The EU Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Survey (EU LGBT) was conducted by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA). It is the first ever EU-wide online survey to establish an overview concerning the lives of lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans people (18 years or older) and their experiences with regard to fundamental rights in the 28 EU Member States. Up until now, there has been very little comparable data collected across the EU about the everyday experiences of LGBT people with respect to discrimination, and lot of the available information is limited to occasional news reports and court judgements. As the first EU-wide survey of its kind, the results support the development of equal treatment policies for LGBT people in the European Union and set the agenda for years to come. Based on the survey results, national and European policy makers, as well as non-governmental organisations, are able to better target their advocacy strategies and activities to support LGBT communities to live and express themselves freely in a non-discriminatory environment. The survey was completely anonymous (no additional data on the participants and their sessions were logged in any way). The survey data collection operated by Gallup Europe, a professional survey and consultancy firm. In order to ensure that the survey delivers evidence needed for policy making, the EU LGBT Survey counted on the participation of a large and diverse group of lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans people from each country. Hence, it was vitally important for the success of the survey that FRA and Gallup worked together with civil society organisations to reach a wide audience and raise awareness concerning the survey, including participants emailing the survey, sharing it through social media or simply inviting LGBT friends to take part. More information can be found on the FRA website The data represents a self-selected sample and not a random sample. Please see technical report for details on data collection and dissemination of survey to potential respondents. Web-based survey

In a calendar year had one or more documented CD4 or viral load tests within 30 days (1 month) of diagnosis. It is also important to note that an individual who enters care more than 30 days after diagnosis may still be included in subsequent steps of the continuum, but would not be counted as “linked to care.”

This data set contains EIIHA populations who received services funded by Ryan White Part A Grant. EIIHA is Early Identification of Individuals with HIV/AIDS (EIIHA) The special populations (EIIHA) with HIV are: Black MSM = Black men and Black transgender women who have sex with men. Latinx MSM = Latinx men and Latinx Transgender women who have sex with men. Black Women - Black women Transgender - Transgender men and women. These populations have the biggest disparities of people living with HIV. Other data is the number of clients and units used in each service category in the Ryan White Part A, a grant that provides services for those with HIV.

Selected socioeconomic characteristics of the transgender or non-binary population aged 15 and older, by age group. Marital status, presence of children under age 12 in the household, education, employment, personal income, Indigenous identity, the visible minority population, immigrant status, language(s) spoken most often at home, place of residence (population centre/rural), self-rated general health, and self-rated mental health. Estimates are obtained from combined cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey, 2019 to 2021.

This study explores the relationship between gender identity and the use of creaky voice (a non-modal phonation commonly referred to as "vocal fry.") While early research suggested that men were more likely to use creaky voice, more recently its use has been associated with the language use of young, urban, American women. This study explores the relationship between creaky voice and gender identity in American English, and investigates the social stratification of creaky voice for additional social factors like sexual orientation, age, and socioeconomic status. Production and perception data were gathered from 69 participants with a range of gender identities (including men, women, and non-binary individuals, as well as individuals who identify as both cis and trans) in 2013. The dataset contains audio files and tabular data.

A 3-D model of the three trans-Golgi cisternae and associating ER in a portion of the Golgi stack. The modeled cisternae (in cis-to-trans order) are colored rose (C5), gold (C6) and red (C7). The associating trans-ER is blue-gray. Clathrin-coated budding profiles are indicated by yellow stippling, which are present only on the red C7 cisterna. C7 produces only clathrin buds and does not produce uncoated or non-clathrin-coated buds. The model also shows that trans-ER associates, to varying degrees, with all three of the modeled cisternae. This specialized form of ER was originally termed the GERL by Alex Novikoff in 1964. The penultimate trans-cisterna is extremely reticular and a tubule extends from C6 trans- of the trans-most cisternae C7, but is not fused with the trans-most cisterna.

This folder contains all raw data underlying the results presented in a manuscript, submitted to Nucleic Acids Research, and entitled:

Trans-cis isomerization kinetics of cyanine dyes reports on the folding states of RNA G-quadruplexes in live cells

Authored by:

Akira Kitamura^2,*, Johan Tornmalm^1,*, Baris Demirbay¹, Joachim Piguet¹, Masataka Kinjo², Jerker Widengren¹⁺

¹ Experimental Biomolecular Physics, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden

² Laboratory of Molecular Cell Dynamics, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

^* Contributed equally

⁺ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: jwideng@kth.se. Tel: +46-8-7907813

The data files are grouped into the different techniques used to generate them, and refer to the figures/tables in the manuscript where the extracted results are presented.

ABSTRACT

Guanine (G)-rich nucleic acids are prone to assemble into four-stranded structures, so-called G-quadruplexes. Abnormal GGGGCC repeat elongations, and in particular their folding states, are associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Due to methodological constraints however, most studies of G quadruplex structures are restricted to in vitro conditions. Evidence of how GGGGCC repeats form into G-quadruplexes in vivo is sparse. We devised a readout strategy, exploiting the sensitivity of trans-cis isomerization of cyanine dyes to local viscosity and sterical constraints. Thereby, folding states of cyanine-labeled RNA, and in particular G-quadruplexes, can be identified in a sensitive manner. The isomerization kinetics, monitored via fluorescence blinking generated upon transitions between a fluorescent trans isomer and a non-fluorescent cis isomer, was first characterized for RNA with GGGGCC repeats in aqueous solution using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and transient state (TRAST) monitoring. With TRAST, monitoring the isomerization kinetics from how the average fluorescence intensity varies with laser excitation modulation characteristics, we could then detect folding states of fluorescently tagged RNA introduced into live cells.

This record contains raw data related to article "Myosteatosis Is Not Associated with Complications or Survival in HCC Patients Undergoing Trans Arterial Embolization" Abstract Alterations in nutritional status, in particular sarcopenia, have been extensively associated with a poor prognosis in cirrhotic patients regardless of the etiology of liver disease. Less is known about the predictive value of myosteatosis, defined as pathological fat infiltration into the skeletal muscle. We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 151 cirrhotic patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent their first trans-arterial embolization (TAE) between 1 March 2011 and 1 July 2019 at our Institution. Clinical and biochemical data were collected. Sarcopenia was assessed using the L3-SMI method while myosteatosis with a dedicated segmentation suite (3D Slicer), using a single slice at an axial plane located at L3 and calculating the IMAC (Intramuscular Adipose Tissue Content Index). The sex-specific cut-off values for defining myosteatosis were IMAC > −0.44 in males and >−0.31 in females. In our cohort, 115 (76%) patients were included in the myosteatosis group; 128 (85%) patients had a coexistent diagnosis of sarcopenia. Patients with myosteatosis were significantly older and showed higher BMI than patients without myosteatosis. In addition, male gender and alcoholic- or metabolic-related cirrhosis were most represented in the myosteatosis group. Myosteatosis was not associated with a different HCC burden, length of hospitalization, complication rate, and readmission in the first 30 days after discharge. Overall survival was not influenced by the presence of myosteatosis

Socioeconomic characteristics of the population aged 15 and older that is Two-Spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or who use other terms related to gender or sexual diversity (2SLGBTQ+), by gender, age group and geographic region. Marital status, presence of children under age 12 in the household, education, employment, personal income, Indigenous identity, the visible minority population, immigrant status, language(s) spoken most often at home, place of residence (population centre/rural), self-rated general health, and self-rated mental health. Estimates are obtained from combined cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey, 2019 to 2021.

Data collected between 2014 and 2016 from self-identified lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and queer (LGBTQ) individuals in India and the UK. This data was collected at specific workshops held in India and the UK, and via the project's website (see Related Resources).

The study used a 7 phase mixed methods design: 1. Project planning and research design, including formally establishing the advisory group and meeting 1, setting milestones and setting in place all agreements/ethical approvals 2. Literature review exploring key measures used to rate and assess LGBTQ 'friendliness'/inclusion nationally, supra-nationally and internationally 3. A spatial assessment of LGBTQ liveabilities that includes, but moves beyond, the measures identified in phase 2, applying these at a local scale e.g. policy indicators and place based cultural indicators 4. Twenty focus groups (80 participants, sample targeting marginalised LGBTQ people), coupled with online qualitative questionnaires (150), and shorter SMS text questionnaires (200)/App responses (200) to identify add to the liveability index created in phase 3 and what makes life un/liveable for a range of LGBTQ people and how this varies spatially 5. Participants in the data collection will be invited to reconfigure place through UK/India street theatre performances. These will be video recorded, edited into one short video and widely distributed. Data will be collected by observing interactions; on the spot audience surveys; reflections on the event 6. The research will analyse the data sets as they are collected. At the end of the data collection phase time will be taken to look across all 4 data sets to create a liveability index 7. Research dissemination will be targeted at community and academic audiences, including end of project conferences in India/UK, collating policy/community reports, academic outputs. The impact plan details the short (transnational support systems; empowerment of participants), medium (policy changes, inform practice) and long-term (changing perceptions of LGBTQ people) social impacts and how these will be achieved.

The main research objective is to move beyond exclusion/inclusion of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer (LGBTQ) communities in UK and India creating a liveability model that can be adapted globally. Whilst work has been done to explore the implications of Equalities legislation, including contesting the normalisations of neo-liberalisms, there has yet to be an investigation into what might make every day spaces liveable for LGBTQ people. This project addresses social exclusion, not only through identifying exclusions, but also by exploring how life might become liveable in everyday places in two very different contexts. In 2013 the Marriage (Same Sex) Act passed in the UK, and in India the Delhi High Court's reading down Indian Penal Code 377 in 2009 to decriminalize sexual acts between consenting same-sex people was overturned by the Supreme Court. Yet bullying, mental health and safety continue to be crucial to understanding British LGBTQ lives, in contrast the overturned the revoke of Penal Code 377 2013, this has resulted in increased visibilities of LGBTQ people. These different contexts are used to explore liveable lives as more than lives that are just 'bearable' and moves beyond norms of happiness and wellbeing. This research refuses to be fixed to understanding social liberations through the exclusion/inclusion, in place/out of place dichotomies. Using commonplace to move beyond 'in place' towards being common to the place itself. Place can then be shared in common as well as collectively made in ways that do not necessarily impose normative agendas/regulatory conditionalities. Social liberations are examined in the transformation of everyday encounters without conforming to hegemonies or making 'normal' our own. Whilst the focus is sexual and gender liberations, the project will enable considerations of others social differences. It will show how places produce differential liveabilities both where legislative change has been achieved and where it has just been repealed. Thus, the project offers academic and policy insights into safety, difference and vibrant and fair societies.

MIR-1K Dataset

Multimedia Information Retrieval lab, 1000 song clips, dataset for singing voice separation

Work by Chao-Ling Hsu and Prof. Jyh-Shing Roger Jang

The MIR-1K dataset is designed for the research of singing voice separation. MIR-1K contains:

1000 song clips which the music accompaniment and the singing voice are recorded at left and right channels, respectively.

Manual annotations of the dataset include pitch contours in semitone, indices and types for unvoiced frames, lyrics, and vocal/non-vocal segment.

The speech recordings of the lyrics by the same person who sang the songs are also provided in the dataset.

The undivided songs of MIR-1K are now available for downloading.

The song clip is named in the form "SingerId_SongId_ClipId". The duration of each clip ranges from 4 to 13 seconds, and the total length of the dataset is 133 minutes. These clips are extracted from 110 karaoke songs which contain a mixture track and a music accompaniment track. These songs are freely selected from 5000 Chinese pop songs and sung by our labmates of 8 females and 11 males. Most of the singers are amateur and do not have professional music training.

Labels for the unvoiced sounds

In MIR-1K, all frames of each clip are manually labeled as one of the five sound classes:

unvoiced stop

unvoiced fricative and affricate

/h/

inhaling sound

others (include voiced sound and music accompaniment)

The length and the shift of the frame are 40 ms and 20 ms, respectively.

Sound demos for the unvoiced singing voice separation

Sound Demos for Unvoiced Singing Voice Separation

Download MIR-1K dataset

http://mirlab.org/dataset/public/MIR-1K.rar

Download MIR-1K dataset for MIREX

http://mirlab.org/dataset/public/MIR-1K_for_MIREX.rar

Relevant publications

[1] Chao-Ling Hsu, DeLiang Wang, Jyh-Shing Roger Jang, and Ke Hu, “ A Tandem Algorithm for Singing Pitch Extraction and Voice Separation from Music Accompaniment,” IEEE Trans. Audio, Speech, and Language Processing, 2011 (Accepted)

[2] Chao-Ling Hsu and Jyh-Shing Roger Jang, “On the Improvement of Singing Voice Separation for Monaural Recordings Using the MIR-1K Dataset,” IEEE Trans. Audio, Speech, and Language Processing, volume 18, issue 2, p.p 310-319, 2010.

[3] Chao-Ling Hsu, DeLiang Wang, and Jyh-Shing Roger Jang, “A Trend Estimation Algorithm for Singing Pitch Detection in musical Recordings”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, Prague, Czech, Mar. 2011.

[4] Chao-Ling Hsu, Liang-Yu Chen, Jyh-Shing Roger Jang and Hsing-Ji Li, “Singing Pitch Extraction From Monaural Polyphonic Songs By Contextual Audio Modeling and Singing Harmonic Enhancement”, International Society for Music Information Retrieval, Kobe, Japan, Oct. 2009.

[5] Chao-Ling Hsu and Jyh-Shing Roger Jang, “Singing Pitch Extraction by Voice Vibrato/Tremolo Estimation and Instrument Partial Deletion”, International Society for Music Information Retrieval, Utrecht, Netherlands, Aug. 2010.

The Golgi stack is comprised of seven cisternae, but only the seventh (trans-most) cisterna displays clathrin coated budding profiles. Clathrin spikes are clearly seen on equatorial views of certain buds. When these buds are followed to the...

This dataset is about: Underway physical oceanography and carbon dioxide measurements during Trans Carrier cruise 20070827_TC2. Please consult parent dataset @ https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.811776 for more information. Cruise QC flag: A (see further details)

AbstractIn wide-ranging taxa with historically dynamic ranges, past allopatric isolation and range expansion can both influence the current structure of genetic diversity. Considering alternate historical scenarios involving expansion from either a single refugium or from multiple refugia can be useful in differentiating the effects of isolation and expansion. Here, we examined patterns of genetic variability in the trans-continentally distributed painted turtle (Chrysemys picta). We utilized an existing phylogeographic dataset for the mitochondrial control region and generated additional data from nine populations for the mitochondrial control region (n = 302) and for eleven nuclear microsatellite loci (n = 247). We created a present-day ecological niche model (ENM) for C. picta and hindcast this model to three reconstructions of historical climate to define three potential scenarios with one, two, or three refugia. Finally, we employed spatially-explicit coalescent simulations and an approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) framework to test which scenario best fit the observed genetic data. Simulations indicated that phylogeographic and multilocus population-level sampling both could differentiate among refugial scenarios, although inferences made using mitochondrial data were less accurate when a longer coalescence time was assumed. Furthermore, all empirical genetic datasets were most consistent with expansion from a single refugium based on ABC. Our results indicate a stronger role for post-glacial range expansion, rather than isolation in allopatric refugia followed by range expansion, in structuring diversity in this species. To distinguish among complex historical scenarios, we recommend explicitly modeling the effects of range expansion and evaluating alternate refugial scenarios for wide-ranging taxa. Usage notesChrysemys_allhaplotypesFiles associated with HDY-17-OR0378RR: Disentangling the effects of refusal isolation and range expansion in a trans-continentally distributed species" (Reid et al. 2018)Reid_Chrysemys_datascripts.zip

The amphi‐boreal faunal element comprises closely related species and conspecific populations with vicarious distributions in the North Atlantic and North Pacific basins. It originated from an initial trans‐Arctic dispersal in the Pliocene after the first opening of the Bering Strait, and subsequent vicariance through the Pleistocene when the passage through the Arctic was severed by glaciations and low sea levels. Opportunities for further dispersal have risen at times however, and molecular data now expose more complex patterns of inter‐oceanic affinities and dispersal histories. For a general view on the trans‐Arctic dynamics and of the roles of potential dispersal‐vicariance cycles in generating systematic diversity we produced new phylogeographic data sets for amphi‐boreal taxa in 21 genera of invertebrates and vertebrates, and combined them with similar published data sets of mitochondrial coding gene variation, adding up to 89 comparisons involving molluscs, crustaceans, echinoderms, polychaetes, fishes and mammals. Only 39% of the cases correspond with a simple history of Pliocene divergence; in most taxonomical groups, the range of divergence estimates implies connections through the entire Pliocene–Pleistocene‐Holocene time frame. Repeated inter‐oceanic exchange was inferred for 23 taxa, and the latest connection was usually post‐glacial. Such repeated invasions have usually led to secondary contacts and occasionally to widespread hybridization between the different invasion waves. Late‐ or post‐glacial exchange was inferred in 50% of the taxa, stressing the importance of the relatively recent invasions to the current diversity in the Northern Atlantic. Individual taxa also showed complex idiosyncratic patterns and histories, and several instances of cryptic speciation were recognized. In contrast to a simple inter‐oceanic vicariance scenario underlying amphi‐boreal speciation, the data expose complex patterns of reticulation and introgression that complicate the interpretation of taxon boundaries in the region.

Methods Mega project files with geographical groupings

Mitochondrial nucleotide sequence data in Mega format, with groupings used in the study to calculate genetic distances between geographical entities.

Police-reported hate crime, by type of motivation (race or ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, language, disability, sex, age), selected regions and Canada (selected police services), 2014 to 2023.

This dataset is about: Underway physical oceanography and carbon dioxide measurements during Trans Future 5 cruise PAT520170909. Please consult parent dataset @ https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.890974 for more information. Cruise QC flag: B (see further details).

Background: Studies investigating auditory perception of gender expression vary greatly in the specific terms applied to gender expression in rating scales. Purpose: This study examined the effects of different anchor terms on listeners’ auditory perceptions of gender expression in phonated and whispered speech. Additionally, token and speaker cues were examined to identify predictors of the auditory-perceptual ratings. Method: Inexperienced listeners (n = 105) completed an online rating study in which they were asked to use one of five visual analog scales (VASs) to rate cis men, cis women, and transfeminine speakers in both phonated and whispered speech. The VASs varied by anchor term (very female/very male, feminine/masculine, feminine female/masculine male, very feminine/not at all feminine, and not at all masculine/very masculine). Results: Linear mixed-effects models revealed significant two-way interactions of gender expression by anchor term and gender expression by condition. In general, the feminine female/masculine male scale resulted in the most extreme ratings (closest to the end points), and the feminine/masculine scale resulted in the most central ratings. As expected, for all speakers, whispered speech was rated more centrally than phonated speech. Additionally, ratings of phonated speech were predicted by mean fundamental frequency (fo) within each speaker group and by smoothed cepstral peak prominence in cisgender speakers. In contrast, ratings of whispered speech, which lacks an fo, were predicted by indicators of vocal tract resonance (second formant and speaker height). Conclusions: The current results indicate that differences in the terms applied to rating scales limit generalization of results across studies. Identifying the patterns across listener ratings of gender expression provide a rationale for researchers and clinicians when making choices about terms. Additionally, beyond fo and vocal tract resonance, predictors of listener ratings vary based on the anchor terms used to describe gender expression.

Supplemental Material S1. Gender and femininity/masculinity rating scales types by study.

Supplemental Material S2. Full model outputs.

Houle, B., Goudelias, D., Lerario, M. P., & Levi, S. V. (2022). Effect of anchor term on auditory-perceptual ratings of feminine and masculine speakers. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00476

The Interporalated Strontium Values dataset Ver. 2.0 consists of five (updated) KML files which consist of kriging interpolated values (ordinary kriging, 5000 m x 5000 m grid) of strontium isotopes for the southern Trans-Urals. The data provided can be used to access interpolated background values of bioavailable strontium in the area of interest. Note that a single value is not a good enough predictor and should never be used as a proxy. Always calculate a mean of 4-6 (or more) nearby values to achieve the best guess possible. Never calculate averages from a single dataset, always rely on cross-validation by comparing data from all five datasets.

Average 5000 m interpolated points.kml: this file contains averaged values of all three sample types.

Grass 5000 m interpolated points.kml: this file contains data interpolated from the grass sample dataset.

Mollusks 5000 m interpolated points.kml: this file contains data interpolated from the mollusk sample dataset.

Soil 5000 m interpolated points.kml: this file contains data interpolated from the soil sample dataset.

Water 5000 m interpolated points.kml: this file contains data interpolated from the water sample dataset.

The current version is also supplemented with GeoTiff raster files where the same interpolated values are color-coded. These files can be added to Google Earth or any GIS software together with KML files for better interpretation and comparison.

Average 5000 m interpolation raster.tif: this file contains a raster representing the averaged values of all three sample types.

Grass 5000 m interpolation raster.tif: this file contains a raster representing the data interpolated from the grass sample dataset.

Mollusks 5000 m interpolation raster.tif: this file contains a raster representing the data interpolated from the mollusk sample dataset.

Soil 5000 m interpolation raster.tif: this file contains a raster representing the data interpolated from the soil sample dataset.

Water 5000 m interpolation raster.tif: this file contains a raster representing the data interpolated from the water sample dataset

The interpolated datasets are based upon the actual measured values published as follows:

Epimakhov, Andrey; Kisileva, Daria; Chechushkov, Igor; Ankushev, Maksim; Ankusheva, Polina (2022): Strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) analysis from various sources the southern Trans-Urals. PANGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.950380

Description of the original dataset of measured strontium isotopic values:

The present dataset contains measurements of bioavailable strontium isotopes (87Sr/86Sr) gathered in the southern Trans-Urals. There are four sample types, such as wormwood (n = 103), leached soil (n = 105), water (n = 105), and freshwater mollusks (n = 82), collected to measure bioavailable strontium isotopes. The analysis of Sr isotopic composition was carried out in the cleanrooms (6 and 7 ISO classes) of the Geoanalitik shared research facilities of the Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Ekaterinburg). Mollusk shell samples preliminarily cleaned with acetic acid, as well as vegetation samples rinsed with deionized water and ashed, were dissolved by open digestion in concentrated HNO 3 with the addition of H 2 O 2 on a hotplate at 150°C. Water samples were acidified with concentrated nitric acid and filtered. To obtain aqueous leachates, pre-ground soil samples weighing 1 g were taken into polypropylene containers, 10 ml of ultrapure water was added and shaken in for 1 hour, after which they were filtered through membrane cellulose acetate filters with a pore diameter of 0.2 μm. In all samples, the strontium content was determined by ICP-MS (NexION 300S). Then the sample volume corresponding to the Sr content of 600 ng was evaporated on a hotplate at 120°C, and the precipitate was dissolved in 7M HNO 3. Sample solutions were centrifuged at 6000 rpm, and strontium was chromatographically isolated using SR resin (Triskem). The strontium isotopic composition was measured on a Neptune Plus multicollector mass spectrometer with inductively coupled plasma (MC-ICP-MS). To correct mass bias, a combination of bracketing and internal normalization according to the exponential law 88 Sr/ 86 Sr = 8.375209 was used. The results were additionally bracketed using the NIST SRM 987 strontium carbonate reference material using an average deviation from the reference value of 0.710245 for every two samples bracketed between NIST SRM 987 measurements. The long-term reproducibility of the strontium isotopic analysis was evaluated using repeated measurements of NIST SRM 987 during 2020-2022 and yielded 87 Sr/ 86 Sr = 0.71025, 2SD = 0.00012 (104 measurements in two replicates). The within-laboratory standard uncertainty (2σ) obtained for SRM-987 was ± 0.003 %.

The dataset#2 (supplementary data) contains tables, results of X-ray, images of cattle pathologies from seven Bronze Age settlements in the Southern Trans-Urals .

The article presents the results of the analysis of several types of bone pathologies of the postcranial skeleton of cows, bulls and oxen in order to identify the possible fact of working cattle exploitation. The material comes from several settlements of the steppe and forest-steppe zones of the Southern Trans-Urals of the Sintashta and Alakul cultures of the Bronze Age. The work is based on the results of studying the pathologies of modern non-working cattle in the Southern Trans-Urals. The analysis of the selected pathologies and their comparison with modern material showed that most pathologies reflect age-related changes and other factors that are not associated with the physical exploitation of bulls and oxen. Single pathologies from the Kamennyi Ambar settlement and the age of the animals from which they originate make it possible to reconstruct the working use of bulls even in the context of the complete absence of other evidence of this kind of animal exploitation. However, we cannot completely exclude the possibility that these changes may be caused not only by increased stress on the joint in the form of working exploitation. Severe pathologies on the bones of cows are not the result of working use.