Bahrain has one of the highest water stress levels in the world. Based on an index that reflects how much water is extracted in relation to the available renewable water supplies, Bahrain was graded five on a scale from zero to five, where five shows the highest level of water stress. Other countries with the highest scores were Cyprus, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, and Qatar.

Chile is one of the countries with the highest water stress levels in the world. Based on an index that reflects how much water is extracted in relation to the available renewable water supplies, Chile was graded 4.47 on a scale from zero to five, where five shows the highest level of water stress. Mexico ranked second among the Latin American and Caribbean countries most exposed to water stress, with four points.

LAC is the most water-rich region in the world by most metrics; however, water resource distribution throughout the region does not correspond demand. To understand water risk throughout the region, this dataset provides population and land area estimates for factors related to water risk, allowing users to explore vulnerability throughout the region to multiple dimensions of water risk. This dataset contains estimates of populations living in areas of water stress and risk in 27 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) at the municipal level. The dataset contains categories of 18 factors related to water risk and 39 indices of water risk and population estimates within each with aggregations possible at the basin, state, country, and regional level. The population data used to generate this dataset were obtained from the WorldPop project 2020 UN-adjusted population projections, while estimates of water stress and risk come from WRI’s Aqueduct 3.0 Water Risk Framework. Municipal administrative boundaries are from the Database of Global Administrative Areas (GADM). For more information on the methodology users are invited to read IADB Technical Note IDB-TN-2411: “Scarcity in the Land of Plenty”, and WRIs “Aqueduct 3.0: Updated Decision-relevant Global Water Risk Indicators”.

India was the country with the highest crop production affected by high water stress in the world in 2024. Approximately *** million metric tons of crop production in India were affected that year.

Overall water risk identifies areas with higher exposure to water-related risks and is an aggregated measure of all selected indicators from the physical quantity, quality and regulatory & reputational risk categories.

Context

In CDP competition's starter notebook, one of the KPI mentioned is shadow water price. The research paper used World Resources Institutes' data on water stress to estimate the shadow price.

Content

This is a geo file, a world map showing water stress by regions.

Acknowledgements

https://www.wri.org/resources/charts-graphs/water-stress-country

Inspiration

Shortage of water is one of the big consequences of climate change. This data reveals at regional level where the risky areas are and how severe is the problem.

The map is compiled for the SOLAW Report: "Sources of water for agriculture". Data are available from AQUASTAT - programme of the Land and Water Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Perhaps the most widespread indicator of water scarcity at country level that can be found in literature is per capita availability of average renewable water resources, using threshold values of 500, 1 000 and 1 700 m3/person per year (Falkenmark and Widstrand, 1992; UN-Water, 2006b). Under this system countries or regions are considered to be facing absolute water scarcity if water availability is < 500 m3 per capita per year, chronic water shortage if water availability is between 500 and 1 000 m3, regular water stress between 1 000 and 1 700 m3, and occasional stress or local stress can occur also at levels above 1 700 m3. This relatively simple approach to measuring water scarcity was primarily based on estimates of the number of people who can reasonably live with a certain unit of water resources (Falkenmark, 1984). This indicator is widely used because it can be easily calculated for every country in the world and for every year, based on long-term average annual water resources data (FAO, 2010a) and available population data (UN, 2009).

Water Scarcity originates from a deficiency of precipitation over an extended period, usually a season or more. This deficiency results in a water shortage for some activity, group, or environmental sector. Different from other hazards in that it develops slowly, sometimes over years, and its onset can be masked by several factors. Water Scarcity can be devastating: water supplies dry up, crops fail to grow, animals die and malnutrition and ill health become widespread. Different types of drought can de distinguished (e.g. Wilhite, 2006): meteorological, hydrological, agricultural and socio-economic droughts. In ThinkHazard! drought hazard refers to hydrological drought, a shortage of river runoff, in relation to the population density. The classification of hazard is based on the likelihood of the hazard exceeding predefined thresholds. The thresholds are based on hazard frequency and intensity and set using expert judgement. A higher hazard classification in ThinkHazard! indicates that there is greater potential for damage or disruption to activities or a project in that region, according to the underlying hazard data.

This dataset contains the percentage of the total pasture area in each country classified as vulnerable to water scarcity (annual run-off is declining and the water shed is defined as water scarce in 2050). Projections of global changes in water scarcity with the current extent of pasture land were combined to identify the potential country level vulnerabilities of pasture land to water scarcity in 2050. The data relate to an analysis of the impact changes in water availability will have on pasture availability in 2050.

Water is essential to the progress of human societies. It is required for a healthy environment and a thriving economy. Food production, electricity generation, and manufacturing, among other things, all depend on it. However, many decision-makers lack the technical expertise to fully understand hydrological information.

In response to growing concerns from the private sector and other actors about water availability, water quality, climate change, and increasing demand, WRI applied the composite index approach as a robust communication tool to translate hydrological data into intuitive indicators of water-related risks.

This dataset updates the Aqueduct™ water risk framework, in which we combine 13 water risk indicators—including quantity, quality, and reputational risks—into a composite overall water risk score.

This database and the Aqueduct tools enable comparison of water-related risks across large geographies to identify regions or assets deserving of closer attention. Aqueduct 3.0 introduces an updated water risk framework and new and improved indicators. It also features different hydrological sub-basins. We introduce indicators based on a new hydrological model that now features (1) integrated water supply and demand, (2) surface water and groundwater modelling, (3) higher spatial resolution, and (4) a monthly time series that enables the provision of monthly scores for selected indicators.

Key elements of Aqueduct, such as overall water risk, cannot be directly measured and therefore are not validated. Aqueduct remains primarily a prioritization tool and should be augmented by local and regional deep dives.

User Guide Includes column descriptors and other metadata regarding the dataset https://github.com/wri/aqueduct30_data_download/blob/master/metadata.md

Source https://www.wri.org/resources/data-sets/aqueduct-global-maps-30-data

About Aqueduct Aqueduct’s tools map water risks such as floods, droughts, and stress, using open-source, peer-reviewed data. Beyond the tools, the Aqueduct team works one-on-one with companies, governments, and research partners to help advance best practices in water resources management and enable sustainable growth in a water-constrained world.

Over the past six years, the Aqueduct tools have reached hundreds of thousands of users across the globe and informed decision-makers in and beyond the water sector. Aqueduct data and insights have been featured in major media outlets including, the Economist, the Guardian, Bloomberg Businessweek, the New York Times and Vox’s Netflix show Explained.

This iteration of Aqueduct represents our most robust look at water risks to date, including more granular data, higher resolution, new indicators, improved tool function and access to underlying hydrological models.

Water withdrawals per capita in Montenegro amount to 3590.74 cubic meters per inhabitant, according to the latest available data from 2022. This is a far higher volume than in many other countries, such as India, where per capita water withdrawals were 533.88 cubic meters as of 2022. Global water withdrawals Countries around the world withdraw huge volumes of water each year from sources such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and groundwater. China has some of the largest annual total water withdrawals across the globe, at 568.48 billion cubic meters in 2022. In comparison, Mexico withdrew almost 90 billion cubic meters of water that same year. Water scarcity Although roughly 70 percent of Earth's surface is covered with water, less than one percent of the planet's total water resources can be classified as accessible freshwater resources. Growing populations, increased demand, and climate change are increasingly putting pressure on these precious resources. This is expected to lead to global water shortages around the world. In the United States, the megadrought in the west has seen water levels of major reservoirs that provide water to millions of people plummet to record lows. To prevent severe droughts in water-stressed areas today and in the future, a more efficient use of water is essential.

This dataset is a supplement to the following publication (please cite that when using the data):

Munia et al. 2020. Future transboundary water stress and its drivers under climate change: a global study. Earth’s future. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001321

Water stress category data

Dataset presents the water stress category in transboundary basins at sub-basin level for different scenarios (see article for details):

• stress_category_Historical.gpkg: stress for years 1980 and 2010

• stress_category_SSP1‐RCP26.gpkg: stress for year 2050, SSP1‐RCP2.6 scenario

• stress_category_SSP1‐RCP45.gpkg: stress for year 2050, SSP1‐RCP4.5 scenario

• stress_category_SSP2‐RCP60.gpkg: stress for year 2050, SSP2‐RCP6.0 scenario

• stress_category_SSP3‐RCP60.gpkg: stress for year 2050, SSP3‐RCP6.0 scenario

Dataset specifications:

Type: geopackage (gpkg)

Spatial extent: -165, 141.5, -54.5, 70.5 (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)

Temporal extent: see above

Projection: long/lat WGS84 (EPSG:4326)

Information: sub-basin name, country, stress level, stress category

Unit: -

Blue Raster and the World Resources Institute (WRI) created the Aqueduct Country and River Basin Rankings map, which shows water stress scores for 180 nations, the world's 100 largest river basins by area, and the 100 most populous river basins. WRI found that "18 river basins face extremely high levels of baseline water stress, meaning that more than 80 percent of the water naturally available to agricultural, domestic, and industrial users is withdrawn annually—leaving businesses, farms, and communities vulnerable to scarcity." Read more about the project and WRI's efforts towards sustainable water management at: http://www.blueraster.com/aqueduct-mapping-water-risk-around-the-globe/

Dataset associated with the paper "Food demand displaced by global refugee migration1
has unequal effects on country-level water stress" to appear in Nature Communications in 2023.

How do countries that share cross-border rivers respond to periods of abnormally low water availability? Existing research concerning water scarcity focuses on how cross-basin differences in absolute availability influence relations between countries. I argue that understanding whether countries react cooperatively or conflictually to within-basin shortages is important. I use the case of two major cross-boundary rivers in the Aral Sea basin of Central Asia to study the effects of within-basin relative scarcity. Employing original data on interactions among the Central Asian countries over the issue of water management, I find an association between, on the one hand, relative water scarcity and, on the other hand, an increased likelihood of both cooperative and conflictual interactions. By showing that relative scarcity affects when cooperative and conflictual events occur, my analysis highlights the fact that absolute scarcity is not the only type of water scarcity that influences international relations on cross-boundary rivers.

The Solomon Islands had the most critically insecure water conditions as of 2023, with a water security score of ** points. This was followed by Eritrea and Sudan, with a respective water security level of ** and ** points. Altogether, ** of the ** countries with critically insecure water conditions were located in the Middle East and Africa. Most of the world's population lives under water-insecure conditions.

Projections of global changes in water scarcity with the current extent of maize, rice, wheat, vegetables, pulses and fruit production commodities were combined to identify the potential country level vulnerabilities of cropland land to water scarcity in 2050. The data relate to an analysis of the impact changes in water availability will have on maize, rice, wheat, vegetables, pulses and fruit production commodities availability in 2050. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/84b3b580-acbf-487d-bf44-c21bc2cf12ee

🌊 Global Water Consumption Dataset - Column Description 💧

📌 About the Dataset:

This dataset provides insights into global water consumption trends, focusing on agriculture, industrial, and household water usage across different countries over multiple years. 🌎

It helps in analyzing water scarcity levels, groundwater depletion rates, and the impact of rainfall on water availability. ☔💦

🗂️ Column Description:

✅ Cleaned Data:

• Duplicate entries for the same Country-Year combination have been removed. 🗑️
• Aggregation was done by taking the mean of numeric values for consistency. 📊

BackgroundThe coexistence of under- and overnutrition is of increasing public health concern in The Gambia. Fruits, vegetables and pulses are essential to healthy and sustainable diets, preventing micronutrient deficiencies and non-communicable diseases, while cereals significantly contribute to energy intake. However, environmental changes are predicted to intensify, reducing future yields of these crops if agricultural productivity and resilience are not improved. The Gambia is highly climate-vulnerable and import-dependent, but the extent of its reliance on other climate-vulnerable countries for its supply of nutritionally important crops is currently unknown.MethodsWe used United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization data, with novel origin-tracing algorithms applied, to analyse The Gambia's supply of cereals, fruits, vegetables and pulses between 1988 and 2018. The climate vulnerability of countries was assessed using Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN) index scores, and projected water stress (2040) assessed using World Resources Institute (WRI) scores. Multilevel generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to identify changes in the overall climate vulnerability and projected water stress of supply.ResultsBetween 1988 and 2018, The Gambia's supply of cereals, fruits, vegetables and pulses diversified, with the proportion domestically produced falling (Cereals: 61.4%–27.7%; Fruits: 93.0%–55.7%; Vegetables: 24.6%–16.3%; Pulses: 100.0%–76.0%). The weighted-average ND-GAIN scores improved (indicating less climate vulnerability) for supply of all crops except cereals, but the weighted-average WRI score for supply deteriorated (indicating increased projected water stress) for all crops except vegetables. When just considering imports, weighted-average ND-GAIN scores deteriorated for fruits and cereals while showing no significant change for other food groups, and the WRI score deteriorated for cereals only.ConclusionsDespite some notable improvements in the environmental vulnerability of The Gambia's supply of nutritionally important crops (particularly vegetables), considerable, and in some cases increasing, proportions of their supply are produced in countries that are vulnerable to climate change and future water stress. This may have implications for the availability, affordability, and hence consumption of these crops in The Gambia, ultimately exacerbating existing nutritional challenges. Exploring the options to strengthen supply resilience—such as altering trade patterns, agricultural techniques and diets—should be prioritized.

Projections of global changes in water scarcity with the current extent of croplands were combined to identify the potential country level vulnerabilities of cropland land to water scarcity in 2050. The data relate to an analysis of the impact changes in water availability will have on cropland availability in 2050. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/1011037f-4f41-41db-ac7a-0d8e9b8bc933