Multiple research and management partners collaboratively developed a multiscale approach for assessing the geomorphic sensitivity of streams and ecological resilience of riparian and meadow ecosystems in upland watersheds of the Great Basin to disturbances and management actions. The approach builds on long-term work by the partners on the responses of these systems to disturbances and management actions. At the core of the assessments is information on past and present watershed and stream channel characteristics, geomorphic and hydrologic processes, and riparian and meadow vegetation. In this report, we describe the approach used to delineate Great Basin mountain ranges and the watersheds within them, and the data that are available for the individual watersheds. We also describe the resulting database and the data sources. Furthermore, we summarize information on the characteristics of the regions and watersheds within the regions and the implications of the assessments for geomorphic sensitivity and ecological resilience. The target audience for this multiscale approach is managers and stakeholders interested in assessing and adaptively managing Great Basin stream systems and riparian and meadow ecosystems. Anyone interested in delineating the mountain ranges and watersheds within the Great Basin or quantifying the characteristics of the watersheds will be interested in this report. For more information, visit: https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/61573Metadata and Downloads

Multiple partners working together developed a multiscale approach for assessing the geomorphic sensitivity of streams and ecological resilience of riparian ecosystems, including meadows, in upland watersheds of the Great Basin to disturbances and management actions. This data publication contains the geospatial data, representative of 2020, resulting from that work. The study area, the Great Basin of North America, includes portions of Nevada, Utah, California, Oregon, and Idaho. Nine shapefiles are included, which provide the seven regions (1) and the mountain ranges (2) identified in the study area, streams within each watershed (3) along with the stream heads (4), longest stream (5), lowest drainage points (6), and the stream head that has the farthest stream distance from the pour point (7), and the valley bottom which is considered the area surrounding the stream that is less than 15 meters above the stream's elevation (8) for each watershed. Also included are the watershed boundaries (9) and additional watershed information related to climate, topography, and wildlife. Also included is an ArcGIS map associated with these shapefiles.The approach builds on long-term work by the research and management partners on the geomorphic sensitivity and ecological resilience of these systems to stressors and disturbances. At the core of the assessments is information on past and present watershed and stream channel characteristics, geomorphic and hydrologic processes, and riparian and meadow vegetation characteristics.

Watershed delineation comparison between the current, USGS method and the ESRI Ready-to-Use Hydrology watershed tool.

ABSTRACT Watershed delineation, drainage network generation and determination of river hydraulic characteristics are important issues in hydrological sciences. In general, this information can be obtained from Digital Elevation Models (DEM) processing within GIS commercial softwares, such as ArcGIS and IDRISI. On the other hand, the use of open source GIS tools has increased significantly, and their advantages include free distribution, continuous development by user communities and full customization for specific requirements. Herein, we present the IPH-Hydro Tools, an open source tool coupled to MapWindow GIS software designed for watershed topology acquisition, including preprocessing steps in hydrological models such as MGB-IPH. In addition, several tests were carried out assessing the performance and applicability of the developed tool, given by a comparison with available GIS packages (ArcGIS, IDRISI, WhiteBox) for similar purposes. The IPH-Hydro Tools provided satisfactory results on tested applications, allowing for better drainage network and less processing time for catchment delineation. Regarding its limitations, the developed tool was incompatible with huge terrain data and showed some difficulties to represent drainage networks in extensive flat areas, which can occur in reservoirs and large rivers.

Watershed delineation in and around the City of Lynchburg. Data courtesy of Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation.

This data set consists of geo-referenced digital data and associated attributes created in accordance with the FGDC Proposal, Version 1.0 - Federal Standards For Delineation of Hydrologic Unit Boundaries 3/01/02 (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov). The hydrologic unit boundaries provide a uniquely identified and uniform method of subdividing large drainage areas. Polygons are attributed with hydrologic unit codes, names, downstream hydrologic unit, flow modifications, and hydrologic unit type for 4th level (8-digit) sub-basin, 5th level (10-digit) watershed, 6th level (12-digit) subwatershed, and acres for subwatershed. An accompanying line shapefile is attributed with the highest hydrologic unit level for each hydrologic unit, linesource, and a metadata reference file.

The watershed data set contains areas of land that contribute runoff and groundwater into a specific stream system. This data set shows the Baltimore County portion of the State-defined Maryland "8-digit" watersheds*. There are 14 major watersheds in Baltimore County. The data was interpreted from Baltimore County's 1953 topographic maps and was delineated at 1:2400 scale.

*These features are not identical to the State-defined Maryland "8-digit" watersheds. The features were refined using 1953 topographic data and a larger delineation scale.

This data is the latest (Version 6) national hydrologic unit (HU) boundaries at levels 1-6 for Virginia developed and maintained by the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation. They have been created in compliance with the most recent published federal standards for delineation of hydrologic units and contain national WBD HU model changes made since that time up to the publication date. The Virginia NWBD schemas include variations from the national WBD schemas. This dataset covers the whole state and is seamless with the WBD products of surrounding states at the time of publication and was developed as part of a seamless hydrologic unit product for the nation at the sixth level to be used for more detailed watershed planning work in the state. This becomes the official statewide sixth level hydrologic unit delineation for Virginia.

Abstract

The dataset was derived by the Bioregional Assessment Programme from multiple source datasets. The source datasets are identified in the Lineage field in this metadata statement. The processes undertaken to produce this derived dataset are described in the History field in this metadata statement.

Nested contributing catchments for selected stream gauges in the Hunter subregion. Generated from the Geoscience Austraila 9 second flow direction grid. Catchments exist as both a geodatabase grid and a shapefile version.

Dataset History

Selected gauge locations were used as pour points to generate contributing catchment areas from the GA 9 second flow direction raster. The catchment delineation was achieved using the ArcGIS 10.1 Spatial Analyst WATERSHED tool from the Hydrology toolbox. Resultant watershed raster was also converted to a shapefile (no generalisation).

Dataset Citation

CSIRO (XXXX) HUN DEM derived catchment boundaries v01. Bioregional Assessment Derived Dataset. Viewed 13 March 2019, http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/8c3d6222-20f9-4a0b-b6af-59a61f5200ca.

Dataset Ancestors

• Derived From SYD ALL Raw Stream Gauge Data BoM v01

• Derived From Hunter Surface Water data v2 20140724

• Derived From Selected streamflow gauges within and near the Hunter subregion

• Derived From SYD ALL Unified Stream Gauge Data v01

• Derived From Hunter Surface Water data extracted 20140718

• Derived From GEODATA 9 second DEM and D8: Digital Elevation Model Version 3 and Flow Direction Grid 2008

• Derived From SSB Hydstra gauges v01

Abstract The dataset was derived by the Bioregional Assessment Programme from the GEODATA 9 second DEM and D8: Digital Elevation Model Version 3 and Flow Direction Grid 2008 dataset. The source dataset is identified in the Lineage field in this metadata statement. The processes undertaken to produce this derived dataset are described in the History field in this metadata statement. Contributing catchments for selected locations in the Hunter subregion. Generated from the Geoscience Austraila 9 second flow direction grid. Catchments exist as both a grid and a shapefile version. The pour points used in the delineation of these catchments are included in the dataset. ## Dataset History Selected locations were used as pour points to generate contributing catchment areas from the GA 9 second flow direction raster. The catchment delineation was achieved using the ArcGIS 10.1 Spatial Analyst WATERSHED tool from the Hydrology toolbox. Resultant watershed raster was also converted to a shapefile (no generalisation). ## Dataset Citation Bioregional Assessment Programme (2015) HUN Greta And Goulburn At Hunter Junction catchments v01. Bioregional Assessment Derived Dataset. Viewed 07 June 2018, http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/d4ed336a-7b68-446e-8f0c-fb670731ef90. ## Dataset Ancestors * Derived From GEODATA 9 second DEM and D8: Digital Elevation Model Version 3 and Flow Direction Grid 2008

This United States Geological Survey (USGS) web map displays the National Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD). It defines the perimeter of drainage areas formed by the terrain and other landscape characteristics. The drainage areas are nested within each other so that a large drainage area (Upper Mississippi River), will be composed of multiple smaller drainage areas like the Wisconsin River. Each of these smaller areas can be further subdivided into subsequently smaller drainage areas.The intent of defining hydrologic units (HU) for the WBD is to establish a base-line drainage boundary framework, accounting for all land and surface areas. The WBD is a comprehensive aggregated collection of HU data consistent with the national criteria for delineation and resolution. Each HU is identified by a unique hydrologic unit code (HUC). This service includes HU boundaries for HUC2 (Hydrologic unit boundary), HUC4 (Region), HUC6 (Subregion), HUC8 (Basin), HUC10 (Sub-basin) and HUC12 (Watershed). Pop-ups include HUC name, HUC code and the states that are included in each HU.More information about the WBD can be found at the WBD information site.Click here for information on the Federal Standards and Procedures for the National Watershed Boundary Dataset.Data for this service can be found here._Other Federal User Community federally focused content that may interest youDepartment of the Interior U.S Geological Survey

Watersheds in Eaton County, Michigan, USA. These watersheds were created using a hydro-enforced 10ft DEM derived from 2010 Lidar in conjunction with ECGIS hydrology vector layers. The watersheds are simply elevation-based and pay no heed to man-made drainage that may run counter-grade. Delineation occurs confluence to confluence along the flowlines and also around lakes that are 4 hectares or larger.

This United States Geological Survey (USGS) web map displays the National Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD). It defines the perimeter of drainage areas formed by the terrain and other landscape characteristics. The drainage areas are nested within each other so that a large drainage area (Upper Mississippi River), will be composed of multiple smaller drainage areas like the Wisconsin River. Each of these smaller areas can be further subdivided into subsequently smaller drainage areas.The intent of defining hydrologic units (HU) for the WBD is to establish a base-line drainage boundary framework, accounting for all land and surface areas. The WBD is a comprehensive aggregated collection of HU data consistent with the national criteria for delineation and resolution. Each HU is identified by a unique hydrologic unit code (HUC). This service includes HU boundaries for HUC2 (Hydrologic unit boundary), HUC4 (Region), HUC6 (Subregion), HUC8 (Basin), HUC10 (Sub-basin) and HUC12 (Watershed). Pop-ups include HUC name, HUC code and the states that are included in each HU.More information about the WBD can be found at the WBD information site.Click here for information on the Federal Standards and Procedures for the National Watershed Boundary Dataset.Data for this service can be found here._Other Federal User Community federally focused content that may interest youDepartment of the Interior U.S Geological Survey

The County’s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System and State Waste Discharge General Permit (NPDES) permit requires that Pierce County maintain mapping data for all known MS4 outfalls and discharge points. The permit requires basin delineation for all tributary conveyances to all known outfalls and discharge points with a 24-inch nominal diameter or larger, or an equivalent cross-sectional area for non-pipe systems.In September 2016, Pierce County Department of Public Works (County) hired Herrera Environmental Consultants (Herrera) to delineate watershed and drainage basin boundaries in GIS to meet the mapping requirements of the current NPDES Phase I Municipal Stormwater Permit. In 2017, Herrera produced an amendment to the original SOW to assist the County with a) conducting a review of 570 existing mapped outfall and discharge points for accuracy and completeness and b)mapping all remaining outfall and discharge points within Pierce County (excluding cities).Herrera has produced a Technical Memorandum documenting all methods and results entitled “Pierce County Drainage Basin and Watershed Delineation Summary Memorandum” (dated December 28, 2017).Please read the metadata (https://matterhorn.piercecountywa.gov/GISmetadata/pdbswm_watersheds_hec.html) for additional information. Any data download constitutes acceptance of the Terms of Use (https://matterhorn.piercecountywa.gov/disclaimer/PierceCountyGISDataTermsofUse.pdf).

This feature layer delineates Source Water Protection Areas (SWPAs) for community and non-community, non-transient public drinking water supplies in New Hampshire. These areas are critical to the protection of drinking water sources and include watershed boundaries for surface water intakes as well as groundwater sources under the direct influence of surface water (GWUDI).SWPAs were delineated using a digital hydrologic unit boundary dataset based on 12-digit Hydrologic Unit Codes (HUC-12), which represent sub-watershed level boundaries. These delineations allow for a more accurate understanding of the land areas that directly contribute to public water sources, enabling targeted management strategies to reduce contamination risk.This dataset supports source water protection planning, permitting, land-use decision-making, and emergency response, and is used by water system operators, municipal planners, regulators, and environmental professionals to protect the integrity of New Hampshire’s drinking water supplies.Key Uses Include:Identifying contributing areas to public water supply sourcesSupporting regulatory review and permittingGuiding land-use and development decisionsAssisting emergency response efforts during contamination eventsPrioritizing protection and conservation effortsAttributes:MASTERID – Unique identifier for the source protection areaSYSTEM_ID – ID of the public water systemALLID – Combined unique identifier for source and systemSOURCE_IDS – List of associated source IDsNAME – Name of the water systemADDRESS – System addressTOWN – Municipality where the system is locatedSYSTEM_ACT – Indicates whether the system is activeSYSTEM_TYP – Type of water system (e.g., community, non-community)SYSTEM_CAT – Category of system based on usage or populationPOPULATION – Estimated population served by the systemDWPA_TYPE – Type of Drinking Water Protection Area (e.g., surface, GWUDI)DWPA_RAD – Radius of delineation used, if applicableShape.STArea() – Calculated area of each polygonShape.STLength() – Calculated perimeter lengthOBJECTID – Unique object ID assigned by the GIS database

USGS delineation: Rivers and Streams. Originally harvested from Inside Idaho (https://insideidaho.org), and clipped to the RCEW watershed. Lauer delineations: Streams were delineated from a 1m DEM derived from the 2014 LiDAR. First, the DEM was prepared for hydrologic processing by smoothing the model with a low-pass filter, filling NODATA holes with FocalStatistics, and filling sinks with the Fill tool. The cleaned DEM was then used to produce flow direction and accumulation maps using their respective tools in ArcMap. The flow accumulation raster was reduced to areas of accumulation greater than 0.1km^2 to avoid delineating small drainages without likely surficial flow. Then stream links and stream order maps were produced from the reduced flow map and converted to polylines using the Stream to Feature tool. Finally, lines were smoothed with a sensitivity of 3m using the PAEK algorithm in the Smooth Line tool.For the stream features, two stream networks were created with differing minimum accumulation areas, 0.1km^2 (this layer) and 1km^2 . The 1km^2 stream network likely has the closest accuracy to consistently flowing streams, but a careful evaluation by researchers more familiar with field work in the area is prudent to eliminate or label intermittent or ephemeral stream segments.

Trace Downstream works with either interactively specified points or by specifying a layer containing points. Trace Downstream has several optional parameters:Point ID Field: A string or integer field that supplies a name or ID to each point.Source Database: Available source databases include US30m National Elevation Dataset (NED) for the continental United States (US Geological Survey, 2010-2011), US10m National Elevation Dataset (NED) for Hawaii, American Samoa, Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands, and the 90m HydroSHEDS for the world between 60 degrees North and 56 degrees South, plus some areas in Canada and Alaska north of 60 degrees. Please refer to the locator map for detailed information about available areas. Additional areas and resolutions will be available in the future.Input Features: The maximum number of input features is 100.Esri processed the source data to derive additional layers required to support high performance and scalable watershed delineation and downstream trace tasks. The source data were the same elevation, Hydrologic Unit boundaries, streams and waterbodies that were used by the Environmental Protection Agency and US Geological Survey to produce NHDPlus V2.1. Sinks were filled unless they fell within a Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD) closed basin, ensuring that flow will only terminate in endorheic regions. The Esri hydroconditioning process differs from the NHDPlus V2.1 process; therefore the resulting watershed delineations and downstream traces do not always match those from NHDPlus V2.1. To learn more, read the developer documentation for Trace Downstream.

Layers in this composition were delineated based on the ArcHydro extension. The hydrologically correct ALOS PALSAR digital terrain model was used (cell size = 12,5m). Process of watershed delineation can be burdened with a certain degree of uncertainty, which is determined by the accuracy of the DEM. Due to the great dynamics of erosion processes, the DEM is rapidly becoming obsolete. The size of the grid cell can also play a significant negative role. However, it is still the most accurate digital elevation model that covers the entire area of interest.

The Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD) is a comprehensive aggregated collection of hydrologic unit data consistent with the national criteria for delineation and resolution. It defines the areal extent of surface water drainage to a point except in coastal or lake front areas where there could be multiple outlets as stated by the "Federal Standards and Procedures for the National Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD)" “Standard” (http://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11/a3/). Watershed boundaries are determined solely upon science-based hydrologic principles, not favoring any administrative boundaries or special projects, nor particular program or agency. This dataset represents the hydrologic unit boundaries to the 12-digit (6th level) for the entire United States. Some areas may also include additional subdivisions representing the 14- and 16-digit hydrologic unit (HU). At a minimum, the HUs are delineated at 1:24,000-scale in the conterminous United States, 1:25,000-scale in Hawaii, Pacific basin and the Caribbean, and 1:63,360-scale in Alaska, meeting the National Map Accuracy Standards (NMAS). Higher resolution boundaries are being developed where partners and data exist and will be incorporated back into the WBD. WBD data are delivered as a dataset of polygons and corresponding lines that define the boundary of the polygon. WBD polygon attributes include hydrologic unit codes (HUC), size (in the form of acres and square kilometers), name, downstream hydrologic unit code, type of watershed, non-contributing areas, and flow modifications. The HUC describes where the unit is in the country and the level of the unit. WBD line attributes contain the highest level of hydrologic unit for each boundary, line source information and flow modifications.