Rank, number of deaths, percentage of deaths, and age-specific mortality rates for the leading causes of death, by age group and sex, 2000 to most recent year.

Number of deaths and age-specific mortality rates for selected grouped causes, by age group and sex, 2000 to most recent year.

NOTE. RRfem, Relative risk for females compared with males; CI, confidence interval; χ2, chi-squared.aStatistics presented exclude deaths with undetermined cause (n = 174); of 238 NCD deaths, 13 ‘other’ NCDs are excluded from main cause of death analysis.bCD, communicable diseases (HIV, TB, malaria, other common infections).cHIV/TB is the combination of all deaths diagnosed with either TB or HIV as the cause of death.dSignificantly higher proportion of deaths in males, inverse RRmales presented [in brackets].

Number of deaths and mortality rates, by age group, sex, and place of residence, 1991 to most recent year.

EMSIndicators:The number of individual patients administered naloxone by EMSThe number of naloxone administrations by EMSThe rate of EMS calls involving naloxone administrations per 10,000 residentsData Source:The Vermont Statewide Incident Reporting Network (SIREN) is a comprehensive electronic prehospital patient care data collection, analysis, and reporting system. EMS reporting serves several important functions, including legal documentation, quality improvement initiatives, billing, and evaluation of individual and agency performance measures.Law Enforcement Indicators:The Number of law enforcement responses to accidental opioid-related non-fatal overdosesData Source:The Drug Monitoring Initiative (DMI) was established by the Vermont Intelligence Center (VIC) in an effort to combat the opioid epidemic in Vermont. It serves as a repository of drug data for Vermont and manages overdose and seizure databases. Notes:Overdose data provided in this dashboard are derived from multiple sources and should be considered preliminary and therefore subject to change. Overdoses included are those that Vermont law enforcement responded to. Law enforcement personnel do not respond to every overdose, and therefore, the numbers in this report are not representative of all overdoses in the state. The overdoses included are limited to those that are suspected to have been caused, at least in part, by opioids. Inclusion is based on law enforcement's perception and representation in Records Management Systems (RMS). All Vermont law enforcement agencies are represented, with the exception of Norwich Police Department, Hartford Police Department, and Windsor Police Department, due to RMS access. Questions regarding this dataset can be directed to the Vermont Intelligence Center at dps.vicdrugs@vermont.gov.Overdoses Indicators:The number of accidental and undetermined opioid-related deathsThe number of accidental and undetermined opioid-related deaths with cocaine involvementThe percent of accidental and undetermined opioid-related deaths with cocaine involvementThe rate of accidental and undetermined opioid-related deathsThe rate of heroin nonfatal overdose per 10,000 ED visitsThe rate of opioid nonfatal overdose per 10,000 ED visitsThe rate of stimulant nonfatal overdose per 10,000 ED visitsData Source:Vermont requires towns to report all births, marriages, and deaths. These records, particularly birth and death records are used to study and monitor the health of a population. Deaths are reported via the Electronic Death Registration System. Vermont publishes annual Vital Statistics reports.The Electronic Surveillance System for the Early Notification of Community-based Epidemics (ESSENCE) captures and analyzes recent Emergency Department visit data for trends and signals of abnormal activity that may indicate the occurrence of significant public health events.Population Health Indicators:The percent of adolescents in grades 6-8 who used marijuana in the past 30 daysThe percent of adolescents in grades 9-12 who used marijuana in the past 30 daysThe percent of adolescents in grades 9-12 who drank any alcohol in the past 30 daysThe percent of adolescents in grades 9-12 who binge drank in the past 30 daysThe percent of adolescents in grades 9-12 who misused any prescription medications in the past 30 daysThe percent of adults who consumed alcohol in the past 30 daysThe percent of adults who binge drank in the past 30 daysThe percent of adults who used marijuana in the past 30 daysData Sources:The Vermont Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) is part of a national school-based surveillance system conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The YRBS monitors health risk behaviors that contribute to the leading causes of death and disability among youth and young adults.The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is a telephone survey conducted annually among adults 18 and older. The Vermont BRFSS is completed by the Vermont Department of Health in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).Notes:Prevalence estimates and trends for the 2021 Vermont YRBS were likely impacted by significant factors unique to 2021, including the COVID-19 pandemic and the delay of the survey administration period resulting in a younger population completing the survey. Students who participated in the 2021 YRBS may have had a different educational and social experience compared to previous participants. Disruptions, including remote learning, lack of social interactions, and extracurricular activities, are likely reflected in the survey results. As a result, no trend data is included in the 2021 report and caution should be used when interpreting and comparing the 2021 results to other years.The Vermont Department of Health (VDH) seeks to promote destigmatizing and equitable language. While the VDH uses the term "cannabis" to reflect updated terminology, the data sources referenced in this data brief use the term "marijuana" to refer to cannabis. Prescription Drugs Indicators:The average daily MMEThe average day's supplyThe average day's supply for opioid analgesic prescriptionsThe number of prescriptionsThe percent of the population receiving at least one prescriptionThe percent of prescriptionsThe proportion of opioid analgesic prescriptionsThe rate of prescriptions per 100 residentsData Source:The Vermont Prescription Monitoring System (VPMS) is an electronic data system that collects information on Schedule II-IV controlled substance prescriptions dispensed by pharmacies. VPMS proactively safeguards public health and safety while supporting the appropriate use of controlled substances. The program helps healthcare providers improve patient care. VPMS data is also a health statistics tool that is used to monitor statewide trends in the dispensing of prescriptions.Treatment Indicators:The number of times a new substance use disorder is diagnosed (Medicaid recipients index events)The number of times substance use disorder treatment is started within 14 days of diagnosis (Medicaid recipients initiation events)The number of times two or more treatment services are provided within 34 days of starting treatment (Medicaid recipients engagement events)The percent of times substance use disorder treatment is started within 14 days of diagnosis (Medicaid recipients initiation rate)The percent of times two or more treatment services are provided within 34 days of starting treatment (Medicaid recipients engagement rate)The MOUD treatment rate per 10,000 peopleThe number of people who received MOUD treatmentData Source:Vermont Medicaid ClaimsThe Vermont Prescription Monitoring System (VPMS)Substance Abuse Treatment Information System (SATIS)

BackgroundDrowning is a leading cause of death among young children. The United Nations Resolution on global drowning prevention (2021) and World Health Assembly Resolution in 2023 have drawn attention to the issue. This scoping review synthesizes the current evidence on the effectiveness of child drowning prevention interventions since the 2008 World Report on Child Injury Prevention and implications for their implementation.MethodsQuantitative studies published between 2008 and 2023 focusing on interventions targeting unintentional injuries, including drowning, among children and adolescents under age 20 years were searched on Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Epistemonikos, PubMed, and Embase. Relevant data on interventions were extracted using a pre-defined template on Microsoft Excel. This scoping review focuses on the interventions addressing drowning.ResultsOverall, 12 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Evidence generated between 2008 and 2023 support the effectiveness of introducing barriers around water bodies, immediate resuscitation and first-responder training, and use of personal floatation devices (PFDs). Basic swimming and water safety skills training for children ages 6 years and older, and enacting and enforcing regulations on pool fencing and PFD use were found to be promising based on new evidence published since 2008. This scoping review also found evidence on new interventions studied since 2008, such as close adult supervision, inspections of safety standards of pools, and the use of door barriers and playpens, all of which demand further research to ensure context-specific implementation in LMICs.ConclusionWhile there is evidence to support both existing and new interventions, most of the available interventions are still classified as promising and emerging, underlining the need for further evaluation of those interventions in diverse settings (including low and middle- income) through effectiveness studies and implementation research. In addition, it is important to highlight the nexus between drowning prevention and the Sustainable Development Goals to advocate multisectoral and interdisciplinary collaboration, to influence the broader child health agenda.

BackgroundDrowning is a leading cause of death among young children. The United Nations Resolution on global drowning prevention (2021) and World Health Assembly Resolution in 2023 have drawn attention to the issue. This scoping review synthesizes the current evidence on the effectiveness of child drowning prevention interventions since the 2008 World Report on Child Injury Prevention and implications for their implementation.MethodsQuantitative studies published between 2008 and 2023 focusing on interventions targeting unintentional injuries, including drowning, among children and adolescents under age 20 years were searched on Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Epistemonikos, PubMed, and Embase. Relevant data on interventions were extracted using a pre-defined template on Microsoft Excel. This scoping review focuses on the interventions addressing drowning.ResultsOverall, 12 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Evidence generated between 2008 and 2023 support the effectiveness of introducing barriers around water bodies, immediate resuscitation and first-responder training, and use of personal floatation devices (PFDs). Basic swimming and water safety skills training for children ages 6 years and older, and enacting and enforcing regulations on pool fencing and PFD use were found to be promising based on new evidence published since 2008. This scoping review also found evidence on new interventions studied since 2008, such as close adult supervision, inspections of safety standards of pools, and the use of door barriers and playpens, all of which demand further research to ensure context-specific implementation in LMICs.ConclusionWhile there is evidence to support both existing and new interventions, most of the available interventions are still classified as promising and emerging, underlining the need for further evaluation of those interventions in diverse settings (including low and middle- income) through effectiveness studies and implementation research. In addition, it is important to highlight the nexus between drowning prevention and the Sustainable Development Goals to advocate multisectoral and interdisciplinary collaboration, to influence the broader child health agenda.

Confidence interval of random intercept and random slope models.