This report provides a comprehensive analysis of Pasifika communities in Australia based on the 2021 Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census. The Australian Pasifika Educators Network (APEN) define 'Pasifika' as peoples and communities, who are genealogically, spiritually, and culturally connected to the lands, the skies and seas of the Pasifika region (including Aotearoa, New Zealand), and who have chosen to settle in and call Australia home. This analysis seeks to track key trends that have emerged since the 2015 Pacific Communities report published by Professor Jioji Ravulo based on the 2011 Census. In accordance with the intent of the original report, this current version seeks to provide an understanding of the current demographic, and socioeconomic experiences of Pasifika communities with a particular focus on education. This analysis covers population, education levels, employment patterns, as well as family and household characteristics to not only shed light on the unique circumstances faced by Pasifika communities, but also track key trends over the last decade. In addition, an examination of the Western Sydney region has been included, highlighting the significance of place-based insights on Pasifika communities towards informing policy responses and initiatives. Dataset: OVERVIEW This report compiles data from the 2021 Census of Population and Housing conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). This document provides the second iteration on the human geography of Pasifika peoples within an Australian context,10 aimed at gathering greater insight into Pasifika communities, as well as comparing and tracing key trends through various datapoints. In addition, this report provides a spotlight on Pasifika communities in Western Sydney, where nearly 20% of the nation’s Pasifika population currently resides.

The most popular activity of domestic overnight tourists to Western Sydney, Australia in the year ended December 2022 was dining out at restaurants and cafes, with just over ** percent of visitors indicating this. Visiting friends and relatives came in second in terms of popular activities of domestic overnight visitors.

Visitors aged 60 years and older accounted for the largest share of domestic day trip visitors to Western Sydney, Australia in the year ended December 2022, at around ** percent of total domestic day visitors. 15 to 29 year olds were the next most prevalent age group of domestic day trip tourists to Western Sydney that year.

This dataset comprises responses from a brief survey on levels and perceptions of physical activity, and attitudes and preparedness for physical activity counselling. A total of 78 first year medical students completed the survey in July 2016 during a problem-based learning (PBL) tutorial, a compulsory unit for all medical students.

The 25 question survey included demographic questions (age and sex), short answer questions relating to the individual’s own physical activity habits and Likert scale questions, where students rated their agreement with a number of statements related to physical activity behaviours, perceptions, and purpose. Participants also responded to Likert scale questions relating to their confidence and preparedness for counselling. This survey, which formed part of a larger study examining stress and physical activity levels in university students, was approved by the Western Sydney University Human Research Ethics Committee (approval number H10384).

To discuss the data contact Emma George E.George@westernsydney.edu.au ORCID 0000-0001-9936-1911

Visitors aged 15 to 29 years old accounted for the largest share of domestic overnight visitors to Western Sydney, Australia in the year ended December 2022, at around ** percent of total domestic overnight visitors. Those 60 years and over were the next most prevalent age group of domestic overnight tourists to Western Sydney that year.

Map of koala movement corridors and priority restoration areas in a study area in south-western Sydney. Koala movement corridors are classified as primary, secondary and tertiary according to the level of connectivity of core koala habitat which are critical for the long-term viability of the regional koala population in the study area. Koala corridor categories also consider corridor dimensions such as minimum widths. Koala corridors are likely to extend outside of the study area. They are named, largely by geographic area or river/creek catchment. The mapping, along with key koala conservation principles, form the basis of advice by the Department of Planning, Industry and Environment related to the conservation of the regional koala population extending from Holsworthy and Moorebank, through Campbelltown and Wollondilly, to Wingecarribee. For further information on the data layer and its development, please see Conserving koalas in Wollondilly and Campbelltown Local Government Areas. Also available for download from Data and resources below.

This dataset describes the longer-term impacts of the COVID-19 lockdown on eating patterns, physical activity, body weight and food security among adults living in Western Sydney. Data were collected after lockdown across two periods (May-August 2022 and January-February 2023) from five Local Government Areas, including Cumberland, Fairfield, Liverpool, Blacktown and Canterbury-Bankstown, which experienced more stringent lockdown rules and regulations. 548 adults aged 18 years or more participated in the study in total. Quantitative data were retrieved from 523 participants through an online survey administered through Qualtrics and ASA-24 (a dietary assessment tool). The dietary intake data were measured using ASA-24. Physical activity was assessed with items from the National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey. Food security was assessed using the six-item USDA Household Food Security Survey Module. Body weight and body height were self-reported. Qualitative data was collected through focus group discussions involving 54 participants, exploring perceived changes in diet, physical activity, body weight and food security across the lockdown and post-lockdown periods. This mixed-methods design provides a comprehensive view of the behavioural and health impacts of the COVID-19 lockdown. The dataset supports the thesis ‘Snapshots of eating patterns, physical activity, body weight and food security in Western Sydney post COVID-19 lockdown’ and offers a resource for future research on nutrition, physical activity and food security policy in socio-economically diverse populations. This dataset contains de-identified survey data exported from online surveys. It includes participant demographics (age, gender, country of birth and area of residence), as well as self-reported information on physical activity and food security snapshots collected post-lockdown. The dataset is provided in Excel format. Cross-sectional dietary data collected using ASA-24 Australia (2016) are also included. This dataset contains de-identified dietary intake data provided in Excel format. It includes participant ID alongside energy and nutrient intake variables such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, sugars, fibre, vitamins, minerals, fatty acids and supplement use. The dataset provides detailed dietary micronutrient and macronutrient information, including vitamins A, B, C, D, E, K, minerals (such as calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, sodium, zinc, selenium), fatty acid subtypes and dietary supplements reported by participants. Access to this dataset is mediated by Alexandria Makenna 20641926@student.westernsydney.edu.au ORCID 0000-0001-8873-8939

The statistic depicts the distribution of accommodation among international visitors to Western Sydney in Australia in 2017, by type. That year, **** percent of international travelers in Western Sydney stayed at a friends or relatives property.

Map of koala movement corridors and priority restoration areas in a study area in south-western Sydney. Koala movement corridors are classified as primary, secondary and tertiary according to the level of connectivity of core koala habitat which are critical for the long-term viability of the regional koala population in the study area. Koala corridor categories also consider corridor dimensions such as minimum widths. Koala corridors are likely to extend outside of the study area. They are named, largely by geographic area or river/creek catchment. The mapping, along with key koala conservation principles, form the basis of advice by the Department of Planning, Industry and Environment related to the conservation of the regional koala population extending from Holsworthy and Moorebank, through Campbelltown and Wollondilly, to Wingecarribee. For further information on the data layer and its development, please see Conserving koalas in Wollondilly and Campbelltown Local Government Areas. Also available for download from Data and resources below.

The most popular accommodation type stayed in by domestic overnight visitors to Western Sydney, Australia in the year ended December 2022 was a friend or relatives property. Standard hotels or motor inns were the next most prevalent accommodation type stayed in overnight by domestic visitors to Western Sydney that year.

Challenging Racism Project National Dataset contains 43 surveys items including questions assessing racial attitudes, social distance items (level of concern if a close friend or family member married a person of specific background), experiences of racism, frequency of interethnic mixing, demographic questions, and geographical identifiers. The 12512 surveys were conducted via a telephone by the Social Research Centre and the Hunter Valley Research Foundation's call centre on behalf of the project. Queensland and NSW data were collected in 2001, Victoria in 2006, South Australia and Australian Capital Territory in 2007, and Northern Territory, Tasmania and Perth in 2008. Survey respondents were not identifiable, beyond demographic characteristics collected. The data were analysed by using SPSS.

While current revenue figures have seen continued growth for the five years through 2024-25, inflation has meant that it has materially declined over the same period. Currently, revenue for the Government Schools industry sits at an estimated $70.5 billion, reflecting an annualised contraction of 1.2% since 2019-20 and a 2.5% drop compared to 2023-24 figures. As the Australian population aged between 5 and 18 grows, demand for public schools continues to swell. Government schools are mainly funded by state and federal governments, with education being a critical part of their budgets. Secondary to this, schools also receive funding from donations and fundraising. However, the cost-of-living crisis has threatened this additional revenue stream. Many parents perceive private schools as of a higher quality than government schools, partly because of marketing efforts to boost their reputation. This competition has meant that public schools have faced staff shortages as teachers move to private schools to receive the higher salaries offered. Private schools can offer these wages as, unlike public education providers, they receive sizable fees from parents. In contrast, public schools operate not-for-profit, limiting their ability to pay staff higher salaries. Looking to the future, government schools will continue to derive growing revenue from government funding. The 2024-25 Victorian budget contains $753.0 million for school maintenance and upgrades, and $139.0 million for getting more teachers into schools as the state attempts to fight staff shortages. The NSW 2024-25 budget includes $8.9 billion to continue the development of school infrastructure in both regional New South Wales and the rapidly growing Western Sydney. Overall, government schools' revenue is expected to climb at an annualised 1.5% through the end of 2029-30, to total $75.9 billion.

The Cumberland Plain Conservation Plan (the CPCP) facilitates growth in Western Sydney to 2056 and beyond, and delivers important development and biodiversity outcomes. The CPCP is one of the largest strategic conservation plans to be undertaken in Australia and will protect large areas of significant habitat for threatened plants and animals, including koala population, while supporting the delivery of housing, jobs and infrastructure. The CPCP will facilitate delivery of up to 73,000 homes planned for the Western Parkland City by providing the necessary NSW and Federal biodiversity approvals across around 11,000 hectares of land including the Western Sydney Aerotropolis to enable development of new housing and infrastructure. There are 9 datasets associated with the CPCP, these are available as a part of the download package.

This dataset contains the latest available numbers of dwelling approvals by District from July 1991; the latest available numbers of net dwelling completions by District from July 2012; and the number of net dwelling completions for Greater Sydney Region by financial year since 1949-50. Data are collected from Australian Bureau of Statistics, Sydney Water, Hunter Water and Councils in the Central Coast and Illawarra Regions and analysed as part of the Department’s responsibilities to monitor residential housing activity. Dwelling Approvals refers to a residential development that has received the final approval to construct. Net dwelling completions refer to the difference between the number of completed dwellings compared to the existing stock, adjusted for demolitions. For example, a two-unit development that demolishes one house is counted as one net dwelling completion. These data are for the Greater Sydney, Central Coast, Illawarra-Shoalhaven and Greater Newcastle Regions, which comprise the LGAs of Bayside, Blacktown, Blue Mountains, Burwood, Camden, Canterbury-Bankstown, Campbelltown, Canada Bay, Central Coast, Cumberland, Fairfield, Georges River, Hawkesbury, Hornsby, Hunters Hill, Inner West, Kiama, Ku-ring-gai, Lake Macquarie, Lane Cove, Liverpool, Maitland, Mosman, Newcastle, North Sydney, Northern Beaches, Parramatta, Penrith, Port Stephens, Randwick, Ryde, Shellharbour, Shoalhaven, Strathfield, Sutherland Shire, Sydney, The Hills Shire, Waverley, Willoughby, Wollondilly, Wollongong and Woollahra. Prior to 21 September 2017, the Greater Sydney Region Districts included Central, Central West, North, South, South West and West. From that date, the Greater Sydney Region Districts were updated and include Central City, Eastern City, North, South and Western City (Environmental Planning and Assessment Order 2017).

Demographic surveys of tree mortality and regeneration in all combinations of dry/wet forest, fertile/less fertile substrates exposed to extreme drought and fire were conducted. We used Bayesian regression modelling to compare tree mortality, diameter, response traits, population structure and occurrence of fire scars between substrates/forest types.

Around *** million domestic overnight visitors visited Western Sydney, Australia in the year ended December 2022. That same year, over ** million domestic tourists went to Western Sydney for the day. The highest number of domestic trips to Western Sydney within the given period was recorded in 2019, with a total of **** million domestic visitors traveling to Western Sydney that year.

Humans have been living on the continent of Australia (name derived from "Terra Australis"; Latin for "the southern land") for approximately 65,000 years, however population growth was relatively slow until the nineteenth century. Europeans had made some contact with Australia as early as 1606, however there was no significant attempt at settlement until the late eighteenth century. By 1800, the population of Australia was approximately 350,000 people, and the majority of these were Indigenous Australians. As colonization progressed the number of ethnic Europeans increased while the Australian Aboriginal population was decimated through conflict, smallpox and other diseases, with some communities being exterminated completely, such as Aboriginal Tasmanians. Mass migration from Britain and China After the loss of its American colonies in the 1780s, the British Empire looked to other parts of the globe to expand its sphere of influence. In Australia, the first colonies were established in Sydney, Tasmania and Western Australia. Many of these were penal colonies which became home to approximately 164,000 British and Irish convicts who were transported to Australia between 1788 and 1868. As the decades progressed, expansion into the interior intensified, and the entire country was claimed by Britain in 1826. Inland colonization led to further conflict between European settlers and indigenous Australians, which cost the lives of thousands of natives. Inward expansion also saw the discovery of many natural resources, and most notably led to the gold rushes of the 1850s, which attracted substantial numbers of Chinese migrants to Australia. This mass migration from non-European countries eventually led to some restrictive policies being introduced, culminating with the White Australia Policy of 1901, which cemented ethnic-European dominance in Australian politics and society. These policies were not retracted until the second half of the 1900s. Independent Australia Australia changed its status to a British dominion in 1901, and eventually became independent in 1931. Despite this, Australia has remained a part of the British Commonwealth, and Australian forces (ANZAC) fought with the British and their Allies in both World Wars, and were instrumental in campaigns such as Gallipoli in WWI, and the South West Pacific Theater in WWII. The aftermath of both wars had a significant impact on the Australian population, with approximately 90 thousand deaths in both world wars combined, as well as 15 thousand deaths as a result of the Spanish flu pandemic following WWI, although Australia experienced a significant baby boom following the Second World War. In the past fifty years, Australia has promoted immigration from all over the world, and now has one of the strongest economies and highest living standards in the world, with a population that has grown to over 25 million people in 2020.

Abstract Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects millions of women each year and has been recognized as a leading cause of poor health, disability, and death among women of reproductive age. However, the existing studies about the association between IPV and contraceptive use have been found to be conflicting and relatively less studied, particularly in low and middle income countries, including Eastern Sub Saharan Africa (SSA). This study examines the relationship between IPV and contraceptive use in Eastern SSA countries. Methods The Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from 2014 to 2017 were a multi-stage cluster sample survey of 30,715 ever married (or cohabitating) women of reproductive age from six countries. The six Eastern SSA datasets were pooled and multivariable logistic regression using a hierarchical approach was performed to examine the association between IPV and contraceptive use after adjusting for women, partners, and household and health facility factors. Result Two thirds of women 67% [66.55, 67.88] were not using any modern contraceptive methods and almost half (48%) of the women had experienced at least one form of IPV from their partners. Our analysis showed a strong association with decreased odds of physical violence [adjusted odds ratios (aOR) = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.67, 0 0.78] among women not using any contraceptive methods. Other factors associated with women not using any contraceptive methods were older women (35–49 years), illiterate couples and women from poorest households. Women who had no access to any form of communication [aOR = 1.12, 95%CI: 1.08, 1.36], unemployed partner [aOR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.23, 1.95] and women who travelled long distances to access health services [aOR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.06, 1.26] significantly reported increased odds of not using any contraceptive methods. Conclusion Our study indicated that physical violence was negatively associated with not using any contraceptive method among married women in Eastern SSA countries. Tailored intervention messages to reduce IPV including physical violence among women not using contraceptive methods in East Africa should target those from low-socioeconomic groups especially, older women with no access to any form of communication, unemployed partners, and illiterate couples.

Introduction: Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities are growing globally. Understanding patterns of cerebrovascular disease in CALD communities may improve health outcomes through culturally specific interventions. We compared rates of transient ischaemic attack (TIA)/stroke (ischaemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage) and stroke risk factor prevalence in overseas and Australian-born people in South Western Sydney (SWS) and New South Wales (NSW). Methods: This was a 10-year retrospective analysis (2011–2020) of SWS and NSW age-standardized rates per 100,000 person-years of TIA/stroke. Data were extracted from Health Information Exchange and Secure Analytics for Population Health Research and Intelligence systems. Rates of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), atrial fibrillation (AF), smoking, and obesity were also calculated. Results: The SWS and NSW age-standardized rate of TIA/stroke for people born in Australia was 100 per 100,000 person-years (100/100,000/year). In SWS, 56.6% of people were overseas-born compared to 29.8% for NSW. The age-standardized rate of TIA/stroke for Polynesian-born people was more than double that of Australian-born people (p < 0.001). Hypertension (33 [SWS] vs. 27/100,000/year [NSW]) and T2DM (36 [SWS] vs. 26/100,000/year [NSW]) were the most common risk factors with rates >50/100,000/year (hypertension) and >80/100,000/year (T2DM) for people born in Polynesia, Melanesia, and Central America. Rates of T2DM, AF, and obesity for Polynesian-born people were over threefold greater than people born in Australia. Discussion/Conclusion: Greater rates of TIA/stroke were observed in specific CALD communities, with increased rates of cerebrovascular risk factors. Culturally specific, targeted interventions may bridge health inequalities in cerebrovascular disease.

Trends in population growth, water availability, government infrastructure funding and mining developments principally drive the performance of the Water and Waste Services Infrastructure Construction industry. Australia is vulnerable to protracted droughts, which encourages public investment to improve water security, including the construction of desalination, re-use and recycling plants and irrigation and storage projects. Coal seam gas (CSG) extraction, iron ore and coal mining drive investment in water treatment plants, recycling and water supply pipelines. The construction of water and sewerage infrastructure surged to a peak in 2022-23 as governments invested in delivering water security, urban treatment plants to service the expanding population settlement and the rollout of extensive irrigation and pipeline projects by the National Water Grid Fund (NWGF). All tiers of government have lifted capital expenditure on water storage, treatment and irrigation facilities to improve national water security. At the same time, resource companies have funded water supply pipelines and treatment plants to service the Pilbara region of Western Australia and the CSG fields of Central Queensland. Over the past five years, industry revenue is expected to edge upwards at an annualised 0.7% to reach $9.0 billion in 2024-25, including the recent sharp contraction on the completion of several prominent projects. Industry revenue is expected to fall by 2.3% in 2024-25. Industry profitability has gradually strengthened despite the escalation in input prices due to supply chain disruptions. The industry's prospects remain solid despite the several landmark developments being put on the back burner, including the Hell's Gate and Urannah Dam projects in north Queensland. Industry revenue is forecast to climb at an annualised 1.6% through the end of 2029-30 to reach $9.7 billion. Several large-scale developments like the Upper South Creek Advanced Water Recycling Centre in Western Sydney and desalination plants in Western Australia and New South Wales will support high levels of water and waste infrastructure construction. Industry activity will also be underpinned by NWGF funding for water projects of national significance, including irrigation projects in South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania.