Note: Updates to this data product are discontinued. The China agricultural and economic database is a collection of agricultural-related data from official statistical publications of the People's Republic of China. Analysts and policy professionals around the world need information about the rapidly changing Chinese economy, but statistics are often published only in China and sometimes only in Chinese-language publications. This product assembles a wide variety of data items covering agricultural production, inputs, prices, food consumption, output of industrial products relevant to the agricultural sector, and macroeconomic data.

Agricultural greenhouses, serving as facilities to protect crops and enhance farmland production efficiency, play a crucial role in the modernization process of agricultural production. With continuous innovation and promotion of greenhouse technology, the area covered by greenhouses in China has been steadily increasing over the past 20 years, far surpassing that of other countries. In this study, we utilized Landsat-7 imagery on the Google Earth Engine platform and employed a Random Forest classifier to extract the distribution of agricultural greenhouses across China mainland for the years 2010, 2016, and 2022. The classification results underwent further visual inspection and refinement through morphological checks, hole filling, and manual contour adjustments. The resulting dataset achieved an overall accuracy exceeding 97% for each of the years 2010, 2016, and 2022. The dataset, China GH, encompasses both the distribution of greenhouse sample points across mainland China and the precise geographic coordinates of agricultural greenhouses. It is stored in Shapefile format, TIFF format, and uses the WGS-84 coordinate system. The dataset includes: • Vector data of agricultural greenhouse sample points in mainland China.( Shapefile ) • Raster data of agricultural greenhouse distribution in mainland China. ( TIFF ) • Relevant thematic maps. ( TIFF ) All raster files are in unsigned 8-bit integer format and use 255 as no-data value (pixels ignored by prediction), following an specific naming convention: 1. Project name: China Greenhouse (China GH) 2. Procedure combination: Random Forest ( RF ) 3. Spatial resolution: 30m 4. Begin of time reference, date of first Landsat composite used by the modeling (20100101) 5. End of time reference: date of last Landsat composite used by the modeling (20221231) 6. Spatial extent: china mainland 7. Coordinate system: World Geodetic System 1984 8. Version: v1 Users can employ our China GH dataset in the following aspects :(1) Assist in agricultural layout and land use planning. (2) Assist agricultural producers to master the layout and scale of greenhouses to achieve the optimization of crop planting and management. (3) Research on the layout of agricultural greenhouses and crop growth in combination with other agriculture-related data. (3) Analyze the supply and demand of agricultural products in facilities, and guide the market pricing and sales strategy of agricultural products.

United States Imports from China was US$462.62 Billion during 2024, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. United States Imports from China - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on December of 2025.

China Production Price Index: AP: Farming Product: Cotton data was reported at 90.200 Prev Year=100 in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 87.800 Prev Year=100 for Dec 2024. China Production Price Index: AP: Farming Product: Cotton data is updated quarterly, averaging 102.155 Prev Year=100 from Mar 2002 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 78 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 166.730 Prev Year=100 in Dec 2010 and a record low of 70.690 Prev Year=100 in Dec 2014. China Production Price Index: AP: Farming Product: Cotton data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Inflation – Table CN.IC: Agricultural Production Price Index: Quarterly.

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The figures are based on GDP (Nominal) and sector composition ratios provided by the CIA World Fact Book. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other private economic activities that do not produce material goods.

CONTEXT

• Agriculture Sector : Agriculture Sector contributes 6.4 percent of total world's economic production. Total production of sector is $5,084,800 million. China is the largest contributer followed by India. China and India accounts for 19.49 and 7.39 percent of total global agricultural output. World's largest economy United States is at third place. Next in line come Brazil and Indonesia

• **Industry Sector : **With GDP of $23,835 billion, Industry Sector holds a share of 30% of total GDP nominal. China is the largest contributor followed by US. Japan is at 3rd and Germany is at 4th place. These four countries contributes 45.84 of total global industrial output.

• Services Sector : Services sector is the largest sector of the world as 63 percent of total global wealth comes from services sector. United States is the largest producer of services sector with around 15.53 trillion USD. Services sector is the leading sector in 201 countries/economies. 30 countries receive more than 80 percent of their GDP from services sector. Chad has lowest 27% contribution by services sector in its economy.

China Exports to United States was US$525.65 Billion during 2024, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. China Exports to United States - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on November of 2025.

Cash-and-Equivalents Time Series for South China Holdings Co Ltd. South China Holdings Company Limited, an investment holding company, engages in the manufacture and trading of toys, property investment and development, and agriculture and forestry businesses. The company's Trading and Manufacturing segment is involved in the manufacturing and trading of merchandises, including footwear and leather products. Its Property Investment and Development segment engages in the property investment and development activities. The company's Agriculture and Forestry segment is involved in the cultivation of fruit trees and crops; rearing of livestock and aquatic products; and forestation and sale of relevant agricultural produce. It also manufactures and trades in electronic products; manufactures and sells leather chemical and sports products; and invests in, develops, and manages properties. Further, the company is involved in the woods and crops plantation business. It operates in the People's Republic of China, the United States, Europe, Japan, and internationally. The company was formerly known as South China (China) Limited and changed its name to South China Holdings Company Limited in June 2015. South China Holdings Company Limited is headquartered in Central, Hong Kong.

China GDP: % of GDP: Gross Value Added: Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing data was reported at 7.120 % in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 7.322 % for 2022. China GDP: % of GDP: Gross Value Added: Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing data is updated yearly, averaging 22.252 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2023, with 64 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 41.643 % in 1968 and a record low of 7.043 % in 2018. China GDP: % of GDP: Gross Value Added: Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Share of GDP. Agriculture, forestry, and fishing corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-3 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.;World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.;Weighted average;Note: Data for OECD countries are based on ISIC, revision 4.

Tax-Provision Time Series for South China Holdings Co Ltd. South China Holdings Company Limited, an investment holding company, engages in the manufacture and trading of toys, property investment and development, and agriculture and forestry businesses. The company's Trading and Manufacturing segment is involved in the manufacturing and trading of merchandises, including footwear and leather products. Its Property Investment and Development segment engages in the property investment and development activities. The company's Agriculture and Forestry segment is involved in the cultivation of fruit trees and crops; rearing of livestock and aquatic products; and forestation and sale of relevant agricultural produce. It also manufactures and trades in electronic products; manufactures and sells leather chemical and sports products; and invests in, develops, and manages properties. Further, the company is involved in the woods and crops plantation business. It operates in the People's Republic of China, the United States, Europe, Japan, and internationally. The company was formerly known as South China (China) Limited and changed its name to South China Holdings Company Limited in June 2015. South China Holdings Company Limited is headquartered in Central, Hong Kong.

Research has shown mixed findings on the link between production diversity and household dietary diversity. The question is whether this link holds for children. In this study we examine the relationship between household’s agricultural production diversity and child dietary diversity, and between production diversity and child nutritional status. Smallholder farm households (n = 1067) and children (n = 1067) aged 3–16 years from two then nationally designated poverty counties in Gansu Province of China were interviewed in 2019. Production diversity was assessed with the production richness score and production diversity score. Production diversity was calculated from agricultural production data covering a period of 12 months. Child dietary diversity was assessed with food variety score (FVS) and dietary diversity score (DDS). DDS was calculated based on 9 food groups using a 30-day recall method. Data were analysed using Poisson and Probit regression models. We find that both agricultural production richness score and revenue generated from selling agricultural products are positively associated with food variety score, with the relationship being stronger for the latter. Moreover, production diversity score is positively associated with children’s dietary diversity score whereas negatively associated with their probability of being stunted, but not with their probabilities of being wasted or zinc deficient. Household social economics status were also positively associated with child dietary diversity.

China Production Index: 2014-2016: Livestock data was reported at 109.500 2014-2016=100 in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 108.080 2014-2016=100 for 2021. China Production Index: 2014-2016: Livestock data is updated yearly, averaging 35.405 2014-2016=100 from Dec 1961 (Median) to 2022, with 62 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 109.500 2014-2016=100 in 2022 and a record low of 3.310 2014-2016=100 in 1961. China Production Index: 2014-2016: Livestock data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s China – Table CN.World Bank.WDI: Agricultural Production Index. Livestock production index includes meat and milk from all sources, dairy products such as cheese, and eggs, honey, raw silk, wool, and hides and skins.;Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.;Weighted average;

Research-and-Development Time Series for Weichai Power Co Ltd Class A. Weichai Power Co., Ltd. engages in the automobile and equipment manufacturing industry in China and internationally. The company operates through Engines, Automobiles and Auto Parts, Agricultural Equipment, and Intelligent Logistics segments. It is involved in the manufacture and sale of engine and related parts, such as truck, bus, construction machinery, industrial, and power kit engine products; commercial vehicle and auto parts products; transmission, PTO, and auto transmission gearbox products; truck, bus, and construction machinery axle; and after market products, including parts, oil, and remanufacture. The company also engages in the provision of forklift production, warehouse technology, and supply chain solution services, as well as industrial truck and services materials handling. It offers its products under the Weichai Power Engine, Fast Gear Transmission, Hande Axle, Shaanxi Automobile Heavy Truck, and Weichai Lovol Smart Agriculture brands. Weichai Power Co., Ltd. was incorporated in 2002 and is based in Weifang, the People's Republic of China.

Net-Income Time Series for Gansu Yasheng Industrial Group Co Ltd. Gansu Yasheng Industrial (Group) Co., Ltd. engages in the production, operation, and sale of agricultural products in China. It operates through four segments: Agriculture, Industry, Commerce and Trade, and Other Related Businesses. The company offers forage grass, peppers, seed corn, potatoes, potato flour, edible sunflowers, fruits, hops, spices, medicinal materials, other vegetable crops, etc. It also involved in the research and development, production, and sales of water-saving irrigation equipment, and other industrial products, as well as project planning and design, farmland construction, and agricultural technology application and supply services. In addition, the company provides crop planting, agricultural product processing, agricultural technology research and development, agricultural supplies, and commercial trade activities, as well as installation of drip irrigation projects. Gansu Yasheng Industrial (Group) Co., Ltd. was founded in 1995 and is headquartered in Lanzhou, China.

Pretax-Margin Time Series for Gansu Yasheng Industrial Group Co Ltd. Gansu Yasheng Industrial (Group) Co., Ltd. engages in the production, operation, and sale of agricultural products in China. It operates through four segments: Agriculture, Industry, Commerce and Trade, and Other Related Businesses. The company offers forage grass, peppers, seed corn, potatoes, potato flour, edible sunflowers, fruits, hops, spices, medicinal materials, other vegetable crops, etc. It also involved in the research and development, production, and sales of water-saving irrigation equipment, and other industrial products, as well as project planning and design, farmland construction, and agricultural technology application and supply services. In addition, the company provides crop planting, agricultural product processing, agricultural technology research and development, agricultural supplies, and commercial trade activities, as well as installation of drip irrigation projects. Gansu Yasheng Industrial (Group) Co., Ltd. was founded in 1995 and is headquartered in Lanzhou, China.

Hong Kong SAR (China) HK: Production Index: 2014-2016: Livestock data was reported at 149.970 2014-2016=100 in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 175.190 2014-2016=100 for 2021. Hong Kong SAR (China) HK: Production Index: 2014-2016: Livestock data is updated yearly, averaging 114.415 2014-2016=100 from Dec 1961 (Median) to 2022, with 62 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 244.620 2014-2016=100 in 2020 and a record low of 46.380 2014-2016=100 in 1994. Hong Kong SAR (China) HK: Production Index: 2014-2016: Livestock data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Hong Kong SAR (China) – Table HK.World Bank.WDI: Agricultural Production Index. Livestock production index includes meat and milk from all sources, dairy products such as cheese, and eggs, honey, raw silk, wool, and hides and skins.;Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.;Weighted average;

Retained-Earnings Time Series for Gansu Yasheng Industrial Group Co Ltd. Gansu Yasheng Industrial (Group) Co., Ltd. engages in the production, operation, and sale of agricultural products in China. It operates through four segments: Agriculture, Industry, Commerce and Trade, and Other Related Businesses. The company offers forage grass, peppers, seed corn, potatoes, potato flour, edible sunflowers, fruits, hops, spices, medicinal materials, other vegetable crops, etc. It also involved in the research and development, production, and sales of water-saving irrigation equipment, and other industrial products, as well as project planning and design, farmland construction, and agricultural technology application and supply services. In addition, the company provides crop planting, agricultural product processing, agricultural technology research and development, agricultural supplies, and commercial trade activities, as well as installation of drip irrigation projects. Gansu Yasheng Industrial (Group) Co., Ltd. was founded in 1995 and is headquartered in Lanzhou, China.

Interest-Income Time Series for Gansu Yasheng Industrial Group Co Ltd. Gansu Yasheng Industrial (Group) Co., Ltd. engages in the production, operation, and sale of agricultural products in China. It operates through four segments: Agriculture, Industry, Commerce and Trade, and Other Related Businesses. The company offers forage grass, peppers, seed corn, potatoes, potato flour, edible sunflowers, fruits, hops, spices, medicinal materials, other vegetable crops, etc. It also involved in the research and development, production, and sales of water-saving irrigation equipment, and other industrial products, as well as project planning and design, farmland construction, and agricultural technology application and supply services. In addition, the company provides crop planting, agricultural product processing, agricultural technology research and development, agricultural supplies, and commercial trade activities, as well as installation of drip irrigation projects. Gansu Yasheng Industrial (Group) Co., Ltd. was founded in 1995 and is headquartered in Lanzhou, China.

Inventory Time Series for Weichai Power Co Ltd Class A. Weichai Power Co., Ltd. engages in the automobile and equipment manufacturing industry in China and internationally. The company operates through Engines, Automobiles and Auto Parts, Agricultural Equipment, and Intelligent Logistics segments. It is involved in the manufacture and sale of engine and related parts, such as truck, bus, construction machinery, industrial, and power kit engine products; commercial vehicle and auto parts products; transmission, PTO, and auto transmission gearbox products; truck, bus, and construction machinery axle; and after market products, including parts, oil, and remanufacture. The company also engages in the provision of forklift production, warehouse technology, and supply chain solution services, as well as industrial truck and services materials handling. It offers its products under the Weichai Power Engine, Fast Gear Transmission, Hande Axle, Shaanxi Automobile Heavy Truck, and Weichai Lovol Smart Agriculture brands. Weichai Power Co., Ltd. was incorporated in 2002 and is based in Weifang, the People's Republic of China.

Tax-Provision Time Series for Weichai Power Co Ltd Class A. Weichai Power Co., Ltd. engages in the automobile and equipment manufacturing industry in China and internationally. The company operates through Engines, Automobiles and Auto Parts, Agricultural Equipment, and Intelligent Logistics segments. It is involved in the manufacture and sale of engine and related parts, such as truck, bus, construction machinery, industrial, and power kit engine products; commercial vehicle and auto parts products; transmission, PTO, and auto transmission gearbox products; truck, bus, and construction machinery axle; and after market products, including parts, oil, and remanufacture. The company also engages in the provision of forklift production, warehouse technology, and supply chain solution services, as well as industrial truck and services materials handling. It offers its products under the Weichai Power Engine, Fast Gear Transmission, Hande Axle, Shaanxi Automobile Heavy Truck, and Weichai Lovol Smart Agriculture brands. Weichai Power Co., Ltd. was incorporated in 2002 and is based in Weifang, the People's Republic of China.

Change-To-Liabilities Time Series for Weichai Power Co Ltd Class A. Weichai Power Co., Ltd. engages in the automobile and equipment manufacturing industry in China and internationally. The company operates through Engines, Automobiles and Auto Parts, Agricultural Equipment, and Intelligent Logistics segments. It is involved in the manufacture and sale of engine and related parts, such as truck, bus, construction machinery, industrial, and power kit engine products; commercial vehicle and auto parts products; transmission, PTO, and auto transmission gearbox products; truck, bus, and construction machinery axle; and after market products, including parts, oil, and remanufacture. The company also engages in the provision of forklift production, warehouse technology, and supply chain solution services, as well as industrial truck and services materials handling. It offers its products under the Weichai Power Engine, Fast Gear Transmission, Hande Axle, Shaanxi Automobile Heavy Truck, and Weichai Lovol Smart Agriculture brands. Weichai Power Co., Ltd. was incorporated in 2002 and is based in Weifang, the People's Republic of China.