Bos taurus (taurine) and Bos indicus (indicine) cattle diverged at least 150,000 years ago and, since that time, substantial genomic differences have evolved between the two lineages. During the last two millennia, genetic exchange in Africa has resulted in a complex mosaic of taurine-indicine ancestry, with most cattle populations exhibiting varying levels of admixture. Similarly, there are several Southern European cattle populations that also show evidence for historical gene flow from indicine cattle, the highest levels of which are found in the Central Italian White cattle populations. Here we use two different software tools (MOSAIC and ELAI) for local ancestry inference (LAI) with genome-wide high- and low-density SNP array data sets in hybrid African and Italian cattle populations and obtained broadly similar results despite critical differences in the two LAI methodologies used. Our analyses identified genomic regions with elevated levels of retained or introgressed ancestry fr..., Illumina® BovineHD 777K BeadChip SNP data sets generated for 39 African cattle: 8 Boran, 8 N’Dama, and 23 Somba.The Boran and N’Dama data were obtained using cattle DNA samples from a trypanosome challenge time-course experiment (O'Gorman et al., 2009) and were generated by Neogen Europe (Ayr, Scotland) using standard procedures for Illumina® SNP array genotyping.The Somba data were obtained using DNA samples previously published as part of a microsatellite-based survey of cattle genetic diversity (Freeman et al., 2004) and were generated by Weatherbys Scientific (Naas, Ireland) also using standard procedures. The samples were prepared using PLINK (v. 1.90 beta 6.25). The data are provided in the following two files: - bora-ndam-somb.ped - bora-ndam-somb.map The data are in PLINK ped and map format, see: - https://www.cog-genomics.org/plink/1.9/formats#ped - [https://www.cog-genomics.org/plink/1.9/formats#map](https://www.cog-genomic..., , # Illumina® BovineHD 777K BeadChip SNP data sets generated for 39 African cattle: 8 Boran, 8 N’Dama, and 23 Somba.

https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.w3r22810n

Illumina® BovineHD 777K BeadChip SNP data sets generated for 39 African cattle: 8 Boran, 8 N’Dama, and 23 Somba.

The Boran and N’Dama data were obtained using cattle DNA samples from a trypanosome challenge time-course experiment (O'Gorman et al., 2009) and were generated by Neogen Europe (Ayr, Scotland) using standard procedures for Illumina® SNP array genotyping.

The Somba data were obtained using DNA samples previously published as part of a microsatellite-based survey of cattle genetic diversity (Freeman et al., 2004) and were generated by Weatherbys Scientific (Naas, Ireland) also using standard procedures.

Description of the data and file structure

The data are provided in the following two files:

- bora-ndam-somb.ped

- bora-ndam-somb.map

The data are in PLINK ped and ma...

South Africa faces an epidemic of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), yet national surveillance is limited due to the lack of recent data. We used data from the first comprehensive national survey on NCDs—the South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1 (2011–2012))—to evaluate the prevalence of and health system response to diabetes through a diabetes care cascade. We defined diabetes as a Hemoglobin A1c equal to or above 6.5% or currently on treatment for diabetes. We constructed a diabetes care cascade by categorizing the population with diabetes into those who were unscreened, screened but undiagnosed, diagnosed but untreated, treated but uncontrolled, and treated and controlled. We then used multivariable logistic regression models to explore factors associated with diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes. The age-standardized prevalence of diabetes in South Africans aged 15+ was 10.1%. Prevalence rates were higher among the non-white population and among women. Among individuals with diabetes, a total of 45.4% were unscreened, 14.7% were screened but undiagnosed, 2.3% were diagnosed but untreated, 18.1% were treated but uncontrolled, and 19.4% were treated and controlled, suggesting that 80.6% of the diabetic population had unmet need for care. The diabetes care cascade revealed significant losses from lack of screening, between screening and diagnosis, and between treatment and control. These results point to significant unmet need for diabetes care in South Africa. Additionally, this analysis provides a benchmark for evaluating efforts to manage the rising burden of diabetes in South Africa.

Abstract (en): The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between truth acceptance and reconciliation among South Africans during and since the political transition from Apartheid to democracy. The study investigated the extent to which South Africans participated in the truth as promulgated by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and the degree to which they were "reconciled." The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) was based on the Promotion of National Unity and Reconciliation Act of 1995. The TRC investigated past gross human rights violations and granted amnesty to individuals in exchange for full and public disclosure of information related to these crimes. The hypothesis that truth acceptance leads to reconciliation was tested in this research. Data were collected through a rigorous and systematic survey of South Africans. Nearly all relevant segments of the South African population were included in the sample, as well as representative subsamples of at least 250 respondents of most major racial/ethnic/linguistic groups. Questions about the TRC investigated respondent awareness, knowledge, and approval of the activities of the TRC. Respondents were asked for their opinions on the effectiveness of the TRC in its efforts to provide a true and unbiased account of South Africa's history and in awarding compensation to those who suffered abuses under the Apartheid regime. Other questions about the TRC asked respondents how important it was to find out the truth about the past and achieve racial reconciliation. Demographic variables include age, marital status, education level, and employment status. Response Rates: A total of 3,727 interviews were completed. In the primary sample, 3,139 interviews were completed. The boost sample included 588 completed interviews. The overall response rate for the survey was approximately 87 percent. South African population, aged 18 and over. The area probability sample included a primary sample of South Africans of all races and a boost sample of white South Africans. Representative subsamples of at least 250 respondents of most major racial, ethnic, and linguistic groups were also included. 2005-12-15 On 2005-08-15 new files were added to one or more datasets. These files included additional setup files as well as one or more of the following: SAS program, SAS transport, SPSS portable, and Stata system files. The metadata record was revised 2005-12-15 to reflect these additions. Funding insitution(s): National Science Foundation (SES 9906576). (1) This study was conducted in collaboration with Amanda Gouws (Stellenbosch University, South Africa), Charles Villa-Vicencio (Institute for Justice and Reconciliation, Cape Town, South Africa), and Helen Macdonald (Institute for Justice and Reconciliation, Cape Town, South Africa).(2) Two weight variables are included in the dataset. One weight variable (NATWT) should be used when analysis is not conducted by race, and the other (RACEWT) should be used when conducting analyses comparing respondent race. (3) Users must cite the original NSF grant number in all materials produced from this project.