The Children in low-income families' local area statistics (CiLIF), provides information on the number and proportion of children living in Absolute low income by local area across the United Kingdom.The summary Statistical Release and tables which also show the proportions of children living in low income families are available here: Children in low income families: local area statistics - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)Statistics on the number of children in low income families by financial year are published on Stat-Xplore. Figures are calibrated to the Households Below Average Income (HBAI) survey regional estimates of children in low income but provide more granular local area information not available from the HBAI, for example by Local Authority, Westminster Parliamentary Constituency and Ward.Absolute low-income is defined as a family in low income Before Housing Costs (BHC) in the reference year in comparison with incomes in 2010/11. A family must have claimed Child Benefit and at least one other household benefit (Universal Credit, tax credits, or Housing Benefit) at any point in the year to be classed as low income in these statistics. Gross income measure is Before Housing Costs (BHC) and includes contributions from earnings, state support and pensions.

Statistical disclosure control has been applied with Stat-Xplore, which guards against the identification of an individual claimant.

FOCUSON**LONDON**2011:**POVERTY**:THE**HIDDEN**CITY

One of the defining features of London is that it is a city of contrasts. Although it is considered one of the richest cities in the world, over a million Londoners are living in relative poverty, even before the additional costs of living in the capital are considered.

This edition of Focus on London, authored by Rachel Leeser, presents a detailed analysis of poverty in London that reveals the scale and distribution of poverty in the capital.

REPORT:

Read the full report as a PDF.

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PRESENTATION:

What do we mean by living in poverty, and how does the model affect different types of families? This interactive presentation provides some clarity on a complex concept.

CHARTS:

The motion chart shows the relationship between child poverty and worklessness at borough level, and shows how these two measures have changed since 2006. It reveals a significant reduction in workless households in Hackney (down 12 per cent), and to a lesser extent in Brent (down 7 per cent).

The bar chart shows child poverty rates and the change in child poverty since 2006. It reveals that while Tower Hamlets has the highest rate of child poverty, it also has one of the fastest falling rates (down 12 per cent), though Haringey had the biggest fall (15 per cent).

Charts

DATA:

All the data contained within the Poverty: The Hidden City report as well as the data used to create the charts and maps can be accessed in this spreadsheet.

FACTS:

Some interesting facts from the data…

● Highest proportion of children in workless households, by borough, 2010

1. Westminster – 35.6%
2. Barking and Dagenham – 33.6%
3. Lewisham – 33.1%
4. Newham – 31.4%
5. Islington – 30.6%

-31. Barnet – 9.1%

-32. Richmond upon Thames – 7.0%

● Changes in proportions of workless households, 2006-09, by borough

1. Hackney – down 12.3%
2. Brent – down 7.3%
3. Tower Hamlets – down 4.8%
4. Lambeth – down 4.2%
5. Hillingdon – down 4.1%

-31. Enfield – up 5.8%

-32. Bexley – up 7.3%

● Highest reduction in rates of child poverty 2006-09, by borough:

1. Haringey – down 15.0%
2. Newham – down 12.9%
3. Hackney – down 12.8%
4. Tower Hamlets – down 12.1%
5. Southwark – down 11.5%

-31. Bexley – up 6.0%

-32. Havering – up 10.3%

As of 2022,/23 approximately 11.4 million people were living in relative poverty in the United Kingdom, with that number increasing to over 14.3 million when housing costs are considered.

United Kingdom UK: Poverty Headcount Ratio at $5.50 a Day: 2011 PPP: % of Population data was reported at 0.700 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.500 % for 2014. United Kingdom UK: Poverty Headcount Ratio at $5.50 a Day: 2011 PPP: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 0.700 % from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2015, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.200 % in 2004 and a record low of 0.400 % in 2012. United Kingdom UK: Poverty Headcount Ratio at $5.50 a Day: 2011 PPP: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.World Bank: Poverty. Poverty headcount ratio at $5.50 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $5.50 a day at 2011 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.; ; World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm).; ; The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than one thousand six hundred household surveys across 164 countries in six regions and 25 other high income countries (industrialized economies). While income distribution data are published for all countries with data available, poverty data are published for low- and middle-income countries and countries eligible to receive loans from the World Bank (such as Chile) and recently graduated countries (such as Estonia) only. The aggregated numbers for low- and middle-income countries correspond to the totals of 6 regions in PovcalNet, which include low- and middle-income countries and countries eligible to receive loans from the World Bank (such as Chile) and recently graduated countries (such as Estonia). See PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/WhatIsNew.aspx) for definitions of geographical regions and industrialized countries.

The English Housing Survey (EHS ) Fuel Poverty Datasets are comprised of fuel poverty variables derived from the EHS, and a number of EHS variables commonly used in fuel poverty reporting. The EHS is a continuous national survey commissioned by the Ministry of Housing, Community and Local Government (MHCLG) that collects information about people's housing circumstances and the condition and energy efficiency of housing in England.

End User Licence and Special Licence Versions
Similar to the main EHS, two versions of the Fuel Poverty dataset are available from 2014 onwards. The Special Licence version contains additional, more detailed, variables, and is therefore subject to more restrictive access conditions. Users should check the End User Licence version first to see whether it meeds their needs, before making an application for the Special Licence version.

The English Housing Survey, 2004: Fuel Poverty Dataset is derived from the 2004 EHS database created by the DCLG. This database is constructed from fieldwork carried out between April 2003 and March 2005. The midpoint of this period is April 2004, which can be considered as the reference date for the fuel poverty dataset. Guidance on use of EHS data provided by DCLG should also be applied to the fuel poverty dataset. The dataset is the outcome of analysis conducted to produce estimates of the number of households living in fuel poverty in England in 2004. Previously, a household was defined as being fuel poor if they spent more than 10% of their income on fuel.

These fuel poverty risk indicators provide users with a nuanced picture of the impact of various risk factors, exacerbating factors and indicators for fuel poverty. It was developed with the Assembly Health and Public Services Committee in their investigation into fuel poverty in London. The Committee's report explains how the tool could be used strategically to help organisations target specific wards that are at high risk of fuel poverty. Appendix 4 in the report set out the rationale for the risk factors present in the tool.

Users can adjust the weighting of the indicators to show their relative significance. Isolating specific indicators could help organisations determine what type of support is likely to have greatest impact in an area. For example, wards with a low score for cavity wall insulation would indicate wards that could be targeted for promoting uptake of cavity wall insulation.

Read Victoria Borwick's blog "Using public data to tackle fuel poverty - can you help?"

The fuel poverty scores measure risk of fuel poverty based on 12 indicators. The England and Wales average each year is 0. Scores below 0 are more likely to be at risk from fuel poverty according to these measures.

The indicators are:

**Housing **
Dwellings without central heating
Cavity walls that are uninsulated
Lofts with less than 150mm insulation

**Health **
Health Deprivation & Disability domain (ID2010)
Standardised Mortality Ratio
Incapacity Benefit claimant rate

**Older people **
People aged 60 and over
Older people claiming pension credit

**Worklessness **
Unemployment

Poverty
Income Support claimant rate
Child Poverty rates
Households classified 'fuel poor'

The Excel tool includes a ward map, charts and rankings.

Note: Users must enable macros when prompted upon opening the spreadsheet (or reset security to medium/low) for the map to function. The rest of the tool will function without macros.

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Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. The objectives of the Poverty and Social Exclusion in Northern Ireland, 2002-2003 (PSENI) study were threefold. Firstly, the study aimed to provide a number of different measures of poverty and social exclusion which could be periodically updated. Secondly, it aimed to provide data on the extent to which poverty and social exclusion varied across the dimensions specified in Section 75 of the Northern Ireland Act, 1998. Finally, it aimed to compare poverty levels in Northern Ireland with the results of similar research in Great Britain and the Republic of Ireland. The research comprised two stages. The first stage explored what people in Northern Ireland considered to be basic necessities, and was conducted via a module fielded in the Northern Ireland Omnibus Survey (the UK Data Archive (UKDA) does not currently hold that series). The second stage of the PSENI project involved a large survey of a representative sample of Northern Ireland households. Main Topics: The dataset includes the Omnibus module conducted as the first stage of the research, and household and individual data from the second stage. The Omnibus file contains data from questions intended to identify what respondents classed as basic necessities. The household and individual surveys collected a range of demographic and social information, and measured the number of households lacking those items identified as necessities in the Omnibus module.

United Kingdom UK: Poverty Gap at $5.50 a Day: 2011 PPP: % data was reported at 0.300 % in 2015. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.300 % for 2014. United Kingdom UK: Poverty Gap at $5.50 a Day: 2011 PPP: % data is updated yearly, averaging 0.300 % from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2015, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.600 % in 2005 and a record low of 0.200 % in 2013. United Kingdom UK: Poverty Gap at $5.50 a Day: 2011 PPP: % data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Poverty gap at $5.50 a day (2011 PPP) is the mean shortfall in income or consumption from the poverty line $5.50 a day (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence.; ; World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm).; ; The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than one thousand six hundred household surveys across 164 countries in six regions and 25 other high income countries (industrialized economies). While income distribution data are published for all countries with data available, poverty data are published for low- and middle-income countries and countries eligible to receive loans from the World Bank (such as Chile) and recently graduated countries (such as Estonia) only. The aggregated numbers for low- and middle-income countries correspond to the totals of 6 regions in PovcalNet, which include low- and middle-income countries and countries eligible to receive loans from the World Bank (such as Chile) and recently graduated countries (such as Estonia). See PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/WhatIsNew.aspx) for definitions of geographical regions and industrialized countries.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The English Housing Survey (EHS ) Fuel Poverty Datasets are comprised of fuel poverty variables derived from the EHS, and a number of EHS variables commonly used in fuel poverty reporting. The EHS is a continuous national survey commissioned by the Ministry of Housing, Community and Local Government (MHCLG) that collects information about people's housing circumstances and the condition and energy efficiency of housing in England.

End User Licence and Special Licence Versions
Similar to the main EHS, two versions of the Fuel Poverty dataset are available from 2014 onwards. The Special Licence version contains additional, more detailed, variables, and is therefore subject to more restrictive access conditions. Users should check the End User Licence version first to see whether it meeds their needs, before making an application for the Special Licence version.

Fuel Poverty Statistics, 2016

Fuel Poverty Energy Efficiency Rating (FPEER) figures for 2016 are based on improved RdSAP assumptions, introduced in November 2017. Users are therefore advised that there will be a step-change between 2016 data and data published in previous years. Please see section Chapter 1 of the fuel poverty publication for further information on RdSAP changes: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/annual-fuel-poverty-statistics-report-2018.

The fuel poverty dataset is comprised of fuel poverty variables derived from the English Housing Survey (EHS), and a number of EHS variables commonly used in fuel poverty reporting. The fieldwork for the EHS is carried out each financial year (between April and March). The fuel poverty datasets combine data from two consecutive financial years. The midpoint of this period is April 2016, which can be considered as the reference date for the fuel poverty dataset. Guidance on use of EHS data provided by DCLG should also be applied to the fuel poverty dataset. Full information on the EHS survey is available at the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) EHS website. Fuel Poverty Statistics are also available from gov.uk.

Further information on fuel poverty and the EHS can be sought from FuelPoverty@beis.gov.uk and ehs@communities.gov.uk respectively. Guidance on use of EHS data provided by MHCLG should also be applied to the fuel poverty dataset.

The majority of fuel poverty variables are included in the dataset deposited at the UK Data Archive under the standard End User Licence (SN 8393). To comply with the data disclosure control guidance issued by the Government Statistical Service, supplementary fuel poverty variables are released under this Special Licence version, which is subject to more restrictive access conditions (see Access section below). Users are advised to obtain SN 8393 to see whether it is suitable for their needs before making an application for the Special Licence version.

Besides the information contained in SN 8393, the Special Licence dataset also includes the following: more detailed income information, the amount of energy (kWh/year) used for space heating, water heating, cooking, light and appliances, as well as the annual cost for each of these, the Building Research Establishment Domestic Energy Model (BREDEM) floor area and the boiler efficiency after control adjustment. More information about the extra variables can be found in the Fuel Poverty Special Licence Dataset Documentation.

Main Topics:

The data cover modelled household fuel costs and consumption. See documentation for further details.

United Kingdom UK: Increase in Poverty Gap at $1.90: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: USD data was reported at 0.000 USD in 2013. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD for 2010. United Kingdom UK: Increase in Poverty Gap at $1.90: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: USD data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2013, with 6 observations. United Kingdom UK: Increase in Poverty Gap at $1.90: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Increase in poverty gap at $1.90 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure, expressed in US dollars (2011 PPP); ; Wagstaff et al. Progress on Impoverishing Health Spending: Results for 122 Countries. A Retrospective Observational Study, Lancet Global Health 2017.; Weighted average;

In 2023, the around 11.1 percent of the population was living below the national poverty line in the United States. Poverty in the United StatesAs shown in the statistic above, the poverty rate among all people living in the United States has shifted within the last 15 years. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) defines poverty as follows: “Absolute poverty measures poverty in relation to the amount of money necessary to meet basic needs such as food, clothing, and shelter. The concept of absolute poverty is not concerned with broader quality of life issues or with the overall level of inequality in society.” The poverty rate in the United States varies widely across different ethnic groups. American Indians and Alaska Natives are the ethnic group with the most people living in poverty in 2022, with about 25 percent of the population earning an income below the poverty line. In comparison to that, only 8.6 percent of the White (non-Hispanic) population and the Asian population were living below the poverty line in 2022. Children are one of the most poverty endangered population groups in the U.S. between 1990 and 2022. Child poverty peaked in 1993 with 22.7 percent of children living in poverty in that year in the United States. Between 2000 and 2010, the child poverty rate in the United States was increasing every year; however,this rate was down to 15 percent in 2022. The number of people living in poverty in the U.S. varies from state to state. Compared to California, where about 4.44 million people were living in poverty in 2022, the state of Minnesota had about 429,000 people living in poverty.

United Kingdom UK: Number of People Pushed Below the $3.10: Poverty Line by Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP data was reported at 0.000 Person in 2013. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 Person for 2010. United Kingdom UK: Number of People Pushed Below the $3.10: Poverty Line by Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 Person from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2013, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 Person in 2013 and a record low of 0.000 Person in 2013. United Kingdom UK: Number of People Pushed Below the $3.10: Poverty Line by Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Number of people pushed below the $3.10 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line by out-of-pocket health care expenditure; ; Wagstaff et al. Progress on Impoverishing Health Spending: Results for 122 Countries. A Retrospective Observational Study, Lancet Global Health 2017.; Sum;

The English Housing Survey (EHS ) Fuel Poverty Datasets are comprised of fuel poverty variables derived from the EHS, and a number of EHS variables commonly used in fuel poverty reporting. The EHS is a continuous national survey commissioned by the Ministry of Housing, Community and Local Government (MHCLG) that collects information about people's housing circumstances and the condition and energy efficiency of housing in England.

End User Licence and Special Licence Versions
Similar to the main EHS, two versions of the Fuel Poverty dataset are available from 2014 onwards. The Special Licence version contains additional, more detailed, variables, and is therefore subject to more restrictive access conditions. Users should check the End User Licence version first to see whether it meeds their needs, before making an application for the Special Licence version.

The English Housing Survey, 2014: Fuel Poverty Dataset: Special Licence Access is derived from the 2014 EHS database created by the DCLG. This database is constructed from fieldwork carried out between April 2013 and March 2015. The midpoint of this period is April 2014, which can be considered as the reference date for the fuel poverty dataset. Guidance on use of EHS data provided by DCLG should also be applied to the fuel poverty dataset. The dataset is the outcome of analysis conducted to produce estimates of the number of households living in fuel poverty in England in 2014.

The majority of fuel poverty variables are included in the dataset deposited at the UK Data Archive under the standard End User Licence (SN 8048). To comply with the data disclosure control guidance issued by the Government Statistical Service, supplementary fuel poverty variables are released under this Special Licence version, which is subject to more restrictive access conditions (see Access section below). Users are advised to obtain SN 8048 to see whether it is suitable for their needs before making an application for the Special Licence version.

Latest Edition Information
For the second edition (August 2017), the variable WallType has been updated. This change is connected to the recent changes to wall insulation variables in the corresponding Housing Stock data – further information can be found with study number 8068, English Housing Survey, 2014: Housing Stock Data: Special Licence Access.

Out of all OECD countries, Cost Rica had the highest poverty rate as of 2022, at over 20 percent. The country with the second highest poverty rate was the United States, with 18 percent. On the other end of the scale, Czechia had the lowest poverty rate at 6.4 percent, followed by Denmark.

The significance of the OECD

The OECD, or the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, was founded in 1948 and is made up of 38 member countries. It seeks to improve the economic and social well-being of countries and their populations. The OECD looks at issues that impact people’s everyday lives and proposes policies that can help to improve the quality of life.

Poverty in the United States

In 2022, there were nearly 38 million people living below the poverty line in the U.S.. About one fourth of the Native American population lived in poverty in 2022, the most out of any ethnicity. In addition, the rate was higher among young women than young men. It is clear that poverty in the United States is a complex, multi-faceted issue that affects millions of people and is even more complex to solve.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The English Housing Survey (EHS ) Fuel Poverty Datasets are comprised of fuel poverty variables derived from the EHS, and a number of EHS variables commonly used in fuel poverty reporting. The EHS is a continuous national survey commissioned by the Ministry of Housing, Community and Local Government (MHCLG) that collects information about people's housing circumstances and the condition and energy efficiency of housing in England.

End User Licence and Special Licence Versions
Similar to the main EHS, two versions of the Fuel Poverty dataset are available from 2014 onwards. The Special Licence version contains additional, more detailed, variables, and is therefore subject to more restrictive access conditions. Users should check the End User Licence version first to see whether it meeds their needs, before making an application for the Special Licence version.

The English Housing Survey, 2011: Fuel Poverty Dataset is derived from the 2011 EHS database created by the DCLG. This database is constructed from fieldwork carried out between April 2010 and March 2012. The midpoint of this period is April 2011, which can be considered as the reference date for the fuel poverty dataset. Guidance on use of EHS data provided by DCLG should also be applied to the fuel poverty dataset. The dataset is the outcome of analysis conducted to produce estimates of the number of households living in fuel poverty in England in 2011. Previously, a household was defined as being fuel poor if they spent more than 10% of their income on fuel.


Main Topics:

The data cover modelled household fuel costs and consumption. See documentation for further details.

United Kingdom UK: Proportion of Population Pushed Below the $1.90: Poverty Line by Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % data was reported at 0.000 % in 2013. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 % for 2010. United Kingdom UK: Proportion of Population Pushed Below the $1.90: Poverty Line by Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2013, with 6 observations. United Kingdom UK: Proportion of Population Pushed Below the $1.90: Poverty Line by Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: % data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.World Bank: Poverty. Proportion of population pushed below the $1.90 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line by out-of-pocket health care expenditure, expressed as a percentage of a total population of a country; ; Wagstaff et al. Progress on Impoverishing Health Spending: Results for 122 Countries. A Retrospective Observational Study, Lancet Global Health 2017.; Weighted Average;

United Kingdom UK: Number of People Spending More Than 10% of Household Consumption or Income on Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure data was reported at 1,050,000.000 Person in 2013. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1,086,000.000 Person for 2010. United Kingdom UK: Number of People Spending More Than 10% of Household Consumption or Income on Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure data is updated yearly, averaging 1,131,000.000 Person from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2013, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,224,000.000 Person in 2005 and a record low of 474,000.000 Person in 1999. United Kingdom UK: Number of People Spending More Than 10% of Household Consumption or Income on Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Number of people spending more than 10% of household consumption or income on out-of-pocket health care expenditure; ; Wagstaff et al. Progress on catastrophic health spending: results for 133 countries. A retrospective observational study, Lancet Global Health 2017.; Sum;

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The Great Britain Historical Database has been assembled as part of the ongoing Great Britain Historical GIS Project. The project aims to trace the emergence of the north-south divide in Britain and to provide a synoptic view of the human geography of Britain at sub-county scales. Further information about the project is available on A Vision of Britain webpages, where users can browse the database's documentation system online.

These data were originally published by the Board of Supervision for the Relief of the Poor in Scotland, later renamed the Local Government Board for Scotland. They were computerised by the Great Britain Historical GIS Project. They form part of the Great Britain Historical Database, which contains a wide range of geographically-located statistics, selected to trace the emergence of the north-south divide in Britain and to provide a synoptic view of the human geography of Britain, generally at sub-county scales.

This study contains Scottish poor law statistics, generally by parish, from 1845 to 1915, plus some limited data from 1931. From 1845 to 1889 they provide a single annual count of paupers, usually on the 14th of May. From 1890 to 1915 three counts are provided, for January, May and either August or September. The data classify recipients of poor relief by reason for relief (casual, sane, lunatic, vagrant) and by gender/age (aged male, aged female, children).

Please note: this study does not include information on named individuals and would therefore not be useful for personal family history research.

Main Topics:

All variables are counts of categories of paupers, except for the total population of each area, from the census.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The Family Resources Survey (FRS) has been running continuously since 1992 to meet the information needs of the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP). It is almost wholly funded by DWP.

The FRS collects information from a large, and representative sample of private households in the United Kingdom (prior to 2002, it covered Great Britain only). The interview year runs from April to March.

The focus of the survey is on income, and how much comes from the many possible sources (such as employee earnings, self-employed earnings or profits from businesses, and dividends; individual pensions; state benefits, including Universal Credit and the State Pension; and other sources such as savings and investments). Specific items of expenditure, such as rent or mortgage, Council Tax and water bills, are also covered.

Many other topics are covered and the dataset has a very wide range of personal characteristics, at the adult or child, family and then household levels. These include education, caring, childcare and disability. The dataset also captures material deprivation, household food security and (new for 2021/22) household food bank usage.

The FRS is a national statistic whose results are published on the gov.uk website. It is also possible to create your own tables from FRS data, using DWP’s Stat Xplore tool. Further information can be found on the gov.uk Family Resources Survey webpage.

Secure Access FRS data
The Secure Access version of the FRS contains unrounded data and additional variables, and is available from 2005/06 onwards. Prospective users of the Secure Access version of the FRS must fulfil additional requirements beyond those associated with the EUL datasets.

FRS, HBAI and PI
The FRS underpins the related Households Below Average Income (HBAI) dataset, which focuses on poverty in the UK, and the related Pensioners' Incomes (PI) dataset. The Secure Access versions are held under SNs 7196 and 9257. The EUL versions of HBAI and PI are held under SNs 5828 and 8503.

Secure Access FRS contents
The Secure Access version of the FRS contains unrounded data and a small number of extra variables that are not available on the standard EUL versions. A full listing of additional variables for the current year is available in the document '9256_frs

FRS and the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic had a notable impact on FRS 2020-21, with after-effects also on the 2021-22 survey year. The FRS team published a technical report for the 2020-21 survey to give a full assessment of the impact of the pandemic on the statistics. In line with the Statistics Code of Practice. This is designed to assist users with interpreting the data and to aid transparency over decisions and data quality issues.

Documentation
The Documentation section includes files for the latest year of the FRS only, due to available space. Documentation for previous years is provided alongside the data for access and is also available upon request.

Main Topics:

Household characteristics (age, family composition, tenure); some spending, with housing (rent or details of mortgage); household bills including Council Tax, buildings and contents insurance, water and sewerage rates.

Receipt of state support from all state benefits, including Universal Credit and Tax Credits; educational level and grants and loans; children in education; care, both those receiving care and those caring for others; childcare; occupation, employment, self-employment and earnings/wage details, including director dividend if received; income tax payments and refunds; National Insurance contributions; pension contributions; earnings from odd jobs. Doctors and dentists are separately identified from 2021-22.

Health and disability, restrictions on work, children's health; income from personal or occupational/company pension schemes; other income from savings and investments, trusts, royalties or allowances, and other sources; children's earnings.

Material deprivation, household food security (from 2019-20) and household food bank usage (from 2021-22).