According to a survey conducted in France in 2025, heat pumps and wood or wood pellet stoves represented the most trusted renewable energy installations for domestic heating in the country. The confidence in solar water heaters stood at ** percent.

Lake-supplied hydraulic turbines accounted for the highest hydropower capacity among the EDF Group's owned hydroelectric facilities in France in 2023. Pumped-storage hydropower plants were second, with around ** percent of the total hydropower capacity of the EDF Group in France, which was ** gigawatts in 2022.

This statistic represents the distribution of sales by type of technology in France in 2018. In that year, thermodynamic water heaters represented almost ** percent of sales in France.

Since the second half of 2020, the margin rates of companies in the water, energy and waste sector and those in the transport sector have soared in France. In the second quarter of 2020, the margin of energy providers was just under ** percent, compared to nearly ** percentage points higher at the end of 2022. Meanwhile, the margin rate for transportation companies nearly doubled between the second quarter of 2020 and the third quarter of 2022, although it declined slightly in the following quarter.

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Desalination Market Size 2025-2029

The desalination market size is forecast to increase by USD 10.41 billion, at a CAGR of 8.9% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is driven by the escalating population growth and subsequent surge in demand for consumable water. As water scarcity becomes a pressing issue, desalination emerges as a viable solution to meet the increasing water demands. Additionally, the integration of renewable energy sources in desalination processes is gaining traction, contributing to the market's momentum. However, the high initial investment costs associated with setting up desalination plants pose a significant challenge for market growth. Despite this hurdle, companies can capitalize on the growing demand for water and the trend towards renewable energy integration by developing cost-effective desalination technologies and collaborating with energy providers to optimize the use of renewable power sources. Also, the presence of excess salts and minerals in feedwater sources poses challenges in the desalination process.
By addressing these challenges, market participants can effectively navigate the competitive landscape and capitalize on the opportunities presented by the market.

What will be the Size of the Desalination Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
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Desalination, a critical solution in addressing water scarcity, continues to evolve as market dynamics unfold. The desalination industry encompasses various technologies, including reverse osmosis (RO), thermal desalination, and membrane distillation, among others. Each technology presents unique advantages and challenges in terms of water quality, capital costs, and energy efficiency. Water recovery rate and salt rejection are crucial factors in evaluating desalination plants' performance. RO membranes, a common choice, filter water through semipermeable membranes, rejecting salts and impurities. Thermal desalination processes, such as vapor compression distillation and multi-effect distillation, heat seawater to produce steam, which then condenses into fresh water.

Membrane distillation separates water through temperature difference, minimizing the need for chemicals. Desalination projects face various challenges, including high capital costs, energy consumption, and environmental impact. Integrating desalination with renewable energy sources and improving energy efficiency through energy recovery devices is a significant focus. Pretreatment systems, including intake structures and cleaning agents, are essential for maintaining water quality and minimizing fouling. Desalination applications span municipal and agricultural sectors, particularly in arid regions and coastal communities, where water security is paramount. Mineral composition, total dissolved solids, and brine management are essential considerations for desalination plants. Technological advancements, such as forward osmosis, capacitive deionization, and tubular modules, offer potential solutions to optimize desalination processes and reduce costs.

Remote monitoring and process control systems enable real-time data analytics, ensuring desalination plants operate efficiently and effectively. The market's continuous evolution reflects the industry's commitment to addressing water scarcity and ensuring water security.

How is this Desalination Industry segmented?

The desalination industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Technology

  Membrane
  Thermal


Application

  Municipal
  Industrial
  Others


Source

  Seawater
  Brackish water


Plant Type

  Large Scale
  Medium Scale
  Small Scale
  Mobile/Containerized


Component

  Pumps
  Membranes
  Energy Recovery Devices
  Pre-treatment Systems
  Post-treatment Systems


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    Egypt
    KSA
    Oman
    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America

    Argentina
    Brazil


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Technology Insights

The membrane segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market is driven by the increasing water scarcity in coastal communities and arid regions. Membrane technology, a significant segment of this market, dominates with its ability to provide high water purity and suitability for areas with water stress and limited energy resources. Reverse osmosis (RO), a popular membrane technique, is widely used due to its high salt rejection rate and energy efficiency. Data analytics plays a cru