About the dataset This dataset uses information from the DWP benefit system to provide estimates of children living in poverty for wards in London. In order to be counted in this dataset, a family must have claimed Child Benefit and at least one other household benefit (Universal Credit, tax credits or Housing Benefit) during the year. The numbers are calibrated to the Households Below Average Income (HBAI) dataset used to provide the government's headline poverty statistics. The definition of relative low income is living in a household with equivalised* income before housing costs (BHC) below 60% of contemporary national median income. The income measure includes contributions from earnings, state support and pensions. Further detail on the estimates of dependent children living in relative low income, including alternative geographical breakdowns and additional variables, such as age of children, family type and work status are available from DWP's statistical tabulation tool Stat-Xplore. Minor adjustments to the data have been applied to guard against the identification of individual claimants. This dataset replaced the DWP children in out-of-work benefit households and HMRC children in low income families local measure releases. This dataset includes estimates for all wards in London of numbers of dependent children living in relative low income families for each financial year from 2014/15 to the latest available (2022/23). The figures for the latest year are provisional and are subject to minor revision when the next dataset is released by DWP. Headlines Number of children The number of dependent children living in relative low income across London, rose from below 310,000 in the financial year ending 2015 to over 420,000 in the financial year ending 2020, but has decreased since then to below 350,000, which is well below the number for financial year ending 2018. While many wards in London have followed a similar pattern, the numbers of children in low income families in some wards have fallen more sharply, while the numbers in other wards have continued to grow. Proportion of children in each London ward Ward population sizes vary across London, the age profile of that population also varies and both the size and make-up of the population can change over time, so in order to make more meaningful comparisons between wards or over time, DWP have also published rates, though see note below regarding caution when using these figures. A dependent child is anyone aged under 16; or aged 16 to 19 in full-time non-advanced education or in unwaged government training. Ward level estimates for the total number of dependent children are not available, so percentages cannot be derived. Ward level estimates for the percentage of children under 16 living in low income families are usually published by DWP but, in its latest release, ward-level population estimates were not available at the time, so no rates were published. To derive the rates in this dataset, the GLA has used the ONS's latest ward-level population estimates (official statistics in development). Percentages for 2021/22 are calculated using the 2021 mid year estimates, while percentages for 2022/23 are calculated using the 2022 mid year estimates. As these are official statistics in development, rates therefore need to be treated with some caution. Notes *equivalised income is adjusted for household size and composition in order to compare living standards between households of different types.

This is the proportion of children aged under 16 (0-15) living in families in absolute low income during the year. The figures are based on the count of children aged under 16 (0-15) living in the area derived from ONS mid-year population estimates. The count of children refers to the age of the child at 30 June of each year.

Low income is a family whose equivalised income is below 60 per cent of median household incomes. Gross income measure is Before Housing Costs (BHC) and includes contributions from earnings, state support, and pensions. Equivalisation adjusts incomes for household size and composition, taking an adult couple with no children as the reference point. For example, the process of equivalisation would adjust the income of a single person upwards, so their income can be compared directly to the standard of living for a couple.

Absolute low income is income Before Housing Costs (BHC) in the reference year in comparison with incomes in 2010/11 adjusted for inflation. A family must have claimed one or more of Universal Credit, Tax Credits, or Housing Benefit at any point in the year to be classed as low income in these statistics. Children are dependent individuals aged under 16; or aged 16 to 19 in full-time non-advanced education. The count of children refers to the age of the child at 31 March of each year.

Data are calibrated to the Households Below Average Income (HBAI) survey regional estimates of children in low income but provide more granular local area information not available from the HBAI. For further information and methodology on the construction of these statistics, visit this link. Totals may not sum due to rounding.Data is Powered by LG Inform Plus and automatically checked for new data on the 4th of each month.

Publication concentrating on low-income dynamics. It shows trends in relation to individuals who are persistently observed as living in low-income households and presents transition rates. https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/income-dynamics-statistics Source agency: Work and Pensions Designation: National Statistics Language: English Alternative title: Low Income Dynamics

The Children in low-income families' local area statistics (CiLIF), provides information on the number and proportion of children living in Absolute low income by local area across the United Kingdom.The summary Statistical Release and tables which also show the proportions of children living in low income families are available here: Children in low income families: local area statistics - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)Statistics on the number of children in low income families by financial year are published on Stat-Xplore. Figures are calibrated to the Households Below Average Income (HBAI) survey regional estimates of children in low income but provide more granular local area information not available from the HBAI, for example by Local Authority, Westminster Parliamentary Constituency and Ward.Absolute low-income is defined as a family in low income Before Housing Costs (BHC) in the reference year in comparison with incomes in 2010/11. A family must have claimed Child Benefit and at least one other household benefit (Universal Credit, tax credits, or Housing Benefit) at any point in the year to be classed as low income in these statistics. Gross income measure is Before Housing Costs (BHC) and includes contributions from earnings, state support and pensions. Statistical disclosure control has been applied with Stat-Xplore, which guards against the identification of an individual claimant.

Households Below Average Income anonymised UK Data Archive End User Licence. The data is used to produce the latest annual estimates of the percentage of children, working-age adults and pensioners living in relative and absolute low income, together with statistics on children living in combined low income and material deprivation, and pensioners living in material deprivation, in 2011/12. Historic data are available. For general information : https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-work-pensions/series/households-below-average-income-hbai--2

The number of children who lived in households where a parent or guardian claims an out-of-work benefit. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/children-in-low-income-families-local-area-statistics-201415-to-201819 Source agency: Work and Pensions Designation: Experimental Official Statistics Language: English Alternative title: CiLIF

This dataset shows official annual experimental statistics for numbers and percentages of Children age under 16 living in Relative and Absolute low income families, by Local Authority District and Ward. More detailed data breakdowns (such as Age of Child, Family Type and Work Status, plus data for other small area geographies and trend data), are available at the Source link. Percentages are calculated by dividing the number of children age 0-15 living in low income families by resident children age 0-15 from mid-year population estimates. The latest data is marked P for Provisional and is subject to future revision. Data source: Department for Work and Pensions and HM Revenue and Customs. Updates are according to government statistics releases. For more information about this data and its methodology, please see the Source link.

Numbers and percentages of children in poverty for Borough and London Wards (at 31 August each year).
This Children in Low-Income Families Local Measure shows the proportion of children living in families in receipt of out-of-work (means-tested) benefits or in receipt of tax credits where their reported income is less than 60 per cent of UK median income.

This measure provides a broad proxy for relative low income child poverty as set out in the Child Poverty Act 2010, and enables analysis at a local level. Statistics are published at various levels of geography providing an annual snapshot as at 31 August from 2006 onwards. The definitive national measure of relative child poverty as set out in the Child Poverty Act 2010, is contained in the DWP Households Below Average Income (HBAI) publication series.

Children in families in receipt of CTC (<60% median income) or IS/JSA: Number of children living in families in receipt of Child Tax Credit whose reported income is less than 60 per cent of the median income or in receipt of Income Support or Income-Based Jobseekers Allowance.

For National Statistics data on child poverty at Region, please refer to the Department of Work and Pensions' Households Below Average Income publication which uses the relative child poverty measure as set out in the Child Poverty Act 2010. The small area estimates are not directly comparable with the national figures. The publication can be found on the DWP website: https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/households-below-average-income-hbai--2

More information, including Lower Super Outper Area data from HMRC.

Data for years 2006 to 2010 in the HMRC archive.

Annual estimates of paid hours worked and earnings for UK employees by sex, and full-time and part-time, by home-based region to local and unitary authority level.

The dataset contains details on Households with Children in financial deprivation before housing costs (BHC) and after housing costs (AHC) by Middle Super output area. This dataset paints a more detailed picture of low income households with children taking into account the varied cost of housing across Leicester.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.The DSS/PSI Programme of Research into Low-Income Families (PRILIF) studied low-income families with dependent children. The study was conducted by the Department of Social Security (DSS) (now the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)), and the Policy Studies Institute (PSI). The PRILIF series began in 1991, when a nationally-representative survey of low-income families was undertaken to study the effects of Family Credit on labour market opportunities. The series finished in 2001, and comprised seven waves, deposited at the UK Data Archive (UKDA) in three parts:DSS/PSI Programme of Research into Low-Income Families, 1991-1995 (held under SN 3977)DSS/PSI Programme of Research into Low-Income Families, 1996 and 1998 (SN 4425)DSS/PSI Programme of Research into Low-Income Families, 2001 (SN 5406)The PRILIF series examined five main policy issues:how lone parents could improve their incomes, combining paid work, benefits and maintenance paymentsthe effectiveness of child supportthe failure of some families to claim their benefit entitlementthe persistent dfficulties experienced by some families, especially the lowest paid couples, in maintaining themselves in paid jobsthe wider effects of the use of income-tested in-work benefits on incentives to workThe main focus of the research was on families on the margins of work and concerned the influence of different sources of income (benefits, maintenance and earnings) on their labour market participation and family welfare. A similar survey series, the Families and Children Study (held under SN 4427), is also conducted by the DWP. More information on the PRILIF study, including details of publications, may be found on the PSI web site.

The summary Statistical Release and tables which also show the proportions of children living in low income families are available here: Children in low income families: local area statistics - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)Statistics on the number of children (by age) in low income families by financial year are published on Stat-Xplore. Figures are calibrated to the Households Below Average Income (HBAI) survey regional estimates of children in low income but provide more granular local area information not available from the HBAI, for example by Local Authority, Westminster Parliamentary Constituency and Ward. Relative low-income is defined as a family in low income Before Housing Costs (BHC) in the reference year. A family must have claimed Child Benefit and at least one other household benefit (Universal Credit, tax credits, or Housing Benefit) at any point in the year to be classed as low income in these statistics. Gross income measure is Before Housing Costs (BHC) and includes contributions from earnings, state support and pensions.

These interactive energy equity indicators are designed to help identify opportunities to improve access to clean energy technologies for low-income customers and disadvantaged communities; increase clean energy investment in those communities; and improve community resilience to grid outages and extreme events. A summary report of these indicators will be updated each year to track progress on implementation of the recommendations put forth by the Energy Commission’s December 2016 Low-Income Barriers Study mandated by Senate Bill 350 (de León, Chapter547, Statutes of 2015), and monitor performance of state-administered clean energy programs in low-income and disadvantaged communities across the state.Selected energy equity indicators are highlighted on the following California map. The base map highlights areas with median household income of $37,000 or less (60 percent of statewide median income for 2011-2015) and disadvantaged communities eligible for greenhouse gas reduction fund programs. The map also identifies tribal areas. Click to view data for low-income areas with low energy efficiency investments, low solar capacity per capita, or low clean vehicle rebate incentive investments. Additional data layers include high-density low-income areas and low-income areas that have many older buildings, as well as counties with high levels of asthma-related emergency room visit. This information can help identify opportunities for improving clean energy access, investment, and resilience in low-income and disadvantaged communities in California. Additional indicators are available by clicking on the Story Map or Tracking Progress Report links provided above.

HMRC statistics used in Households Below Average Income statistics and gives local (LA) results.

Focus group interviews were conducted between November and December 2010 in five different locations, including in each of the four territories comprising the UK: Bristol, Cardiff, London, Glasgow and Belfast. Separate group interviews were conducted amongst low income samples (5 groups), non-low income samples (5 groups), and mixed income samples (4 groups). These groups were also stratified by household type (11 groups) and minority ethnic status (3 groups).

The Children in Low-Income Families Local Measure shows the proportion of children living in families in receipt of out-of-work (means-tested) benefits or in receipt of tax credits where their reported income is less than 60% of UK median income.

This collection consists of 54 qualitative interviews conducted in Northern Ireland in 2012 as part of the Poverty and Social Exclusion in the UK study (PSE UK). The interviews provide in-depth information about experiences and coping strategies of families living on a low income. The ESRC has funded a major research project into Poverty and Social Exclusion in the UK. This project is a collaboration between the University of Bristol, University of Glasgow, Heriot-Watt University, Open University, Queen’s University (Belfast), University of York, National Centre for Social Research and the Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. The project commences in April 2010 and will run for three-and-a-half years. The primary purpose is to advance the 'state of the art' of the theory and practice of poverty and social exclusion measurement. In order to improve current measurement methodologies, the research will develop and repeat the 1999 Poverty and Social Exclusion Survey. This research will produce information of immediate and direct interest to policy makers, academics and the general public. It will provide a rigorous and detailed independent assessment on progress towards the UK Government's target of eradicating child poverty. Objectives This research has three main objectives: To improve the measurement of poverty, deprivation, social exclusion and standard of living To assess changes in poverty and social exclusion in the UK *To conduct policy-relevant analyses of poverty and social exclusion Further information Contact: Prof David Gordon Email: Dave.Gordon@bristol.ac.uk Telephone: 0117 9546761 Website: www.poverty.ac.uk The initial sampling frame was based on respondents from the Family Resources Survey (FRS) in 2009/2010 who had given their permission to be re-contacted by another research organisation and who had answered suitable screening questions (low household income calculated on the basis of household income below 60 per cent of the median and a household with at least one dependent child (aged up to 16 years or 19 if in full time education)). The FRS uses a stratified random sample drawn from the Land and Property Services Agency’s (LPSA) list of domestic addresses. A random sample gives each person an equal chance of being included in the sample. LPSA addresses are sorted by district council and ward, so the sample is effectively stratified geographically. The sample size for the FRS in Northern Ireland is 3,600 households. The overall response rate for Northern Ireland FRS in 2009/2010 was 65 per cent (DSD, 2010). Respondents who agreed to be re-contacted formed the basis of the sampling frame for the qualitative study. A total of 90 respondents matched the study criteria. A £15 shopping voucher was offered as an incentive to each respondent that took part in the study. Following the mail shot and one follow-up contact either in person or by phone call, a total of 14 interviews were achieved from this sampling method (16 per cent). The original method had to be abandoned due to the low response rate and the voluntary and community sector were approached for help with recruitment. That way, potential interviewees could be assured of our impartiality by a trusted intermediary. In total, a further 40 respondents were recruited, bringing the total study sample to 54. Three interviews were carried out but the respondent did not match the criteria (interview 7, 47, 50) – in all cases the respondent did not have a dependent child living at home. These interviews are not included in the overall analysis. This brought the final sample size to 51.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.The English Housing Survey (EHS ) Fuel Poverty Datasets are comprised of fuel poverty variables derived from the EHS, and a number of EHS variables commonly used in fuel poverty reporting. The EHS is a continuous national survey commissioned by the Ministry of Housing, Community and Local Government (MHCLG) that collects information about people's housing circumstances and the condition and energy efficiency of housing in England. End User Licence and Special Licence Versions Similar to the main EHS, two versions of the Fuel Poverty dataset are available from 2014 onwards. The Special Licence version contains additional, more detailed, variables, and is therefore subject to more restrictive access conditions. Users should check the End User Licence version first to see whether it meeds their needs, before making an application for the Special Licence version. Secondary modelling of EHS to derive fuel poverty income and energy consumption variables, The main fuel poverty metric in England is Low Income Low Energy Efficiency (LILEE) and fuel poverty gap. Multi-stage stratified random sample Face-to-face interview