state was a major power, on what side they intervened, who won the war, number of battle deaths, total population, and total number of pre-war armed forces.

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World War II Army Enlistment Records contains records from Windham, Vermont, USA by Ancestry.com. U.S., World War II Army Enlistment Records, 1938-1946 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2005. Original data: National Archives and Records Administration. Electronic Army Serial Number Merged File, 1938-1946 [Archival Database]; ARC: 1263923. World War II Army Enlistment Records; Records of the National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 64; National Archives at College Park. College Park, Maryland, U.S.A. - .

Project Summary:The Interstate War Initiation and Termination (I-WIT) data set was created to enable study of macro-historical change in war initiation and termination. I-WIT is based on the Correlates of War (COW) version 4 list of interstate wars, and contains most of the interstate wars in the COW list; those excluded were wars the researchers believe do not meet the COW criteria for interstate wars. For each war, research assistants (RAs) coded a host of variables relating to war initiation and termination, including whether each side issued a declaration of war, the political and military outcomes of the war (which are coded separately), and the nature of any agreement that concluded the war. One argument made in several publications based on these data (also part of a larger book project) is that the proliferation of codified international humanitarian law has created disincentives for states to admit that they are in a state of war. Declaring war or concluding a peace treaty would constitute an admission of being in a state of war. As international humanitarian law has proliferated and changed in character over the past 100 years or so, it has set the costs of compliance – and also the costs of finding a state to be out of compliance – very high. Thus, states avoid declaring war and concluding peace treaties to try to perpetrate a type of legal fiction – that they are not at war – to limit their liability for any violations of the laws of war. Data Abstract: The data cover the period from 1816 to 2007 and span the entire world. Dozens of graduate and undergraduate RAs working between 2004 and 2010 compiled existing data from secondary sources and, when available online, primary sources to code variables listed and described in the coding instrument. RAs were given a coding instrument with a description and rules for coding each variable. Typically, they consulted both secondary and primary sources, although off-site archival sources were not consulted. They filled in a spreadsheet for each war with variable values, and produced a narrative report (henceforward, “narrative”) of 5-10 pages that gave background information on the war and also justified their coding. Each war was assigned to at least two RAs to check for inter-coder reliability. If there was disagreement between the first two RAs, a third RA was brought in to code discrepant variables for that war. Where possible, a 2/3 rule was followed in resolving discrepancies. Remaining discrepancies are addressed in the “discrepancy narrative,” which lists the discrepancies and documents final coding decisions. Files Description: Some sources were scanned (e.g., declarations of war or peace treaties) but for the most part, RAs took notes on their assigned cases and produced their coding and narratives based on these notes. The coding instrument and the discrepancy narrative are included in the data documentation files, and all data files produced – including original codings that were discrepant with later codings – are included in the interest of allowing other researchers to make their own judgments as to the final coding decisions. A companion data set – C-WIT (Civil War Initiation and Termination) – is still under construction and thus not shared at this time.

The War dummies data set provides structured data on organized armed confrontations with Dutch involvement between 1566 and 1812. The data structure and content align with two well-known datasets with modern (i.e. post 1815) conflict data: the Inter-State War Database of the Correlates of War Project and the Georeferenced Event Dataset (GED) of the Uppsala Conflict Data Program. The War dummies data are based on three volumes of the book series Militaire geschiedenis van Nederland (published under the auspices of the Dutch Institute for Military History – NIMH) that cover the early modern period. This curated collection is a rich resource for analyzing early modern (military) history, and enhances the potential for comparative studies with modern warfare datasets.

Comprehensive collection of 8,874+ historical battles with detailed information about participants, outcomes, and locations

The Former Prisoner of War (POW) Statistical Tracking System database is a registry designed to comply with Public Law 97-37, the Former Prisoner of War Benefits Act of 1981. This database contains information about the Medical Evaluation Program for ex-POWs at VA facilities. The program provides a complete medical and psychiatric evaluation of ex-POWs. Only ex-POWs who volunteer to participate in the program are included in this registry. Health examinations are given to ex-POWs at VA facilities. The findings are then recorded on a special coding sheet, VA Form 10-0048a. Quarterly, these code sheets are sent to the Austin Information Technology Center, where they are manually keyed into the database. The main users of this registry are: * The Advisory Committee on Former Prisoners of War * Congress * National Academy of Sciences * Researchers * The National Center for Veteran Analysis and Statistics.

Details of Gurkha Far East and Nepal Prisoner of War single ex-gratia payments

Between 1944–1950, almost eight million expellees arrived in West Germany. We introduce a rich county-level database on the expellees’ socio-economic situation in post-war Germany. The database contains regionally disaggregated information on the number, origin, age, gender, religious denomination and labour force status of expellees. It also records corresponding information on the West German population as a whole, on the pre-war economic and religious structure of host and origin regions, and on war destructions in West Germany. The main data sources are the West German censuses of 1939, 1946, 1950 and 1961. Altogether, the database consists of 18 data tables (in xsls format). We have digitized the data as printed in the statistical sources, adding only an English translation of the table head (along with the original table head in German). Each data table has two tabs: The first tab (named “source”) lists the reference(s) of the printed source, the second (“data”) contains the actual data. Please consult the readme file for an overview of each data table’s content and the paper for additional information.

No description was included in this Dataset collected from the OSF

This is the first attempt to record the Jewish soldiers who became casualties in the numerous Wars between the Habsburg Monarchy and Revolutionary and Napoleonic France. Jewish military service in the Austrian and Austro-Hungarian army from the mid-19th century onwards, especially during the First World War, is well known and documented. By contrast, nothing comparable has been done for the very first Jewish soldiers in modern history. The time has come to set the record straight!

The current database was compiled from the personal records of the War Archive (Kriegsarchiv) of the Austrian State Archives. At that time, the Habsburg army did not publish casualty lists other than mentioning the names of the most senior officers. To find individual Jewish soldiers who became casualties, one must identify serving Jewish soldiers in the regular musters and revision papers. Those found so far can be seen in the database Jewish Soldiers of the Habsburg Army (1788-1820), which should be used in parallel with this one. The current database offers an outtake with a separate list of Jewish soldiers who were killed, wounded, missing in action, or taken prisoner. The first version has 253 entries. These are arranged chronologically based on the date the soldier first became a casualty. The name of the battle or the action shows at the top of the table. Under each such action, up to four sub-categories are given:

1. K/KIA (Killed in Action) – Soldier killed outright in combat. Readers might be surprised how few such cases appear in the database. There are several possible reasons. Firstly, since 1781 the Habsburg manpower reports began to omit the rubric Vor Feind geblieben (left in front of the enemy) denoting soldiers killed in battle. This was part of a broader rationalisation of military records in the early days of Joseph II’s rule. Whichever was the cause of their death, all fatalities were now perceived as irrecoverable manpower wastage. Soldiers who died in service were now simply marked as gestorben. Identifying combat deaths is only possible by looking at monthly reports called Standes- und Diensttabellen. Even then, the number of combat deaths remains extraordinarily low. It appears that the Habsburg army formally recorded a soldier as ‘killed in action’ only if the body was identified. For this to happen, the army had to remain in control of the battlefield – in other words, the battle had to be won. For much of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic period, this was rarely the case on the Austrian side. It appears that most combat deaths in the period landed in the rubric as ‘missing-in-action’.

2. W/WIA (Wounded in Action) – Muster rolls did not record wounds at all. Monthly tables did so very rarely. The latter were intended primarily as financial documents to record the source of the men’s pay. When a soldier entered hospital, his pay was issued from the hospital fund whose accounts were later reimbursed by the man’s regiment. While dates of hospitalisation were meticulously recorded, the cause of hospitalisation was not mentioned. In most cases, identifying wounded soldiers can only be done indirectly. When dozens or hundreds of men from the same unit were hospitalised on the same day directly after a major battle, it can be reasonably assumed that these were combat casualties. A sure way of identifying a wounded soldier was through the medical evaluation papers (Superarbitrierungs-Liste), which were filed for men no longer fit for wartime service. These papers always mentioned combat wounds, as this was a major argument in favour of making the soldier eligible for admission into the invalids. Unfortunately, the survival rate of these documents is variable and the majority simply do not exist. This database employs two categories for wounded soldiers. When medical papers or hospitalisation date allows clear identification, a soldier is entered into the database as a certain case. When broader context allows (such as wartime service and numerous other hospitalisations from the same company on the same day, suggesting a skirmish), such men are entered as probable cases.

3. P/POW (Prisoner of War) – Unlike the previous two rubrics, the Habsburg military records usually mentioned soldiers taken prisoner (Kriegsgefangen/ In Kriegsgefangenschaft gefallen). The reason was again financial. Firstly, returning men had to be issued with backpay. Secondly, from the Third Coalition War onwards, reciprocal wartime prisoner swaps (Cartel) were discontinued, but the system remained in place to ensure that mutual settlement of accounts between two belligerent armies could happen after the war. This is not the only reason why prisoners make the largest single category in our database. For much of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic period, entire Austrian army corps were forced to surrender (for instance in Ulm in 1805). This happened so often that musters from 1806 and 1811 sometimes blankly omitted case of POWs, based on the assumption that nearly every soldier fell prisoner in the previous war. Therefore, for regiments who fought in Germany and Austerlitz in 1805, and in Bavaria and Deutsch-Wagram in 1809, one must also consult the monthly tables.

4. M/MIA (Missing in Action) – Recorded as Vor Feind vermisst or vermisst for short, this category denotes men who were missing when the battle ended. Anything could have happened to them. Some were dead (see rubric one), but others were taken prisoner, were lost, or deserted. The army recorded such missing men for the same reason as prisoners of war – to settle their backpay in future if necessary.

The total for each category of casualties is given at the bottom of the table for every war fought by the Habsburg army from 1792 to 1815. At the right hand side of the table are the grand totals for each category marked in red. At the end of every personal record are fields showing what happened to the soldier after he became a casualty. Wounded could recover or perish in hospital, while the prisoners and the missing could return. The same soldier could appear in the database more than once as he could be taken prisoner, be wounded or go missing several times. Only for those killed in action could the record be closed. For those who survived, the final fate was noted where known: discharge (including sub category), invaliding, desertion, or non-combat death. Men still in service when last mentioned in the documents are noted as ‘serves’. Whether complete or not, a detailed service record for each soldier as as I could reconstruct it from the sources is available in the database Jewish Soldiers of the Habsburg Army (1788-1820).

Integrates early data to give as full a picture as possible of the economic conditions faced by Canadian workers from 1919 to 1945. During the period in question, four censuses provided labour information; in addition, monthly surveys were conducted by the Department of Labour, which gathered employment information from large employers and unemployment statistics from trade unions. The data series run from the start of 1919 to the end of 1944. The first date represents the beginning of monthly unemployment data, and is the earliest reasonable data for back-casting the employment series. The second date was chosen as the final year for two reasons: the Labour Force Survey (LFS) began the following year, and unemployment was essentially zero, owing to wartime conditions.

Comprehensive dataset of 4 War museums in Louisiana, United States as of July, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

and floods killed countless people. Today

Comprehensive dataset of 517 War memorials in United States as of July, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

Connecticut State Archives Archival Record Group (RG) #069:050, Noble (William H. and Henrietta) Pension Applications General William H. Noble and his daughter Henrietta M. Noble, Pension Agents in Bridgeport, assisted veterans and their descendants to secure pensions from the United States Government. The collection includes correspondence and official papers that document their work with veterans of the Civil War and Spanish American War. The files are arranged alphabetically by veteran’s name. The database contains the following information: veteran’s name, rank, pension file application number, date enlisted, date discharged, and military unit. People may request a copy of a file by contacting the staff of the History & Genealogy Unit by telephone (860) 757-6580 or email. When requesting a copy of a record, please include at least the name of the individual, date, and residence. Abbreviations of Connecticut Military Branch of Service: · CLB – Connecticut Light Battery · CVA – Connecticut Volunteer Artillery · CVC – Connecticut Volunteer Cavalry · CVHA – Connecticut Volunteer Heavy Artillery · CVI – Connecticut Volunteer Infantry · CVLB – Connecticut Volunteer Light Battery

U.S., World War I Draft Registration Cards contains records from Montpelier, Washington, Vermont, USA by Registration State: Vermont; Registration County: Washington; Roll: 1984101; Ancestry.com. U.S., World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005. - .

Project WARLUX - Soldiers and their communities in WWII: The impact and legacy of war experiences in Luxembourg is a research project based at the Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C²DH) (University of Luxembourg). The projects focuses on the war experiences of male Luxembourgers born between 1920 and 1927 who were recruited and conscripted into Nazi German services (Reichsarbeitsdienst (RAD) and Wehrmacht) under the Nazi occupation in Luxembourg during the Second World War.

Data Sample

While over 12,000 men and women were affected by the conscription, Project WARLUX focuses on a case study of 304 recruits from Schifflange and their families. In total, the data sample includes around 1200 persons, recruits and their family members.

Origin of the data

The dataset primarily consists of compiled archival documentation, including organizational and official documents, statistics, and standardized fiches and cards. These sources are primarily sourced from the Luxembourgish National Archives and other relevant repositories.

In addition to basic information such as name, birth date, and residence, the (internal) dataset also incorporates military records sourced from German archives. Furthermore, supplementary information related to captivity, repatriation, and compensation was collected in the post-war period. The surveys and statistics conducted by the Luxembourgish state provide valuable insights into the experiences and trajectories of the war-affected generation.

It is important to note that the dataset is a composite of multiple heterogeneous sources, reflecting its diverse origins.

Database

The researchers involved in the WARLUX project opted for the utilization of a relational database, nodegoat.

The WARLUX project adheres to an object-oriented approach, which is reflected in the core functionalities provided by nodegoat. Given the project's specific focus on the war experiences of recruited Luxembourgers within Nazi services such as the Wehrmacht and RAD, the included data model (warlux data model file) represents only a partial depiction of the comprehensive nodegoat environment employed in the WARLUX project. Within this data model, the interconnected objects and their respective sub-objects are presented, with particular emphasis placed on the individual profiles of recruits and their involvement in military service.

As the data can not be published due to restriction, the team provides a pseudonymized dataset as an example of the data structure.

The provided dataset shows the male recruits (and conscripts) of the Case Study Schifflange (born between 1920 and 1927). It includes

• nodegoat ID
• their birthdate
• information on death if it occurred during the war
• whereabout after the war (unknown, missing, KIA, returned etc.)

The dataset also includes references to their recruitment into

• the Wehrmacht and/or the RAD as well as their subsequent activities such as
• being captured as a Prisoner of War (POW)
• serving for the Allied Forces
• desertion, or
• draft evasion (réfractaire).

The access to the WARLUX nodegoat database, on recruits of Schifflange/Luxembourg is restricted due to sensitive data. For further questions please contact warlux@uni.lu

The project is funded by the Fond National de la Recherche Luxembourg (FNR).

Recent scholarship argues that how members of Congress respond to an ongoing war significantly influences the president’s strategic calculations. However, the literature is comparably silent on the factors influencing the public positions members take during the course of a military venture. Accounting for both national and local electoral incentives, we develop a theory positing that partisanship conditions congressional responses to casualties in the aggregate, but that all members respond to casualties in their constituency by increasingly criticizing the war. Analyzing an original database of more than 7,500 content-coded House floor speeches on the Iraq War, we find strong support for both hypotheses. We also find that Democrats from high casualty constituencies were significantly more likely to cast anti-war roll call votes than their peers. Finally, we show that this significant variation in congressional anti-war position-taking strongly correlates with geographic differences in public support for war.