This data set represents the extent, approximate location and type of wetlands and deepwater habitats in the United States and its Territories. These data delineate the areal extent of wetlands and surface waters as defined by Cowardin et al. (1979). The National Wetlands Inventory - Version 2, Surface Waters and Wetlands Inventory was derived by retaining the wetland and deepwater polygons that compose the NWI digital wetlands spatial data layer and reintroducing any linear wetland or surface water features that were orphaned from the original NWI hard copy maps by converting them to narrow polygonal features. Additionally, the data are supplemented with hydrography data, buffered to become polygonal features, as a secondary source for any single-line stream features not mapped by the NWI and to complete segmented connections. Wetland mapping conducted in WA, OR, CA, NV and ID after 2012 and most other projects mapped after 2015 were mapped to include all surface water features and are not derived data. The linear hydrography dataset used to derive Version 2 was the U.S. Geological Survey's National Hydrography Dataset (NHD). Specific information on the NHD version used to derive Version 2 and where Version 2 was mapped can be found in the 'comments' field of the Wetlands_Project_Metadata feature class. Certain wetland habitats are excluded from the National mapping program because of the limitations of aerial imagery as the primary data source used to detect wetlands. These habitats include seagrasses or submerged aquatic vegetation that are found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of estuaries and near shore coastal waters. Some deepwater reef communities (coral or tuberficid worm reefs) have also been excluded from the inventory. These habitats, because of their depth, go undetected by aerial imagery. By policy, the Service also excludes certain types of "farmed wetlands" as may be defined by the Food Security Act or that do not coincide with the Cowardin et al. definition. Contact the Service's Regional Wetland Coordinator for additional information on what types of farmed wetlands are included on wetland maps. This dataset should be used in conjunction with the Wetlands_Project_Metadata layer, which contains project specific wetlands mapping procedures and information on dates, scales and emulsion of imagery used to map the wetlands within specific project boundaries. Please reference the metadata for contact information.

The Informational Freshwater Wetland Mapping layer is only intended to be used for informational purposes in identifying the general location and extent of freshwater wetland areas of any size throughout the state. Informational Freshwater Wetland Mapping is not regulatory. The Freshwater Wetlands Act changed in 2022 such that wetlands greater than 12.4 acres in size are regulated regardless of their mapping status. In addition to larger wetlands, the Freshwater Wetlands Act regulates smaller wetlands of “unusual importance” if they meet one of eleven criteria described in the law and regulation. While maps contained on the Environmental Resource Mapper provide information on the potential locations of wetlands, the only definitive way to determine if a particular parcel or property contains regulated wetlands outside the Adirondack Park is to request a jurisdictional determination through DEC’s website (https://dec.ny.gov/nature/waterbodies/wetlands/freshwater-wetlands-program). The Freshwater Wetlands Act regulates most development activities located in the wetland or within a regulated “adjacent area.” This adjacent area is a minimum of 100 feet but may be extended for a limited number of particularly sensitive wetlands. Not all activities in and near wetlands are regulated. There are many exempt activities that landowners may undertake without permits. However, if you are not sure of which activities require permits near New York State regulated wetlands, please contact your regional DEC office.Wetlands are classified from Class I (which provide the most benefits) to Class IV (which provide fewer benefits). The classification is based on the work that wetlands do, such as storing flood water and providing wildlife habitat. The system for classifying wetlands is contained in regulation (6 NYCRR Part 664) and the classification of individual wetlands is determined as part of the jurisdictional determination process.For additional information on NYS Freshwater Wetlands, see DEC's website (https://dec.ny.gov/nature/waterbodies/wetlands/freshwater-wetlands-program).View Dataset on the GatewayFor information on wetlands inside the Adirondack Park, please contact the Adirondack Park Agency. For information on wetlands regulated under federal law, please contact the United State Army Corps of Engineers.Contact for this Data:DFW, Bureau of Ecosystem Health625 BroadwayAlbany, NY 12233Phone: 518-402-8920fw.ecohealth@dec.ny.gov

Note that due to the quantity and complexity of the data there is scale dependent rendering enabled. The vector data only draws when zoomed in to 1:250,000 map scale or larger. To view the wetlands data at a smaller scale utilize the Wetlands Raster service (https://www.fws.gov/wetlandsmapservice/rest/services/Wetlands_Raster/ImageServer) to display generalized wetlands at all scales.. For specific questions or assistance please email wetlands_team@fws.gov.For more information visit: https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/index.htmlView Wetlands Data on the Wetlands Mapper at: https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/Data/Mapper.htmlWetlands Web Services are available at: https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/Data/Web-Map-Services.htmlWetlands Data available as a KML at: https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/Data/Google-Earth.htmlWetlands Data Downloads available at: https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/Data/Data-Download.htmlWetland Data Standards available at: https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/Data/Data-Standards.htmlWetland Codes available at: https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/Data/Wetland-Codes.htm

This data set represents the extent, approximate location and type of wetlands and deepwater habitats in the United States and its Territories. These data delineate the areal extent of wetlands and surface waters as defined by Cowardin et al. (1979). The National Wetlands Inventory - Version 2, Surface Waters and Wetlands Inventory was derived by retaining the wetland and deepwater polygons that compose the NWI digital wetlands spatial data layer and reintroducing any linear wetland or surface water features that were orphaned from the original NWI hard copy maps by converting them to narrow polygonal features. Additionally, the data are supplemented with hydrography data, buffered to become polygonal features, as a secondary source for any single-line stream features not mapped by the NWI and to complete segmented connections. Wetland mapping conducted in WA, OR, CA, NV and ID after 2012 and most other projects mapped after 2015 were mapped to include all surface water features and are not derived data. The linear hydrography dataset used to derive Version 2 was the U.S. Geological Survey's National Hydrography Dataset (NHD). Specific information on the NHD version used to derive Version 2 and where Version 2 was mapped can be found in the 'comments' field of the Wetlands_Project_Metadata feature class. Certain wetland habitats are excluded from the National mapping program because of the limitations of aerial imagery as the primary data source used to detect wetlands. These habitats include seagrasses or submerged aquatic vegetation that are found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of estuaries and near shore coastal waters. Some deepwater reef communities (coral or tuberficid worm reefs) have also been excluded from the inventory. These habitats, because of their depth, go undetected by aerial imagery. By policy, the Service also excludes certain types of "farmed wetlands" as may be defined by the Food Security Act or that do not coincide with the Cowardin et al. definition. Contact the Service's Regional Wetland Coordinator for additional information on what types of farmed wetlands are included on wetland maps. This dataset should be used in conjunction with the Wetlands_Project_Metadata layer, which contains project specific wetlands mapping procedures and information on dates, scales and emulsion of imagery used to map the wetlands within specific project boundaries.

The MassDEP Wetlands dataset comprises two ArcGIS geodatabase feature classes:The WETLANDSDEP_POLY layer contains polygon features delineating mapped wetland resource areas and attribute codes indicating wetland type.The WETLANDSDEP_ARC layer was generated from the polygon features and contains arc attribute coding based on the adjacent polygons as well as arcs defined as hydrologic connections.Together these statewide layers enhance and replace the original MassDEP wetlands layers, formerly known as DEP Wetlands (1:12,000). It should be noted that these layers provide a medium-scale representation of the wetland areas of the state and are for planning purposes only. Wetlands boundary determination for other purposes, such as the Wetlands Protection Act MA Act M.G.L. c. 131 or local bylaws must use the relevant procedures and criteria.The original MassDEP wetlands mapping project was based on the photo-interpretation of 1:12,000, stereo color-infrared (CIR) photography, captured between 1990 and 2000, and included field verification by the MassDEP Wetlands Conservancy Program (WCP). In 2007 the MassDEP WCP began a statewide effort to assess and where necessary update the original wetlands data. The MassDEP WCP used ESRI ArcGIS Desktop software, assisted by the PurVIEW Stereo Viewing extension, to evaluate and update the original wetlands features based on photo-interpretation of 0.5m, (1:5,000) digital stereo CIR imagery statewide, captured in April 2005. No field verification was conducted on this updated 2005 wetlands data.The 2005 WETLANDSDEP_POLY layer includes polygon features that distinguish it from its predecessor by overall changes in size and shape. In addition, new polygons have been created and original ones deleted. Many of the polygons, however, remain the same as in the original layer. All changes have been made according to the techniques described below. For the purpose of cartographic continuity, a small number of coastal polygons outside the state boundary where added based on data provided by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).The 2005 WETLANDSDEP_ARC layer was generated to support map display and was designed to cartographically enhance the rendering of wetland features on a base map. Arc features in this layer were generated from the wetland polygons and coding (ARC_CODE) was assigned based on the adjacent polygon types. Hydrologic connection features (ARC_CODE = 7) were then added. Where delineated, these arc features indicate an observed hydrologic connection to or between wetland polygons. Although efforts were made to be comprehensive and thorough in mapping hydrologic connections, due to the limitations of aerial photo-interpretation some areas may have been missed.The types of updates made to the original wetland features include alteration, movement/realignment and reclassification. In some cases original wetland areas have been deleted and new areas have been added. Updates to original wetland features resulted from the following factors: changes in the natural environment due to human activity or natural causes; advances in the field of remote sensing, allowing for more refined mapping.Edit changes to the original wetland data include:Addition of new wetland and hydrologic connection featuresAppending (expansion or realignment) of existing (original) wetland and hydrologic connection featuresReclassification of wetlands features, due to change in wetlands environment from the original classificationMovement (or shifting) of original wetland features to better match the source imageryDeletion of original wetland or hydrologic connection features due to changes in wetlands environment or inconsistency with mapping criteria.Please note that although efforts were made to be comprehensive and thorough in the evaluation and mapping of statewide wetland resources some areas of the state may have been missed. Many of the wetland and hydrologic connection features remain the same as in the original data. The polygon attribute SOURCE_SCALE may be used to identify areas that have been altered from the original wetlands. The SOURCE_SCALE code 5000 indicates an updated wetland area. The SOURCE_SCALE code 12000 indicates an unaltered, original wetland polygon.

Contact Jes Skillman if you want to add an item to this gallery.Wetland Mapping Group: https://duinc.maps.arcgis.com/home/group.html?id=c22ee7bff919440ba4fac4503723779f#overview

These maps, a product provided by the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC), show the approximate boundaries and classifications of Delaware wetlands as interpreted from leaf-off color infrared aerial photography (1992, 2007, 2017). Statewide wetland maps are used for local and regional site-specific planning and management purposes, and allow for status and trends assessments providing information on the type, amount, location and causes of wetland changes. Wetlands mapping utilizes a standardized wetlands classification scheme which was adapted from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s National Wetlands Inventory (Cowardin, et al. 1979, and 2016 revision for 2017 data). The 1992 data was created by DNREC under contract with Photoscience, Inc. and Environmental Resource, Inc., and in partnership with the National Wetlands Inventory (NWI). The 2007 and 2017 map data was created by DNREC and completed under contract with Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University, Conservation Management Institute, and in coordination with NWI. Methods used meet or exceed NWI procedures and the guidelines of the Federal Geographic Data Committee's Wetland Mapping Standard (document FGDC-STD-015-2009). The 2017 wetlands are identified at a minimum mapping unit of .25 acres with smaller, highly recognizable polygons (e.g., ponds) mapped down to approximately 0.10 acres. Photo interpreters identified the wetland targets at a scale of approximately to 1:10,000 with delineations completed at 1:5,000 and, occasionally, larger as necessary. The 2017 mapping used the NWI 2.0 guidelines which incorporate hydrography spatial data (National Hydrography Dataset – NHD) along with wetlands data.2007 Head of Tide wetlands are those salt and freshwater wetlands that have water influenced by the tides and is derived/extracted from the overall 2007 wetland data. 2017 High Marsh and Low marsh are wetland polygons identified as either High or Low marsh for the purposes of beginning to track these two estuarine wetland types in response to climate change. 2017 High Water Mark is an attempt to depict the high water line along coastal areas.

In 2016 NYC Parks contracted with the UVM Spatial Analysis Lab to use modern remote sensing and object-based image analysis to create a new wetlands map for New York City. Data inputs include Light Detection and Ranging Data, State and Federal Wetland Inventories, soils, and field data. Because the map was conservative in its wetlands predictions, NYC Parks staff improved the map through a series of desktop and field verification efforts. From June to November 2020, NYC Parks staff field verified the majority of wetlands on NYC Parks' property. The map will be opportunistically updated depending on available field information and delineations. Another dedicated field verification effort has not been planned. As of June 2021, no subsequent updates to the data are scheduled. Original field names were updated to field names that are easier to understand. This dataset was developed to increase awareness regarding the location and extent of wetlands to promote restoration and conservation in New York City. This map does not supersede U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) and New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) wetlands maps and has no jurisdictional authority. It should be used alongside NWI and NYSDEC datasets as a resource for identifying likely locations of wetlands in New York City. Mapped features vary in the confidence of their verification status, ranging from "Unverified" (meaning the feature exists in its original remotely mapped form and has not been ground truthed) to "Verified - Wetland Delineation" (meaning the boundaries and type of wetland have been verified during an official wetland delineation). Because of the rapid nature of the protocol and the scale of data collection, this product is not a subsitute for on-site investigations and field delineations. The dataset also includes broad classifications for each wetland type, e.g. estuarine, emergent wetland, forested wetland, shrub/scrub wetland, or water. Cowardin classifcations were not used given rapid verfication methods. The accuracy of the wetlands map has improved over time as a result of the verification process. Fields were added over time as necessitated by the workflow and values were updated with information, either from the field verifications, delineation reports, or desktop analysis. OBJECTID, Shape, Class_Name_Final, Verification_Status, Create_Date, Last_Edited_Date, Verification_Status_Year, SHAPE_Length, SHAPE_Area https://www.nycgovparks.org/greening/natural-resources-group Data Dictionary: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1a45qCho45MV-AuOlGxyaRp0cg3cRFKw4lAYBIaU3zi4/edit#gid=260500519 Map: https://data.cityofnewyork.us/dataset/NYC-Wetlands/7piy-bhr9

This data set represents the extent, approximate location and type of wetlands and deepwater habitats in Carteret County, NC, as of May, 2018. These data delineate the areal extent of wetlands and surface waters as defined by Cowardin et al. (1979). The National Wetlands Inventory - Version 2, Surface Waters and Wetlands Inventory was derived by retaining the wetland and deepwater polygons that compose the NWI digital wetlands spatial data layer and reintroducing any linear wetland or surface water features that were orphaned from the original NWI hard copy maps by converting them to narrow polygonal features. Additionally, the data are supplemented with hydrography data, buffered to become polygonal features, as a secondary source for any single-line stream features not mapped by the NWI and to complete segmented connections. Wetland mapping conducted in WA, OR, CA, NV and ID after 2012 and most other projects mapped after 2015 were mapped to include all surface water features and are not derived data. The linear hydrography dataset used to derive Version 2 was the U.S. Geological Survey's National Hydrography Dataset (NHD). Specific information on the NHD version used to derive Version 2 and where Version 2 was mapped can be found in the 'comments' field of the Wetlands_Project_Metadata feature class. Certain wetland habitats are excluded from the National mapping program because of the limitations of aerial imagery as the primary data source used to detect wetlands. These habitats include seagrasses or submerged aquatic vegetation that are found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of estuaries and near shore coastal waters. Some deepwater reef communities (coral or tuberficid worm reefs) have also been excluded from the inventory. These habitats, because of their depth, go undetected by aerial imagery. By policy, the Service also excludes certain types of "farmed wetlands" as may be defined by the Food Security Act or that do not coincide with the Cowardin et al. definition. Contact the Service's Regional Wetland Coordinator for additional information on what types of farmed wetlands are included on wetland maps. This dataset should be used in conjunction with the Wetlands_Project_Metadata layer, which contains project specific wetlands mapping procedures and information on dates, scales and emulsion of imagery used to map the wetlands within specific project boundaries.

High-resolution binary wetland map for Canada (2001-2016). Wetland map for the forested ecosystems of Canada focused on current conditions. The binary wetland data included in this product is national in scope (entirety of forested ecosystem) and represents the wall to wall characterization for 2001-2016 (see Wulder et al. 2018). This product was generated using both annual gap free composite reflectance images and annual forest change maps following the Virtual Land Cover Engine (VLCE) process (see Hermosilla et al. 2018), over the 650 million ha forested ecosystems of Canada. Elements of the VLCE classification approach are inclusion of disturbance information in the processes as well as ensuring class transitions over time are logical. Further, a Hidden Markov Model is implemented to assess individual year class likelihoods to reduce variability and possible noise in year-on-year class assignments (for instances when class likelihoods are similar). For this product, to be considered as currently a wetland a pixel must have been classified as wetland at least 80% or 13 of the 16 years between 2001 and 2016, inclusively. For an overview on the data, image processing, and time series change detection methods applied, see Wulder et al. (2018). Wulder, M.A., Z. Li, E. Campbell, J.C. White, G. Hobart, T. Hermosilla, and N.C. Coops (2018). A National Assessment of Wetland Status and Trends for Canada’s Forested Ecosystems Using 33 Years of Earth Observation Satellite Data. Remote Sensing. For a detailed description of the VLCE process and the subsequently generated land cover product, including an accuracy assessment, please see Hermosilla et al. (2018).

Mapping Russian Wetlands and Estimating Methane Fluxes

Introduction

Wetlands are crucial in regulating the Earth’s climate, acting as both carbon sinks and significant methane sources. Russian wetlands represent one of the largest and most diverse wetland complexes globally, extending across biomes from Arctic tundra to boreal forests. Despite their importance, these wetlands remain underexplored, particularly in terms of their spatial distribution and greenhouse gas contributions. This dataset provides a detailed typological map of Russian wetlands and accompanying methane flux estimates, representing the most comprehensive methane emissions dataset for Russian wetlands to date. The maps and calculations were developed in Google Earth Engine (GEE) through a combination of multi-seasonal Landsat composites, PALSAR radar imagery, and extensive field-based validation data from peatland sites across Western Siberia.

Data Overview

Input Layers

The wetland mapping relied on seasonal Landsat composites (spring, summer, fall) and PALSAR radar data to capture the distinct structural and hydrological characteristics of each wetland type. Additional layers, such as GMTED topographic slope and Hansen’s TreeCover, were included to exclude non-wetland areas and to enhance the classification by distinguishing forested from non-forested wetlands.

Training Points

A comprehensive training site database was created, integrating field knowledge, high-resolution imagery, and georeferenced photos. Approximately 2,450 representative points were selected to capture 12 primary wetland types across Russia, with each point validated against high-resolution imagery to ensure accuracy. Points were collected to represent the wide-ranging wetland ecosystems in Russia, from open water and patterned bogs to swampy and forested fens, providing robust ground-truth data for training the classification model.

Random Forest Classifier

The random forest classifier was chosen for its capacity to handle large datasets and complex relationships among input layers. Optimized for Landsat and PALSAR inputs, the classifier used over 100 trees, each making independent predictions based on subsets of data, which were averaged to produce the final classification. This ensemble approach minimized overfitting, a crucial factor for the varied ecological regions across Russia.

Russian Wetlands Map

The final Russian Wetlands Map encompasses 12 wetland types, detailing their distribution and extent across the country:

• Total Wetland Area: 173.96 million hectares of mapped wetlands, capturing diverse ecosystems, including bogs, fens, and swampy areas.

• Open Water Area: Lakes, rivers, and smaller water bodies within wetland zones were separately mapped, totaling 42.6 million hectares.

Emission Modeling and Ecosite Analysis

Ecosite Proportions for Methane Emission Modeling

Each wetland type was further divided into ecosite units representing distinct, smaller areas with uniform hydrological and geochemical properties. This level of detail enabled precise methane emission estimates by capturing the variability within complex wetland ecosystems. For instance, ridges and hollows within patterned bogs exhibit unique methane emission dynamics due to differences in vegetation and water levels. Ecosite proportions for methane emission were calculated from 20-30 representative field sites per wetland type, capturing the typical area breakdown of each wetland type across Russia.

Methane Emission Period Calculation

To estimate seasonal methane emission periods across Russia’s climatic zones, the average summer temperature (Bio10) parameter from WorldClim data was used. Bio10 values reflect seasonal variation in emission potential, correlating with longer and warmer summers in southern regions versus shorter, cooler summers in the north. Using these data, an emission period was calculated for each 50 km x 50 km grid cell based on a regression model derived from Western Siberia data:
Emission Period (hours) = 303 * Bio10 – 675

This equation, which explained 98% of the variation in emission duration, provided a dynamic method for estimating emission periods across Russia’s diverse landscape.

Methane Emission Estimates

Calculation Approach

Methane emission estimates were derived from a multi-step approach that incorporated ecosystem-specific emission factors, ecosystem area, and the estimated emission period:

1. Ecosystem Area Calculation: Area estimates for each ecosite type were derived from field-based proportions applied to the classified wetland map.

2. Emission Period: Calculated for each grid cell based on Bio10 data, varying continuously across climatic zones.

3. Methane Flux Values: Based on quantiles from field measurements within three main zones (Tundra, Northern Taiga, and Southern Taiga) to account for natural variability in methane emissions.

Using this approach, methane emissions were calculated for each 50 km per 50 km grid cell, factoring in the unique emission characteristics of each wetland type and zone. This produced a spatially detailed estimate of methane fluxes, reflective of the temperature and vegetation gradients across Russia.

Resulting National Estimate

• Total Annual Methane Emissions: 11.39 MtCH₄ per year from all mapped wetland areas.

• Open Water Contributions: 2.54 MtCH₄ per year from open water bodies, including intra-wetland lakes and rivers.

Data Highlights

• High-resolution wetland classification covering 173.96 million hectares across diverse wetland ecosystems.

• Detailed methane emission data derived from multi-year field measurements and validated against climatic data, providing spatially continuous methane flux estimates across Russia.

• 50x50 km² grid cell calculations, accounting for methane emission rates, emission periods, and ecosystem proportions for each cell.

This dataset serves as an essential tool for environmental scientists, climate modelers, and conservationists, supporting further research into wetland carbon dynamics, climate mitigation strategies, and regional land-use planning. The high resolution data availbale at url: https://code.earthengine.google.com/d6a9d4045255fd84298777e56a38ae03

This data layer contains the 1972 Wetland Maps. These are guidance maps for regulatory purposes and not (and never were) a wetland delineation.This is a MD iMAP hosted service. Find more information on https://imap.maryland.gov.Map Service Link: https://geodata.md.gov/imap/rest/services/Hydrology/MD_WetlandMaps1972/MapServer

This product provides regional estimates of specific wetland types (bog and fen) in Alaska. Available wetland types mapped by the National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) program were re-classed into bog, fen, and other. NWI mapping of wetlands was only done for a portion of the area so a decision tree mapping algorithm was then developed to estimate bog, fen, and other across the state of Alaska using remote sensing and GIS spatial data sets as inputs. This data was used and presented in two chapters on the USGS Alaska LandCarbon Report

Many maps of open water and wetland have been developed based on three main methods: (i) compiling national/regional wetland surveys; (ii) identifying inundated areas by satellite imagery; (iii) delineating wetlands as shallow water table areas based on groundwater modelling. The resulting global wetland extents, however, vary from 3 to 21% of the land surface area, because of inconsistencies in wetland definitions and limitations in observation or modelling systems. To reconcile these differences, we propose composite wetland (CW) maps combining two classes of wetlands: (1) regularly flooded wetlands (RFW) which are obtained by overlapping selected open-water and inundation datasets; (2) groundwater-driven wetlands (GDW) derived from groundwater modelling (either direct or simplified using several variants of the topographic index). Wetlands are thus statically defined as areas with persistent near saturated soil because of regular flooding or shallow groundwater. To explore the uncertainty of the proposed data fusion, seven CW maps were generated at the 15 arc-sec resolution (ca 500 m at the Equator) using geographic information system (GIS) tools, by combining one RFW and different GDW maps. They correspond to contemporary potential wetlands, i.e. the expected wetlands assuming no human influence under the present climate. To validate the approach, these CW maps were compared to existing wetland datasets at the global and regional scales: the spatial patterns are decently captured, but the wetland extents are difficult to assess against the dispersion of the validation datasets. Compared to the only regional dataset encompassing both GDWs and RFWs, over France, the CW maps perform well and better than all other considered global wetland datasets. Two CW maps, showing the best overall match with the available evaluation datasets, are eventually selected. They give a global wetland extent of 27.5 and 29 million km², i.e. 21.1 and 21.6% of global land area, which is among the highest values in the literature, in line with recent estimates also recognizing the contribution of GDWs. This wetland class covers 15% of global land area, against 9.7% for RFWs (with an overlap ca 3.4 %), including wetlands under canopy/cloud cover leading to high wetland densities in the tropics, and small scattered wetlands, which cover less than 5% of land but are very important for hydrological and ecological functioning in temperate to arid areas. […]

The principal focus of the wetland inventory is to produce wetland maps that are graphic representations of the type, size and location of wetlands in Wisconsin. Currently, there are two different datasets that have been created using different mapping methods and technologies.

The majority of the state was mapped using traditional stereo-pair, black-and-white, infrared photography. Within this context, the objective was to provide reconnaissance level information on the location, type, size of these habitats such that they are accurate at the nominal scale of the 1:20,000 (1 inch = 1667 feet) base map.

LiDAR Technology

LiDAR has advanced the ability to see and map wetland and surface water features.

New wetland mapping is underway in areas across the state at a nominal scale of 1:2000 (1 inch = 166.7 feet). The data are being mapped according to the National Wetland Inventory standards using new methods. Please see the WWI SOP for more information.

See LiDAR based status map for more information.

Data

The download contains both the older, high altitude, stereo-photo based mapping as well as the newer LiDAR based mapping. Any older WWI data within a new project area boundary have been removed.

The DNR recognizes the limitations of using remotely sensed information as the primary data source. They are to be used as a guide for planning purposes.

There is no attempt, in either the design or products of this inventory, to define the limits of jurisdiction of any federal, state, or local government or to establish the geographical scope of the regulatory programs of government agencies. Anyone intending to engage in activities involving modifications within or adjacent to wetland areas should seek the advice of appropriate federal, state, or local agencies concerning specified agency regulatory programs and jurisdictions that may affect such activities. The most accurate method of determining the legal extent of a wetland for federal or state regulations is a field delineation of the wetland boundary by a professional trained in wetland delineation techniques.

See https://dnr.wi.gov/topic/wetlands/inventory.html for more information on Wisconsin Wetland Inventory mapping.

Please contact Calvin Lawrence, GIS Specialist in the WDNR Waterway and Wetlands Section, at Calvin.Lawrence@wisconsin.gov.

This dataset (2012-2020) is a compilation of the Land Use/Land Cover datasets created by the 5 Water Management Districts in Florida based on imagery -- North West Florida Water Management District (NWFWMD) 2019, Suwannee River Water Management District (SRWMD) 2019-2020, St. John's River Water Management District (SJRWMD) 2013-2016, 2013 (Dec 2012 – Mar 2013) - Duval, Bradford, 2014 (Dec 2013 – Mar 2014) - Alachua, Baker, Clay, Flagler, Lake, Marion, Nassau, Osceola, Polk, Putnam, St. John’s, 2015 (Dec 2014 – Mar 2015) - Brevard, Indian River, Okeechobee, Seminole, Volusia, 2016 (Dec 2015 – Mar 2016) - Orange, South West Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) 2020 and South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) 2017-2019. Codes are derived from the Florida Land Use, Cover, and Forms Classification System (FLUCCS-DOT 1999) but may have been altered to accommodate region differences.

September 2025

This data set represents the extent, approximate location and type of wetlands and deepwater habitats in the conterminous United States. These data delineate the areal extent of wetlands and surface waters as defined by Cowardin et al. (1979). Certain wetland habitats are excluded from the National mapping program because of the limitations of aerial imagery as the primary data source used to detect wetlands. These habitats include seagrasses or submerged aquatic vegetation that are found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of estuaries and near shore coastal waters. Some deepwater reef communities (coral or tuberficid worm reefs) have also been excluded from the inventory. These habitats, because of their depth, go undetected by aerial imagery. By policy, the Service also excludes certain types of "farmed wetlands" as may be defined by the Food Security Act or that do not coincide with the Cowardin et al. definition. Contact the Service's Regional Wetland Coordinator for additional information on what types of farmed wetlands are included on wetland maps. In addition to updated NWI maps (2015) the Landscape Level Wetland Functional Assessment (LLWFA) has been added to these wetland areas. The Department of Environment Great Lakes and Energy (EGLE) has been working since 2006 on refining and expanding the use of the LLWFA across much of the state. Each year, EGLE Nonpoint Source Unit is the main entity which distributes 319 watershed planning funds to local units of government, non-profit organizations, and numerous other state, federal, and local partners to reduce nonpoint source pollution statewide. Their yearly prioritization of watershed planning efforts directly influenced the completion of LLWFA efforts, and the scale at which they work is a perfect fit for this landscape level wetland information. This approach addresses both a current (2015) wetland inventory and a Pre-European Settlement inventory, to approximate change over time, and provide the best information possible on wetland status and trends from original condition through today. These watershed planning organizations have utilized these tools to help them better evaluate projects for preserving or enhancing their current wetland resources and planning for restoration of lost resources. Restoring lost wetland functionality shows great promise in addressing the systemic cause of much of the non-point source pollution occurring in the state. The 2015 NWI update is ongoing throughout the state.Detailed Wetland Code Descriptions can be found using the link below. This provides a crosswalk from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) wetlands data, as defined by the Federal Wetland Mapping Standard, to the complete wetland definitions, as defined by the Federal Wetlands Classification Standard. The table can be joined with the NWI wetlands data using the 'Attribute' field. This will provide users with a full wetland or deepwater habitat description for each polygon. https://maps-semcog.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/SEMCOG::wetland-code-definitions-2015

This dataset provides gridded average annual wetland salinity concentrations in practical salinity units (PSU) at 30-meter resolution within 24 coastal estuary sites in the United States predicted for 2020. Salinity in estuaries can serve as a proxy for sulfate concentration, which can inhibit methanogenesis. Data were derived from a hybrid approach to mapping salinity as a continuous variable using a combination of physical watershed and stream characteristics, optical remote sensing based on vegetation characteristics, and climate variables. Data are provided in cloud-optimized GeoTIFF format covering 33 Hydrologic Unit Code 8-digit (HUC8) watersheds to the extent of palustrine and estuarine wetlands as defined by NOAA's 2016 Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP) Coastal Land Cover layer. Additionally, model outputs are provided in comma separated values (CSV) files, and code scripts are provided in a compressed (*.zip) file.