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Total wealth is the sum of the four components of wealth and is therefore net of all liabilities.
At the turn of the twentieth century, the wealthiest one percent of people in the United Kingdom controlled 71 percent of net personal wealth, while the top ten percent controlled 93 percent. The share of wealth controlled by the rich in the United Kingdom fell throughout the twentieth century, and by 1990 the richest one percent controlled 16 percent of wealth, and the richest ten percent just over half of it.
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The values of any financial assets held including both formal investments, such as bank or building society current or saving accounts, investment vehicles such as Individual Savings Accounts, endowments, stocks and shares, and informal savings.
The overall wealth of households in the United Kingdom was 13.5 trillion British pounds in the period between 2020 and 2022. Of this overall wealth, the top ten percent of households had over 5.5 trillion pounds of wealth, compared with 13.9 billion owned by the lowest wealth decile.
“Identified wealth” is the wealth represented by estates passing on death each year and requiring a grant of representation, grossed up to reflect the living population using mortality rates. Not all estates require a grant of representation, and hence the figures given in this table do not represent the entire population. The “identified wealth” population for 2014 to 2016 was 27% (14.072 million) of the average UK adult population.
The Wealth and Assets Survey (WAS) is a longitudinal survey, which aims to address gaps identified in data about the economic well-being of households by gathering information on level of assets, savings and debt; saving for retirement; how wealth is distributed among households or individuals; and factors that affect financial planning. Private households in Great Britain were sampled for the survey (meaning that people in residential institutions, such as retirement homes, nursing homes, prisons, barracks or university halls of residence, and also homeless people were not included).
The WAS commenced in July 2006, with a first wave of interviews carried out over two years, to June 2008. Interviews were achieved with 30,595 households at Wave 1. Those households were approached again for a Wave 2 interview between July 2008 and June 2010, and 20,170 households took part. Wave 3 covered July 2010 - June 2012, Wave 4 covered July 2012 - June 2014 and Wave 5 covered July 2014 - June 2016. Revisions to previous waves' data mean that small differences may occur between originally published estimates and estimates from the datasets held by the UK Data Service. Data are revised on a wave by wave basis, as a result of backwards imputation from the current wave's data. These revisions are due to improvements in the imputation methodology.
Note from the WAS team - November 2023:
“The Office for National Statistics has identified a very small number of outlier cases present in the seventh round of the Wealth and Assets Survey covering the period April 2018 to March 2020. Our current approach is to treat cases where we have reasonable evidence to suggest the values provided for specific variables are outliers. This approach did not occur for two individuals for several variables involved in the estimation of their pension wealth. While we estimate any impacts are very small overall and median pension wealth and median total wealth estimates are unaffected, this will affect the accuracy of the breakdowns of the pension wealth within the wealthiest decile, and data derived from them. We are urging caution in the interpretation of more detailed estimates.”
Survey Periodicity - "Waves" to "Rounds"
Due to the survey periodicity moving from “Waves” (July, ending in June two years later) to “Rounds” (April, ending in March two years later), interviews using the ‘Wave 6’ questionnaire started in July 2016 and were conducted for 21 months, finishing in March 2018. Data for round 6 covers the period April 2016 to March 2018. This comprises of the last three months of Wave 5 (April to June 2016) and 21 months of Wave 6 (July 2016 to March 2018). Round 5 and Round 6 datasets are based on a mixture of original wave-based datasets. Each wave of the survey has a unique questionnaire and therefore each of these round-based datasets are based on two questionnaires. While there may be some changes in the questionnaires, the derived variables for the key wealth estimates have not changed over this period. The aim is to collect the same data, though in some cases the exact questions asked may differ slightly. Detailed information on Moving the Wealth and Assets Survey onto a financial years’ basis was published on the ONS website in July 2019.
A Secure Access version of the WAS, subject to more stringent access conditions, is available under SN 6709; it contains more detailed geographic variables than the EUL version. Users are advised to download the EUL version first (SN 7215) to see if it is suitable for their needs, before considering making an application for the Secure Access version.
Further information and documentation may be found on the ONS "https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/nationalaccounts/uksectoraccounts/methodologies/wealthandassetssurveywas" title="Wealth and Assets Survey"> Wealth and Assets Survey webpage. Users are advised to the check the page for updates before commencing analysis.
Occupation data for 2021 and 2022 data files
The ONS have identified an issue with the collection of some occupational data in 2021 and 2022 data files in a number of their surveys. While they estimate any impacts will be small overall, this will affect the accuracy of the breakdowns of some detailed (four-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)) occupations, and data derived from them. None of ONS' headline statistics, other than those directly sourced from occupational data, are affected and you can continue to rely on their accuracy. For further information on this issue, please see: https://www.ons.gov.uk/news/statementsandletters/occupationaldatainonssurveys.
The data dictionary for round 8 person file is not available.
Latest edition information
For the 20th edition (May 2025), the Round 8 data files were updated to include variables personr7, nounitsr8 and porage1tar8, and derived binary versions of multi-choice questions, their collected equivalents and imputed binary versions of these variables. Also, variables that were only collected for part of the round have been removed. Additional documentation for Round 8 was also added to the study, including an updated variable list and derived variable specifications.
This statistic presents the wealth distribution among households in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018. Approximately 44.6 percent adults in the United Kingdom found themselves in the bracket of between 100 thousand and one million U.S. dollars as their household private wealth.
Open Government Licence 3.0http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
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Households that have liquidity problems and solvency problems only
Open Government Licence 3.0http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
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Data on household wealth in Great Britain by ethnic group. Includes total, property, financial, physical and private pension wealth by age, region, household composition and housing tenure.
Official statistics are produced impartially and free from political influence.
Official statistics are produced impartially and free from political influence.
This document presents DWP estimates of the numbers of individuals by age group with different levels of private pension, gross financial and property wealth in Great Britain. It is based on data collected in 2006-2008.
With increased regulatory complexity, increasing scope of financial assets, and a move to online investment platforms, UK wealth services face new challenges and opportunities. To help the industry to increase efficiency and to achieve more with the existing infrastructure and data, SIX has curated a solution for the UK wealth management sector. The bespoke file combines high quality security master, key corporate actions, pricing, regulations and UK tax data in a simple format for efficient processing.
Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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Three datasets, all carried out by YouGov and the WEALTHPOL team, are included. The first was conducted in Summer 2021, the second in Summer 2022, and the third in October 2022. CSVs, codebooks, and data construction files are included (note the latter include references to other files but show the coding).
In the 2022/23 financial year, various measures of inequality in the United Kingdom decreased when compared with 2021/22. The S80/20 ratio fell from 6.3 to 5.5, the P90/10 ratio from 4.5 to 4.2, and the Palma ratio between 1.5 and 1.3.
Open Government Licence 3.0http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
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Individual-level estimates of total wealth (July 2010 to March 2020) and regression estimates for the latest survey period.
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A combined analysis of income and wealth based upon results from the third wave of the Wealth and Assets Survey and covering the period 2010-12.
Source agency: Office for National Statistics
Designation: National Statistics
Language: English
Alternative title: Wealth in Great Britain Wave 3
As of 2025, the GDP per capita or gross domestic product per person was almost 54,280 U.S. dollars per person. The GDP per capita is derived from the country's total GDP divided by the population. The average or mean wealth per person in the United Kingdom (UK) was higher than the median or middle value of wealth per person living in the UK.
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Open Government Licence 3.0http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
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Main results from the Wealth and Assets Survey incorporating results from the second wave of the survey.
Source agency: Office for National Statistics
Designation: National Statistics
Language: English
Alternative title: Wealth and Assets Survey Wave 2
Open Government Licence 3.0http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
License information was derived automatically
Total wealth is the sum of the four components of wealth and is therefore net of all liabilities.