Breakdown of country-specific strong membership (2010–2022) [GDP, OLD, UH, DOC, P].

Thresholds of outcome and conditions for calibration.

This dataset compromises all country data included in the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (IGME) database (https://childmortality.org/data, downloaded June 2019).

It includes:

Reference area: name of the country

Indicator: child mortality indicator (neonatal mortality, infant mortality, under-5 mortality and mortality rate age 5 to 14)

Sex: sex of the child (male, female and total)

Series name: name of survey/census/VR [note: UN IGME estimates, i.e. not source data, are identified as "UN IGME estimate" in this field]

Series year: year of survey/census/VR series

Observation value: value of indicator from survey/census/VR

Observation status: indicates whether the data point is included or excluded for estimation [status of "normal" indicates UN IGME estimate, i.e. not source data]

Series Category: category of survey/census/VR, and can be:

DHS [Demographic and Health Survey]

MIS [Malaria Indicator Survey]

AIS [AIDS Indicator Survey]

Interim DHS

Special DHS

NDHS [National DHS]

WFS [World Fertility Survey]

MICS [Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey]

NMICS [National MICS]

RHS [Reproductive Health Survey]

PAP [Pan Arab Project for Child or Pan Arab Project for Family Health or Gulf Famly Health Survey]

LSMS [Living Standard Measurement Survey]

Panel [Dual record, multiround/follow-up survey and longitudinal/panel survey]

Census

VR [Vital Registration]

SVR [Sample Vital Registration]

Others [e.g. Life Tables]

Series type: the type of calculation method used to derive the indicator value (direct, indirect, household deaths, life table and vital records)

Standard error: sampling standard error of the observation value

Series method: data collection method, and can be:

Survey/census with Full Birth Histories

Survey/census with Summary Birth Histories

Survey/census with Household death

Vital Registration

Other

Lower and upper bound: the lower and upper bounds of 90% uncertainty interval of UN IGME estimates (for estimates only, i.e., not source data).

The dataset is used in the following paper:

Ezbakhe, F. and Pérez-Foguet, A. (2019) Levels and trends in child mortality: a compositional approach. Demographic Research (Under Review)

Functional bowel and bladder disorders are prevalent among children. In 2019 our research group launched the BABITT study (Bowel and Bladder function in Infant Toilet Training), a randomized intervention study to investigate whether introduction to assisted infant toilet training reduces the prevalence of functional bowel and bladder disorders in children up to 4 years of age. Diagnostic criteria for gastrointestinal disorders are defined by the ROME Foundation, while the International Children’s Continence Society (ICCS) provides definitions of functional bladder disorders. Preceding the larger ongoing BABITT study, the aim of this present observational study is to construct, assess content validity and evaluate feasibility of a questionnaire for parent report.MethodsA web-based questionnaire was developed in three consecutive steps. In Step 1, the questionnaire was outlined based on literature review and expert panel discussions. In Step 2, the questionnaire was validated for relevance and simplicity by content validity index (CVI) using 4-point Likert scales. With dichotomized data, an index level ≥ 0.78 was considered as acceptable. In Step 3, the respondent burden was analysed and a pilot phase allowed for evaluation of feasibility in the clinical study setting.ResultsIn Step 1, the Rome IV criteria and ICCS frameworks were selected for items comprising the primary outcomes in the BABITT study. After the final assessment round in Step 2, the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) was excellent, ranging from 0.88 to 1.00 in most items, in all domains, for both relevance and simplicity. In the pilot phase Step 3, the response rate was 95% and the parents’ acceptance of replying to the questionnaire was satisfactory.ConclusionA web-based questionnaire was developed to evaluate parent-reported bladder and bowel function in children who are introduced to assisted infant toilet training. The BABITT questionnaire emerged as valid and feasible in its context.

The EMOS weather station was initially installed during May 2002. Data became available on-line through our website in June 2002. An additional 4 component radiation sensor was added in late July 2005 together with a new data logger (CR23X) to accommodate extra input channels. The humidity sensor was also replaced. Data from 2002 through 2005 are unavailable and this data set starts at 2006. The station is based on a 10 meter, standard MSC tilting tower, located in front of the Tate McKenzie building (on traffic circle #5), and serves as a real-time data collector of meteorological information for the York campus. The station collects averaged data on wind speed, wind direction, temperature and humidity, 4 radiation components, precipitation amounts and soil temperature. Averages of these parameters are transmitted at 5 min intervals and displayed on the EATS website: https://www.yorku.ca/pat/weatherStation/index.php. For ease in lowering and raising the tower, counterweights are used to balance the weight of the instruments and of the tower itself on a pivot point. This allows instruments to be easily added, replaced or repaired. An R.M.Young wind monitor is located at 10 m (the highest point on the tower) and relays wind direction and speed. Two T-type thermocouples (copper/constantan) measure the temperature difference between 9.5 m and 1.5 m. Other temperature sensors include a soil temperature sensor, located just below the surface, a temperature/humidity sensor at 1.5 m, and a thermistor placed within the data logger, also at 1.5 m. At a height of 4.5 m, a tipping bucket rain gauge measures the amount of rainfall. It is mounted approximately 30 cm away from the tower so as to minimize the effects of rain shadow. A CNR1 radiometer measures up-welling and down-welling solar and terrestrial (infra-red) radiation components and (in some time segments but not currently) a Sonic ranger measured snow depth. Excluding the wind monitor, which is sampled at 1 Hz, the instruments are sampled once per minute. The solar panel, placed at 2.5 m, serves as the power source for the data logger. The data logger collects the information from these instruments, and then averages over 5 minute intervals. This information is interrogated by a computer located in the Petrie Science building, which automatically updates the website, displaying the information in real-time. The software used to collect data is Campbell Scientific PC208W version 3.3. It collects data from the tower in ten-minute intervals. These data are then manipulated by a FORTRAN program. The program creates a data file of all entries from 0h UTC of the current day. UTC (Universal Time Coordinate = GMT) is four hours ahead of EDT (Eastern Daylight Time), used in summer, and five hours ahead of EST (Eastern Standard Time), used in winter. Another data file is created in order to update the latest conditions section of the website. Finally, at the end of every day (UTC), the file containing all information from 0h UTC gets archived as graphs on the website are created using GNU plot.

Positive results for FilmArray ME panel in study.

Patient characteristics and outcomes for 3 subgroups analysed.

Characteristics of raters in the content validity assessment (Step 2).