In order to analyse specific features of data papers, we established a representative sample of data journals, based on lists from the European FOSTER Plus project , the German wiki forschungsdaten.org hosted by the University of Konstanz and two French research organizations.The complete list consists of 82 data journals, i.e. journals which publish data papers. They represent less than 0,5% of academic and scholarly journals. For each of these 82 data journals, we gathered information about the discipline, the global business model, the publisher, peer reviewing etc. The analysis is partly based on data from ProQuest’s Ulrichsweb database, enriched and completed by information available on the journals’ home pages.One part of the data journals are presented as “pure” data journals stricto sensu , i.e. journals which publish exclusively or mainly data papers. We identified 28 journals of this category (34%). For each journal, we assessed through direct search on the journals’ homepages (information about the journal, author’s guidelines etc.) the use of identifiers and metadata, the mode of selection and the business model, and we assessed different parameters of the data papers themselves, such as length, structure, linking etc.The results of this analysis are compared with other research journals (“mixed” data journals) which publish data papers along with regular research articles, in order to identify possible differences between both journal categories, on the level of data papers as well as on the level of the regular research papers. Moreover, the results are discussed against concepts of knowledge organization.

This document describes a dataset that aggregates information about 135 data journals.
Data journals focus on the publication of data papers -- a specialized publication type describing datasets, their collection and reuse potential that is peer-reviewed, citable and indexed.
This dataset includes a comprehensive list of data journals that was compiled by aggregating existing sources, as well as an overview of these sources.

The list is continually updated on GitHub, where additional information on data journals (URLs of data journal homepages) is provided: https://github.com/MaxiKi/data-journals

The journals’ author guidelines and/or editorial policies were examined on whether they take a stance with regard to the availability of the underlying data of the submitted article. The mere explicated possibility of providing supplementary material along with the submitted article was not considered as a research data policy in the present study. Furthermore, the present article excluded source codes or algorithms from the scope of the paper and thus policies related to them are not included in the analysis of the present article.

For selection of journals within the field of neurosciences, Clarivate Analytics’ InCites Journal Citation Reports database was searched using categories of neurosciences and neuroimaging. From the results, journals with the 40 highest Impact Factor (for the year 2017) indicators were extracted for scrutiny of research data policies. Respectively, the selection journals within the field of physics was created by performing a similar search with the categories of physics, applied; physics, atomic, molecular & chemical; physics, condensed matter; physics, fluids & plasmas; physics, mathematical; physics, multidisciplinary; physics, nuclear and physics, particles & fields. From the results, journals with the 40 highest Impact Factor indicators were again extracted for scrutiny. Similarly, the 40 journals representing the field of operations research were extracted by using the search category of operations research and management.

Journal-specific data policies were sought from journal specific websites providing journal specific author guidelines or editorial policies. Within the present study, the examination of journal data policies was done in May 2019. The primary data source was journal-specific author guidelines. If journal guidelines explicitly linked to the publisher’s general policy with regard to research data, these were used in the analyses of the present article. If journal-specific research data policy, or lack of, was inconsistent with the publisher’s general policies, the journal-specific policies and guidelines were prioritized and used in the present article’s data. If journals’ author guidelines were not openly available online due to, e.g., accepting submissions on an invite-only basis, the journal was not included in the data of the present article. Also journals that exclusively publish review articles were excluded and replaced with the journal having the next highest Impact Factor indicator so that each set representing the three field of sciences consisted of 40 journals. The final data thus consisted of 120 journals in total.

‘Public deposition’ refers to a scenario where researcher deposits data to a public repository and thus gives the administrative role of the data to the receiving repository. ‘Scientific sharing’ refers to a scenario where researcher administers his or her data locally and by request provides it to interested reader. Note that none of the journals examined in the present article required that all data types underlying a submitted work should be deposited into a public data repositories. However, some journals required public deposition of data of specific types. Within the journal research data policies examined in the present article, these data types are well presented by the Springer Nature policy on “Availability of data, materials, code and protocols” (Springer Nature, 2018), that is, DNA and RNA data; protein sequences and DNA and RNA sequencing data; genetic polymorphisms data; linked phenotype and genotype data; gene expression microarray data; proteomics data; macromolecular structures and crystallographic data for small molecules. Furthermore, the registration of clinical trials in a public repository was also considered as a data type in this study. The term specific data types used in the custom coding framework of the present study thus refers to both life sciences data and public registration of clinical trials. These data types have community-endorsed public repositories where deposition was most often mandated within the journals’ research data policies.

The term ‘location’ refers to whether the journal’s data policy provides suggestions or requirements for the repositories or services used to share the underlying data of the submitted works. A mere general reference to ‘public repositories’ was not considered a location suggestion, but only references to individual repositories and services. The category of ‘immediate release of data’ examines whether the journals’ research data policy addresses the timing of publication of the underlying data of submitted works. Note that even though the journals may only encourage public deposition of the data, the editorial processes could be set up so that it leads to either publication of the research data or the research data metadata in conjunction to publishing of the submitted work.

The Exhibit of Datasets was an experimental project with the aim of providing concise introductions to research datasets in the humanities and social sciences deposited in a trusted repository and thus made accessible for the long term. The Exhibit consists of so-called 'showcases', short webpages summarizing and supplementing the corresponding data papers, published in the Research Data Journal for the Humanities and Social Sciences. The showcase is a quick introduction to such a dataset, a bit longer than an abstract, with illustrations, interactive graphs and other multimedia (if available). As a rule it also offers the option to get acquainted with the data itself, through an interactive online spreadsheet, a data sample or link to the online database of a research project. Usually, access to these datasets requires several time consuming actions, such as downloading data, installing the appropriate software and correctly uploading the data into these programs. This makes it difficult for interested parties to quickly assess the possibilities for reuse in other projects.

The Exhibit aimed to help visitors of the website to get the right information at a glance by: - Attracting attention to (recently) acquired deposits: showing why data are interesting. - Providing a concise overview of the dataset's scope and research background; more details are to be found, for example, in the associated data paper in the Research Data Journal (RDJ). - Bringing together references to the location of the dataset and to more detailed information elsewhere, such as the project website of the data producers. - Allowing visitors to explore (a sample of) the data without downloading and installing associated software at first (see below). - Publishing related multimedia content, such as videos, animated maps, slideshows etc., which are currently difficult to include in online journals as RDJ. - Making it easier to review the dataset. The Exhibit would also have been the right place to publish these reviews in the same way as a webshop publishes consumer reviews of a product, but this could not yet be achieved within the limited duration of the project.

Note (1) The text of the showcase is a summary of the corresponding data paper in RDJ, and as such a compilation made by the Exhibit editor. In some cases a section 'Quick start in Reusing Data' is added, whose text is written entirely by the editor. (2) Various hyperlinks such as those to pages within the Exhibit website will no longer work. The interactive Zoho spreadsheets are also no longer available because this facility has been discontinued.

This dataset contains data collected during a study ("Towards High-Value Datasets determination for data-driven development: a systematic literature review") conducted by Anastasija Nikiforova (University of Tartu), Nina Rizun, Magdalena Ciesielska (Gdańsk University of Technology), Charalampos Alexopoulos (University of the Aegean) and Andrea Miletič (University of Zagreb)
It being made public both to act as supplementary data for "Towards High-Value Datasets determination for data-driven development: a systematic literature review" paper (pre-print is available in Open Access here -> https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.10234) and in order for other researchers to use these data in their own work.

The protocol is intended for the Systematic Literature review on the topic of High-value Datasets with the aim to gather information on how the topic of High-value datasets (HVD) and their determination has been reflected in the literature over the years and what has been found by these studies to date, incl. the indicators used in them, involved stakeholders, data-related aspects, and frameworks. The data in this dataset were collected in the result of the SLR over Scopus, Web of Science, and Digital Government Research library (DGRL) in 2023.

***Methodology***

To understand how HVD determination has been reflected in the literature over the years and what has been found by these studies to date, all relevant literature covering this topic has been studied. To this end, the SLR was carried out to by searching digital libraries covered by Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), Digital Government Research library (DGRL).

These databases were queried for keywords ("open data" OR "open government data") AND ("high-value data*" OR "high value data*"), which were applied to the article title, keywords, and abstract to limit the number of papers to those, where these objects were primary research objects rather than mentioned in the body, e.g., as a future work. After deduplication, 11 articles were found unique and were further checked for relevance. As a result, a total of 9 articles were further examined. Each study was independently examined by at least two authors.

To attain the objective of our study, we developed the protocol, where the information on each selected study was collected in four categories: (1) descriptive information, (2) approach- and research design- related information, (3) quality-related information, (4) HVD determination-related information.

***Test procedure***
Each study was independently examined by at least two authors, where after the in-depth examination of the full-text of the article, the structured protocol has been filled for each study.
The structure of the survey is available in the supplementary file available (see Protocol_HVD_SLR.odt, Protocol_HVD_SLR.docx)
The data collected for each study by two researchers were then synthesized in one final version by the third researcher.

***Description of the data in this data set***

Protocol_HVD_SLR provides the structure of the protocol
Spreadsheets #1 provides the filled protocol for relevant studies.
Spreadsheet#2 provides the list of results after the search over three indexing databases, i.e. before filtering out irrelevant studies

The information on each selected study was collected in four categories:
(1) descriptive information,
(2) approach- and research design- related information,
(3) quality-related information,
(4) HVD determination-related information

Descriptive information
1) Article number - a study number, corresponding to the study number assigned in an Excel worksheet
2) Complete reference - the complete source information to refer to the study
3) Year of publication - the year in which the study was published
4) Journal article / conference paper / book chapter - the type of the paper -{journal article, conference paper, book chapter}
5) DOI / Website- a link to the website where the study can be found
6) Number of citations - the number of citations of the article in Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science
7) Availability in OA - availability of an article in the Open Access
8) Keywords - keywords of the paper as indicated by the authors
9) Relevance for this study - what is the relevance level of the article for this study? {high / medium / low}

Approach- and research design-related information
10) Objective / RQ - the research objective / aim, established research questions
11) Research method (including unit of analysis) - the methods used to collect data, including the unit of analy-sis (country, organisation, specific unit that has been ana-lysed, e.g., the number of use-cases, scope of the SLR etc.)
12) Contributions - the contributions of the study
13) Method - whether the study uses a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods approach?
14) Availability of the underlying research data- whether there is a reference to the publicly available underly-ing research data e.g., transcriptions of interviews, collected data, or explanation why these data are not shared?
15) Period under investigation - period (or moment) in which the study was conducted
16) Use of theory / theoretical concepts / approaches - does the study mention any theory / theoretical concepts / approaches? If any theory is mentioned, how is theory used in the study?

Quality- and relevance- related information
17) Quality concerns - whether there are any quality concerns (e.g., limited infor-mation about the research methods used)?
18) Primary research object - is the HVD a primary research object in the study? (primary - the paper is focused around the HVD determination, sec-ondary - mentioned but not studied (e.g., as part of discus-sion, future work etc.))

HVD determination-related information
19) HVD definition and type of value - how is the HVD defined in the article and / or any other equivalent term?
20) HVD indicators - what are the indicators to identify HVD? How were they identified? (components & relationships, “input -> output")
21) A framework for HVD determination - is there a framework presented for HVD identification? What components does it consist of and what are the rela-tionships between these components? (detailed description)
22) Stakeholders and their roles - what stakeholders or actors does HVD determination in-volve? What are their roles?
23) Data - what data do HVD cover?
24) Level (if relevant) - what is the level of the HVD determination covered in the article? (e.g., city, regional, national, international)

***Format of the file***
.xls, .csv (for the first spreadsheet only), .odt, .docx

***Licenses or restrictions***
CC-BY

For more info, see README.txt

Background
An understanding of the resources which engineering students use to write their academic papers provides information about student behaviour as well as the effectiveness of information literacy programs designed for engineering students. One of the most informative sources of information which can be used to determine the nature of the material that students use is the bibliography at the end of the students’ papers. While reference list analysis has been utilised in other disciplines, few studies have focussed on engineering students or used the results to improve the effectiveness of information literacy programs. Gadd, Baldwin and Norris (2010) found that civil engineering students undertaking a finalyear research project cited journal articles more than other types of material, followed by books and reports, with web sites ranked fourth. Several studies, however, have shown that in their first year at least, most students prefer to use Internet search engines (Ellis & Salisbury, 2004; Wilkes & Gurney, 2009).

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to find out exactly what resources undergraduate students studying civil engineering at La Trobe University were using, and in particular, the extent to which students were utilising the scholarly resources paid for by the library. A secondary purpose of the research was to ascertain whether information literacy sessions delivered to those students had any influence on the resources used, and to investigate ways in which the information literacy component of the unit can be improved to encourage students to make better use of the resources purchased by the Library to support their research.

DESIGN/METHOD
The study examined student bibliographies for three civil engineering group projects at the Bendigo Campus of La Trobe University over a two-year period, including two first-year units (CIV1EP – Engineering Practice) and one-second year unit (CIV2GR – Engineering Group Research). All units included a mandatory library session at the start of the project where student groups were required to meet with the relevant faculty librarian for guidance. In each case, the Faculty Librarian highlighted specific resources relevant to the topic, including books, e-books, video recordings, websites and internet documents. The students were also shown tips for searching the Library catalogue, Google Scholar, LibSearch (the LTU Library’s research and discovery tool) and ProQuest Central. Subject-specific databases for civil engineering and science were also referred to. After the final reports for each project had been submitted and assessed, the Faculty Librarian contacted the lecturer responsible for the unit, requesting copies of the student bibliographies for each group. References for each bibliography were then entered into EndNote. The Faculty Librarian grouped them according to various facets, including the name of the unit and the group within the unit; the material type of the item being referenced; and whether the item required a Library subscription to access it. A total of 58 references were collated for the 2010 CIV1EP unit; 237 references for the 2010 CIV2GR unit; and 225 references for the 2011 CIV1EP unit.

INTERIM FINDINGS
The initial findings showed that student bibliographies for the three group projects were primarily made up of freely available internet resources which required no library subscription. For the 2010 CIV1EP unit, all 58 resources used were freely available on the Internet. For the 2011 CIV1EP unit, 28 of the 225 resources used (12.44%) required a Library subscription or purchase for access, while the second-year students (CIV2GR) used a greater variety of resources, with 71 of the 237 resources used (29.96%) requiring a Library subscription or purchase for access. The results suggest that the library sessions had little or no influence on the 2010 CIV1EP group, but the sessions may have assisted students in the 2011 CIV1EP and 2010 CIV2GR groups to find books, journal articles and conference papers, which were all represented in their bibliographies

FURTHER RESEARCH
The next step in the research is to investigate ways to increase the representation of scholarly references (found by resources other than Google) in student bibliographies. It is anticipated that such a change would lead to an overall improvement in the quality of the student papers. One way of achieving this would be to make it mandatory for students to include a specified number of journal articles, conference papers, or scholarly books in their bibliographies. It is also anticipated that embedding La Trobe University’s Inquiry/Research Quiz (IRQ) using a constructively aligned approach will further enhance the students’ research skills and increase their ability to find suitable scholarly material which relates to their topic. This has already been done successfully (Salisbury, Yager, & Kirkman, 2012)

CONCLUSIONS & CHALLENGES
The study shows that most students rely heavily on the free Internet for information. Students don’t naturally use Library databases or scholarly resources such as Google Scholar to find information, without encouragement from their teachers, tutors and/or librarians. It is acknowledged that the use of scholarly resources doesn’t automatically lead to a high quality paper. Resources must be used appropriately and students also need to have the skills to identify and synthesise key findings in the existing literature and relate these to their own paper. Ideally, students should be able to see the benefit of using scholarly resources in their papers, and continue to seek these out even when it’s not a specific assessment requirement, though it can’t be assumed that this will be the outcome.

REFERENCES

Ellis, J., & Salisbury, F. (2004). Information literacy milestones: building upon the prior knowledge of first-year students. Australian Library Journal, 53(4), 383-396.

Gadd, E., Baldwin, A., & Norris, M. (2010). The citation behaviour of civil engineering students. Journal of Information Literacy, 4(2), 37-49.

Salisbury, F., Yager, Z., & Kirkman, L. (2012). Embedding Inquiry/Research: Moving from a minimalist model to constructive alignment. Paper presented at the 15th International First Year in Higher Education Conference, Brisbane. Retrieved from http://www.fyhe.com.au/past_papers/papers12/Papers/11A.pdf

Wilkes, J., & Gurney, L. J. (2009). Perceptions and applications of information literacy by first year applied science students. Australian Academic & Research Libraries, 40(3), 159-171.

The dataset contains bibliographic information about scientific articles published by researchers from Norwegian research organizations and is an enhanced subset of data from the Cristin database. Cristin (current research information system in Norway) is a database with bibliographic records of all research articles with an Norwegian affiliation with a publicly funded research institution in Norway. The subset is limited to metadata about journal articles reported in the period 2013-2021 (186,621 records), and further limited to information of relevance for the study (see below). Article metadata are enhanced with open access status by several sources, particularly unpaywall, DOAJ and hybrid-information in case an article is part of a publish-and-read-deal.

This dataset was used for the research article "Open research data: a case study into institutional and infrastructural arrangements to stimulate open research data sharing and reuse", published in the Journal of Librarianship & Information Science.

The data entails:

1. Coded interview transcripts, available as either .atlproj9- or .qdpx-file
2. Non-coded interview transcripts of interviews 1-4 (policy makers and support staff), available as either .docx- or .xml-file
3. Non-coded interview transcripts of interviews 5-7 (researchers), available as either .docx- or .xml-file
4. Codebook, available as either .xlsx- or .csv-file

The file contents per item are in principle the same; only the filetype differs.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

This project drew its inspiration from what was felt to be a growth in the number of investigations combining qualitative and quantitative research. Enthusiasm for and use of multi-strategy research was running ahead of what was known about how it is employed in practice and what its benefits might be. Thus, it was felt at the start of the project that the time was ripe for an examination of multi-strategy research in practice.

The project's objectives were to: