United States Treasury Securities: Foreign Holder: ow Official data was reported at 4,010.100 USD bn in Sep 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4,021.200 USD bn for Aug 2018. United States Treasury Securities: Foreign Holder: ow Official data is updated monthly, averaging 2,625.500 USD bn from Mar 2000 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 223 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,178.900 USD bn in Jun 2015 and a record low of 586.900 USD bn in Jun 2001. United States Treasury Securities: Foreign Holder: ow Official data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Department of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.Z050: Major Foreign Holders of US Treasury Securities. Treasury Securities: Foreign Holder: ow Official [id: 211964002] pertains to the treasury holdings of securities by foreign official institutions only. Treasury Securities: Foreign Holder [id: 64588201] also includes, though not reported, treasury securities holding by international and regional organizations and other private foreigners.

ESG debt instruments, including green bonds, social bonds, sustainability bonds, and sustainability-linked bonds, are fixed-income securities designed to sustain or improve the condition of the environment or society or governance practices. Green Bonds are fixed income instruments where the proceeds will be exclusively directed to finance or re-finance, in part or in full, new and/or existing green projects. Social bonds have use of proceeds that are dedicated to projects with positive social outcomes. Sustainability bonds have a mix of green and social use of proceeds. Sustainability linked bonds (SLB) are financial instruments where financial and structural characteristics are linked to achieving performance objectives that improve the condition of the environment or society. SLBs are not use-of proceed bonds. They typically include key performance indicators which are structurally connected to the issuer’s goal achievement. Sources: LSEG. Accessed on 2025-02-24; IMF staff calculations. Category: Climate Finance Data series:  The following data series are available by debt instruments: ESG Bond Issuances ESG Bond Outstanding ESG Bond Issuances by Type of Issuers ESG Bond Issuances by Country Cumulative ESG Bond Issuances by Type of Currency Cumulative Green Bond Issuances by Use of Proceeds Cumulative Social Bond Issuances by Use of Proceeds Cumulative Sustainability Bond Issuances by Use of Proceeds Sovereign Green Bond Issuances Metadata:  The source dataset is based on LSEG (formerly Refinitiv), which contain bond-by-bond issuances for Green Bonds, Social Bonds, Sustainability Bonds, and Sustainability-Linked Bonds starting from 2006 to 2024. Bonds by type encompass investment grade, high-yield, and not-rated bonds, commercial papers, certificates of deposit, and sukuks. By issuer type, bonds encompass government, corporate, agency, non-US munis, and other gov/supra bonds. Methodology:  The data are aggregated by country of incorporations, use of proceeds, type of currency and type of issuers (nonfinancial corporations, other financial corporations, banks, state owned entities, sovereign, state and local governments and international organizations). Sovereign green bonds are green bonds issued by central governments and central banks. Compilation of the indicator is based on the methodology used by London Stock Exchange Group, and divergences may be observed when compared to data from other providers.