Cervical Cancer Risk Factors for Biopsy: This Dataset is Obtained from UCI Repository and kindly acknowledged! This file contains a List of Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer leading to a Biopsy Examination! About 11,000 new cases of invasive cervical cancer are diagnosed each year in the U.S. However, the number of new cervical cancer cases has been declining steadily over the past decades. Although it is the most preventable type of cancer, each year cervical cancer kills about 4,000 women in the U.S. and about 300,000 women worldwide. In the United States, cervical cancer mortality rates plunged by 74% from 1955 - 1992 thanks to increased screening and early detection with the Pap test. AGE Fifty percent of cervical cancer diagnoses occur in women ages 35 - 54, and about 20% occur in women over 65 years of age. The median age of diagnosis is 48 years. About 15% of women develop cervical cancer between the ages of 20 - 30. Cervical cancer is extremely rare in women younger than age 20. However, many young women become infected with multiple types of human papilloma virus, which then can increase their risk of getting cervical cancer in the future. Young women with early abnormal changes who do not have regular examinations are at high risk for localized cancer by the time they are age 40, and for invasive cancer by age 50. SOCIOECONOMIC AND ETHNIC FACTORS Although the rate of cervical cancer has declined among both Caucasian and African-American women over the past decades, it remains much more prevalent in African-Americans -- whose death rates are twice as high as Caucasian women. Hispanic American women have more than twice the risk of invasive cervical cancer as Caucasian women, also due to a lower rate of screening. These differences, however, are almost certainly due to social and economic differences. Numerous studies report that high poverty levels are linked with low screening rates. In addition, lack of health insurance, limited transportation, and language difficulties hinder a poor woman’s access to screening services. HIGH SEXUAL ACTIVITY Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the main risk factor for cervical cancer. In adults, the most important risk factor for HPV is sexual activity with an infected person. Women most at risk for cervical cancer are those with a history of multiple sexual partners, sexual intercourse at age 17 years or younger, or both. A woman who has never been sexually active has a very low risk for developing cervical cancer. Sexual activity with multiple partners increases the likelihood of many other sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis).Studies have found an association between chlamydia and cervical cancer risk, including the possibility that chlamydia may prolong HPV infection. FAMILY HISTORY Women have a higher risk of cervical cancer if they have a first-degree relative (mother, sister) who has had cervical cancer. USE OF ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES Studies have reported a strong association between cervical cancer and long-term use of oral contraception (OC). Women who take birth control pills for more than 5 - 10 years appear to have a much higher risk HPV infection (up to four times higher) than those who do not use OCs. (Women taking OCs for fewer than 5 years do not have a significantly higher risk.) The reasons for this risk from OC use are not entirely clear. Women who use OCs may be less likely to use a diaphragm, condoms, or other methods that offer some protection against sexual transmitted diseases, including HPV. Some research also suggests that the hormones in OCs might help the virus enter the genetic material of cervical cells. HAVING MANY CHILDREN Studies indicate that having many children increases the risk for developing cervical cancer, particularly in women infected with HPV. SMOKING Smoking is associated with a higher risk for precancerous changes (dysplasia) in the cervix and for progression to invasive cervical cancer, especially for women infected with HPV. IMMUNOSUPPRESSION Women with weak immune systems, (such as those with HIV / AIDS), are more susceptible to acquiring HPV. Immunocompromised patients are also at higher risk for having cervical precancer develop rapidly into invasive cancer. DIETHYLSTILBESTROL (DES) From 1938 - 1971, diethylstilbestrol (DES), an estrogen-related drug, was widely prescribed to pregnant women to help prevent miscarriages. The daughters of these women face a higher risk for cervical cancer. DES is no longer prsecribed.

Cancer was responsible for around 142 deaths per 100,000 population in the United States in 2022. The death rate for cancer has steadily decreased since the 1990’s, but cancer still remains the second leading cause of death in the United States. The deadliest type of cancer for both men and women is cancer of the lung and bronchus which will account for an estimated 65,790 deaths among men alone in 2024. Probability of surviving Survival rates for cancer vary significantly depending on the type of cancer. The cancers with the highest rates of survival include cancers of the thyroid, prostate, and testis, with five-year survival rates as high as 99 percent for thyroid cancer. The cancers with the lowest five-year survival rates include cancers of the pancreas, liver, and esophagus. Risk factors It is difficult to determine why one person develops cancer while another does not, but certain risk factors have been shown to increase a person’s chance of developing cancer. For example, cigarette smoking has been proven to increase the risk of developing various cancers. In fact, around 81 percent of cancers of the lung, bronchus and trachea among adults aged 30 years and older can be attributed to cigarette smoking. A recent poll indicated that many U.S. adults believed smoking cigarettes and using other tobacco products increased a person’s risk of developing cancer, but a much smaller percentage believed the same for proven risk factors such as obesity and drinking alcohol.

Some racial and ethnic categories are suppressed for privacy and to avoid misleading estimates when the relative standard error exceeds 30% or the unweighted sample size is less than 50 respondents. Margins of error are estimated at the 90% confidence level.

Data Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey (BRFSS) Data

Why This Matters

Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death in the U.S. for men and women. Although colorectal cancer is most common among people aged 65 to 74, there has been an increase in incidences among people aged 40 to 49.

Nationally, Black people are disproportionately likely to both have colorectal cancer and die from it. Hispanic residents, and especially those with limited English proficiency, report having the lowest rate of colorectal cancer screenings.

Racial disparities in education, poverty, health insurance coverage, and English language proficiency are all factors that contribute to racial gaps in receiving colorectal cancer screenings. Increased colorectal cancer screening utilization has been shown to nearly erase the racial disparities in the death rate of colorectal cancer.

The District Response

The Colorectal Cancer Control Program (DC3C) aims to reduce colon cancer incidence and mortality by increasing colorectal cancer screening rates among District residents.

DC Health’s Cancer and Chronic Disease Prevention Bureau works with healthcare providers to improve the use of preventative health services and provide colorectal cancer screening services.

DC Health maintains the District of Columbia Cancer Registry (DCCR) to track cancer incidences, examine environmental substances that cause cancer, and identify differences in cancer incidences by age, gender, race, and geographical location.

IntroductionSociodemographic disparities in genitourinary cancer-related mortality have been insufficiently studied, particularly across multiple cancer types. This study aimed to investigate gender, racial, and geographic disparities in mortality rates for the most common genitourinary cancers in the United States.MethodsMortality data for prostate, bladder, kidney, and testicular cancers were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) WONDER database between 1999 and 2020. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) were analyzed by year, gender, race, urban–rural status, and geographic region using a significance level of p < 0.05.ResultsOverall, AAMRs for prostate, bladder, and kidney cancer declined significantly, while testicular cancer-related mortality remained stable. Bladder and kidney cancer AAMRs were 3–4 times higher in males than females. Prostate cancer mortality was highest in black individuals/African Americans and began increasing after 2015. Bladder cancer mortality decreased significantly in White individuals, Black individuals, African Americans, and Asians/Pacific Islanders but remained stable in American Indian/Alaska Natives. Kidney cancer-related mortality was highest in White individuals but declined significantly in other races. Testicular cancer mortality increased significantly in White individuals but remained stable in Black individuals and African Americans. Genitourinary cancer mortality decreased in metropolitan areas but either increased (bladder and testicular cancer) or remained stable (kidney cancer) in non-metropolitan areas. Prostate and kidney cancer mortality was highest in the Midwest, bladder cancer in the South, and testicular cancer in the West.DiscussionSignificant sociodemographic disparities exist in the mortality trends of genitourinary cancers in the United States. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and further research to address these disparities and improve outcomes for all populations affected by genitourinary cancers.

This is a linked dataset between drinking water data and cancer data. Drinking Water Data: County-level concentrations of arsenic from CWSs between 2000 and 2010 were collected from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) National Environmental Public Health Tracking Network (NEPHTN) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018a). Annual mean drinking water arsenic concentrations from 2000 to 2010 were available for a total of 87,662 samples from 75,453 CWS from 26 states, representing 1,425 counties. For samples identified as non-detects, the most frequently reported values were 0.5 ppb and 1 ppb, with a range of 0 ppb to 10 ppb. For non-detect samples reported as zero, the value was substituted with a constant of 0.25 ppb (Almberg et al., 2017; Bulka et al., 2016). Of the samples that were reported as non-detects, 10.87% were reported as zeros. Cancer Data: County-level cancer counts and incidence rates for bladder, colorectal, and kidney cancers were acquired from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and CDC’s State Cancer Profiles for 2011 through 2015 for adults (age ≥ 50) to match the counties with exposure data (National Cancer Institute and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018a). We utilized the time period 2011-2015 to provide a lag following the exposure period of 2000-2010. The State Cancer Profiles provide age-adjusted county-level cancer incidence, prevalence, mortality rates and average annual counts for 20 different types of cancers and select demographics (National Cancer Institute and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018b). Counties where there were less than 16 reported cases in a specific county, sex, and/or race category were suppressed to ensure confidentiality and stability of rate estimates (National Cancer Institute and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018a). This dataset is associated with the following publication: Krajewski, A., M. Jimenez, K. Rappazzo, D. Lobdell, and J. Jagai. Aggregated Cumulative County Arsenic in Drinking Water and Associations with Bladder, Colorectal, and Kidney Cancers, Accounting for Population Served. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology. Nature Publishing Group, London, UK, 31(6): 979-989, (2021).

Link Function: information

Cancer incidence is rising among adolescents (“teens”). The causes of the increase are unknown but studying incidence patterns and trends may produce insights into etiology. Using data from the US National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program we described trends of cancer incidence among teens (15–19 year olds). We reviewed and summarized incidence patterns for histologic cancer groups and the most frequently diagnosed sites of cancer among teens during 2008–2012 reported by the SEER Cancer Statistics Review. We calculated annual incidence rates for the years 1975–2012 and used linear regression analysis to evaluate trends and calculate rates of change. Incidence for all sites combined increased annually by 0.67% for males and 0.62% for females during the period 1975 through 2012 –resulting in more than a 25% increase over 38 years. The biggest annual incidence increases occurred in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (2.16% females; 1.38% males), thyroid cancer (2.12% females; 1.59% males), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (1.73% females) and testicular cancer (1.55% males). Incidence rates for most histologic groups and sites showed steady long term increases over the 38 years of data. Despite improvements in survival, rising incidence trends mean growing numbers of young adults are undergoing painful and costly cancer treatments. A concerted research program is vital to investigate causes of steadily rising teen cancer rates.

Death rate has been age-adjusted by the 2000 U.S. standard population. Single-year data are only available for Los Angeles County overall, Service Planning Areas, Supervisorial Districts, City of Los Angeles overall, and City of Los Angeles Council Districts.Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the US. People who smoke have the greatest risk of lung cancer, though lung cancer can also occur in people who have never smoked. Most cases are due to long-term tobacco smoking or exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke. Cities and communities can take an active role in curbing tobacco use and reducing lung cancer by adopting policies to regulate tobacco retail; reducing exposure to secondhand smoke in outdoor public spaces, such as parks, restaurants, or in multi-unit housing; and improving access to tobacco cessation programs and other preventive services.For more information about the Community Health Profiles Data Initiative, please see the initiative homepage.

Relative survival for 10 most common cancer sitesa by metropolitan and non-metropolitan statusb- United States, 2007–2016c.

Background. Age-adjusted US total pediatric cancer incidence rates (TPCIR) rose 49% 1975-2015 for unknown reasons. Prenatal cannabis exposure has been linked with several pediatric cancers which together comprise the majority of pediatric cancer types. We investigated whether cannabis use was related spatiotemporally and causally to TPCIR.

Methods. State-based age-adjusted TPCIR data was taken from the CDC Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results cancer database 2003-2017. Drug exposure was taken from the nationally-representative National Survey of Drug Use and Health, response rate 74.1%. Drugs included were: tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, opioid analgesics and cocaine. This was supplemented by cannabinoid concentration data from the Drug Enforcement Agency and ethnicity and median household income data from US Census.

Results. TPCIR rose while all drug use nationally fell, except for cannabis which rose. TPCIR in the highest cannabis use quintile was greater than in the lowest (β-estimate=1.31 (95%C.I. 0.82, 1.80), P=1.80x10-7) and the time:highest two quintiles interaction was significant (β-estimate=0.1395 (0.82, 1.80), P=1.00x10-14). In robust inverse probability weighted additive regression models cannabis was independently associated with TPCIR (β-estimate=9.55 (3.95, 15.15), P=0.0016). In interactive geospatiotemporal models including all drug, ethnic and income variables cannabis use was independently significant (β-estimate=45.67 (18.77, 72.56), P=0.0009). In geospatial models temporally lagged to 1,2,4 and 6 years interactive terms including cannabis were significant. Cannabis interactive terms at one and two degrees of spatial lagging were significant (from β-estimate=3954.04 (1565.01, 6343.09), P=0.0012). The interaction between the cannabinoids THC and cannabigerol was significant at zero, 2 and 6 years lag (from β-estimate=46.22 (30.06, 62.38), P=2.10x10-8). Cannabis legalization was associated with higher TPCIR (β-estimate=1.51 (0.68, 2.35), P=0.0004) and cannabis-liberal regimes were associated with higher time:TPCIR interaction (β-estimate=1.87x10-4, (2.9x10-5, 2.45x10-4), P=0.0208). 33/56 minimum e-Values were >5 and 6 were infinite.

Conclusion. Data confirm a close relationship across space and lagged time between cannabis and TPCIR which was robust to adjustment, supported by inverse probability weighting procedures and accompanied by high e-Values making confounding unlikely and establishing the causal relationship. Cannabis-liberal jurisdictions were associated with higher rates of TPCIR and a faster rate of TPCIR increase. Data inform the broader general consideration of cannabinoid-induced genotoxicity.

Dataset Card for Breast Ultrasound Images Dataset

  Dataset Summary

Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of death among women worldwide. Early detection helps in reducing the number of early deaths. The data reviews the medical images of breast cancer using ultrasound scan. Breast Ultrasound Dataset is categorized into three classes: normal, benign, and malignant images. Breast ultrasound images can produce great results in classification, detection, and… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/ShivamRaisharma/breastcancer.

Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular cancer in children, with significant variations in incidence and Survival. This study sought to evaluate nationwide retinoblastoma incidences and survival rates in the United States from 1996 to 2018. We extracted data from the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NACCR) and the National Program of Cancer Registries between 1996 and 2018. Cases were stratified by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, urban or rural origin, stage of the disease, and state of residence and compared by laterality. We applied SEER*Stat version 8.4.0.1 software for age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIR) and annual average per cent change (AAPC) and JoinPoint version 4.9.1.0 software to assess incidence trends. Survival trends were evaluated with JPSurv online software. The study comprised 5730 patients with a crude incidence rate (CIR) of 0.89 per million. The incidence declined from 29.6 per million in the first year of life to 16.5 in the second year. The CIR for unilateral and bilateral diseases were 0.61 and 0.27, respectively. Males had a slightly higher and significant crude incidence of 0.93 versus 0.86 for females. Hispanics had the highest rate of 1.48 in general. Treatment data revealed chemotherapy usage in 39% of unilateral and 78% of bilateral patients. The 5-year cumulative relative Survival did not significantly differ between unilateral (96.8%) and bilateral (97.0%) patients. A slight but significant annual decline in CIR was observed, with a trend toward an increase in the percentage of patients diagnosed in the first year of life. This study indicated an overall decrease in incidence but a slight increase in early diagnosis. Findings underscore the need for consistent surveillance, early detection strategies, and personalized care to improve patient outcomes. The changes in the Survival in the unilateral disease require further investigations and mitigation strategies.

Data Images are not in dcm format, the images are in jpg or png to fit the model Data contain 3 chest cancer types which are Adenocarcinoma,Large cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma , and 1 folder for the normal cell Data folder is the main folder that contain all the step folders inside Data folder are test , train , valid

test represent testing set train represent training set valid represent validation set training set is 70% testing set is 20% validation set is 10%

Adenocarcinoma Adenocarcinoma of the lung: Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common form of lung cancer accounting for 30 percent of all cases overall and about 40 percent of all non-small cell lung cancer occurrences. Adenocarcinomas are found in several common cancers, including breast, prostate and colorectal. Adenocarcinomas of the lung are found in the outer region of the lung in glands that secrete mucus and help us breathe. Symptoms include coughing, hoarseness, weight loss and weakness.

Large cell carcinoma Large-cell undifferentiated carcinoma: Large-cell undifferentiated carcinoma lung cancer grows and spreads quickly and can be found anywhere in the lung. This type of lung cancer usually accounts for 10 to 15 percent of all cases of NSCLC. Large-cell undifferentiated carcinoma tends to grow and spread quickly. ** Squamous cell carcinoma** Squamous cell: This type of lung cancer is found centrally in the lung, where the larger bronchi join the trachea to the lung, or in one of the main airway branches. Squamous cell lung cancer is responsible for about 30 percent of all non-small cell lung cancers, and is generally linked to smoking.

And the last folder is the normal CT-Scan images

Acknowledgements We wouldn't be here without the help of others and the resources we found. thanks for all of my team and the people who supported us

Inspiration I want to hear all your feedback

Lung Cancer Diagnostic Tests Market Outlook

The lung cancer diagnostic tests market size was valued at USD 2.5 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 6.1 billion by 2032, growing at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 10.5% during the forecast period. This substantial growth can be attributed to the rising prevalence of lung cancer globally, advancements in diagnostic technologies, and increasing awareness regarding early detection and treatment of lung cancer. The growing aging population and the high incidence of smoking, which is a leading cause of lung cancer, further propel the demand for diagnostic tests.

The increasing prevalence of lung cancer is one of the primary drivers of market growth. Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, necessitating the development of more accurate and early diagnostic methods. With advancements in medical technology, such as molecular diagnostics and non-invasive imaging techniques, the accuracy and efficiency of lung cancer diagnosis have significantly improved. These innovations not only enhance the detection rate but also facilitate personalized treatment plans, thereby improving patient outcomes.

Furthermore, government initiatives and funding for cancer research play a crucial role in market expansion. Many countries are investing heavily in cancer research, leading to the development of new diagnostic tools and techniques. For instance, organizations such as the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in the United States provide substantial grants for lung cancer research, fostering innovations in diagnostics. In addition, public awareness campaigns and screening programs conducted by healthcare organizations and governments encourage early diagnosis, which is vital for successful treatment and survival rates.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in diagnostic tools is another significant factor contributing to market growth. AI algorithms can analyze medical images with high precision, aiding radiologists in identifying lung cancer at earlier stages. Moreover, AI-driven software can evaluate large datasets from genetic and molecular tests, providing insights into the most effective treatment options based on individual patient profiles. This technological advancement not only enhances the accuracy of diagnostics but also reduces the time required for analysis, thereby increasing the efficiency of healthcare services.

The EGFR Mutation Test is a pivotal advancement in the realm of lung cancer diagnostics, offering a more personalized approach to treatment. This test specifically identifies mutations in the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) gene, which are often present in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. By detecting these mutations, healthcare providers can tailor therapies that target the specific genetic alterations, thereby improving treatment efficacy and patient outcomes. The growing adoption of EGFR Mutation Tests underscores the shift towards precision medicine, where treatments are increasingly customized based on individual genetic profiles. This approach not only enhances the effectiveness of therapies but also minimizes adverse effects, as treatments are more accurately aligned with the patient's unique genetic makeup.

Regionally, North America holds the largest share of the lung cancer diagnostic tests market, followed by Europe and Asia Pacific. The dominance of North America can be attributed to the presence of advanced healthcare infrastructure, high healthcare expenditure, and a robust research landscape. The Asia Pacific region, however, is expected to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period, driven by increasing healthcare investments, growing awareness about lung cancer, and rising incidences of the disease in countries like China and India. The growing middle-class population and improving healthcare access in these countries further support market growth.

Test Type Analysis

The lung cancer diagnostic tests market is segmented by test type into imaging tests, sputum cytology, tissue biopsy, molecular tests, and others. Imaging tests are one of the most commonly used diagnostic methods for lung cancer detection. Techniques such as X-rays, CT scans, and PET scans provide detailed visuals of the lungs, helping in identifying abnormal growths or tumors. The non-invasive nature of these tests and their ability to provide quick results make them a preferred choice among healthcare

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Demographic Summary of Available Imaging

Characteristic	Value (N = 26254)
Age (years)	Mean ± SD: 61.4± 5 Median (IQR): 60 (57-65) Range: 43-75
Sex	Male: 15512 (59%) Female: 10742 (41%)
Race	White: 23969 (91.3%) Black: 1135 (4.3%) Asian: 547 (2.1%) American Indian/Alaska Native: 88 (0.3%) Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander: 87 (0.3%) Unknown: 428 (1.6%)
Ethnicity	Not Available

Background: The aggressive and heterogeneous nature of lung cancer has thwarted efforts to reduce mortality from this cancer through the use of screening. The advent of low-dose helical computed tomography (CT) altered the landscape of lung-cancer screening, with studies indicating that low-dose CT detects many tumors at early stages. The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) was conducted to determine whether screening with low-dose CT could reduce mortality from lung cancer.

Methods: From August 2002 through April 2004, we enrolled 53,454 persons at high risk for lung cancer at 33 U.S. medical centers. Participants were randomly assigned to undergo three annual screenings with either low-dose CT (26,722 participants) or single-view posteroanterior chest radiography (26,732). Data were collected on cases of lung cancer and deaths from lung cancer that occurred through December 31, 2009. This dataset includes the low-dose CT scans from 26,254 of these subjects, as well as digitized histopathology images from 451 subjects.

Results: The rate of adherence to screening was more than 90%. The rate of positive screening tests was 24.2% with low-dose CT and 6.9% with radiography over all three rounds. A total of 96.4% of the positive screening results in the low-dose CT group and 94.5% in the radiography group were false positive results. The incidence of lung cancer was 645 cases per 100,000 person-years (1060 cancers) in the low-dose CT group, as compared with 572 cases per 100,000 person-years (941 cancers) in the radiography group (rate ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 1.23). There were 247 deaths from lung cancer per 100,000 person-years in the low-dose CT group and 309 deaths per 100,000 person-years in the radiography group, representing a relative reduction in mortality from lung cancer with low-dose CT screening of 20.0% (95% CI, 6.8 to 26.7; P=0.004). The rate of death from any cause was reduced in the low-dose CT group, as compared with the radiography group, by 6.7% (95% CI, 1.2 to 13.6; P=0.02).

Conclusions: Screening with the use of low-dose CT reduces mortality from lung cancer. (Funded by the National Cancer Institute; National Lung Screening Trial ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00047385).

Data Availability: A summary of the National Lung Screening Trial and its available datasets are provided on the Cancer Data Access System (CDAS). CDAS is maintained by Information Management System (IMS), contracted by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) as keepers and statistical analyzers of the NLST trial data. The full clinical data set from NLST is available through CDAS. Users of TCIA can download without restriction a publicly distributable subset of that clinical data, along with the CT and Histopathology images collected during the trial. (These previously were restricted.)

Latin Americans are highly heterogeneous regarding the type of Native American ancestry. Consideration of specific associations with common diseases may lead to substantial advances in unraveling of disease etiology and disease prevention.Here we investigate possible associations between the type of Native American ancestry and leading causes of death. After an aggregate-data study based on genome-wide genotype data from 1805 admixed Chileans and 639,789 deaths, we validate an identified association with gallbladder cancer relying on individual data from 64 gallbladder cancer patients, with and without a family history, and 170 healthy controls. Native American proportions were markedly underestimated when the two main types of Native American ancestry in Chile, originated from the Mapuche and Aymara indigenous peoples, were combined together. Consideration of the type of Native American ancestry was crucial to identify disease associations. Native American ancestry showed no association with gallbladder cancer mortality (P = 0.26). By contrast, each 1% increase in the Mapuche proportion represented a 3.7% increased mortality risk by gallbladder cancer (95%CI 3.1–4.3%, P = 6×10−27). Individual-data results and extensive sensitivity analyses confirmed the association between Mapuche ancestry and gallbladder cancer. Increasing Mapuche proportions were also associated with an increased mortality due to asthma and, interestingly, with a decreased mortality by diabetes. The mortality due to skin, bladder, larynx, bronchus and lung cancers increased with increasing Aymara proportions. Described methods should be considered in future studies on human population genetics and human health. Complementary individual-based studies are needed to apportion the genetic and non-genetic components of associations identified relying on aggregate-data.

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Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Market Size 2024-2028

The non-melanoma skin cancer market size is forecast to increase by USD 136.9 million at a CAGR of 4.5% between 2023 and 2028.

The non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) market is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing incidence of this type of cancer. NMSC is the most common form of cancer, with over three million cases diagnosed annually worldwide. The market is facing a challenge due to the lack of drugs in the pipeline for NMSC treatment. This trend is expected to continue, as current treatments such as surgical excision and Mohs micrographic surgery have limitations and may leave scars or require multiple procedures. Healthcare services are playing a critical role in addressing this issue by improving early detection, offering advanced treatment options, and providing patient support throughout the recovery process. Additionally, the aging population and rising awareness about cosmetic skin care are contributing to the market's growth. The market analysis report provides an in-depth analysis of these trends and growth factors, offering valuable insights for stakeholders In the healthcare industry.

What will be the Size of the Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Market During the Forecast Period?

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The market encompasses a range of conditions, including basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. These forms of cancer are primarily caused by sun exposure, resulting in symptoms such as scaly surfaces, red patches, sores, moles, or warts. Treatment modalities include surgery, radiation therapy, photodynamic therapy, topical therapies, cryosurgery, and electrodesiccation. Mohs surgery, a specialized form of surgery, is increasingly utilized for high-risk occurrences due to its ability to preserve healthy tissue.
Advanced treatments, such as Vismodegib, offer promising alternatives for patients with recurrent or metastatic disease. The market is driven by the increasing prevalence of sun exposure-related injuries and the growing aging population. Despite advancements in treatment options, the risk of recurrence remains a significant concern, necessitating ongoing research and innovation.

How is this Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The non-melanoma skin cancer industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Type

  BCC
  SCC


Geography

  North America

    Canada
    US


  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  Asia

    China
    Japan


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The bcc segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC), primarily comprised of Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), accounts for a significant portion of cancer occurrences worldwide. BCC, responsible for approximately 80% of NMSC, has seen an annual growth rate of 2% In the US and 5% in Europe. In the Asia Pacific region, Australia holds the highest incidence of BCC among individuals aged 70. Despite a low mortality rate of approximately 0.05%, BCCs can result in disfiguring body alterations. Surgical treatments, including Mohs surgery, cryosurgery, and electrodesiccation, are common interventions. Radiation therapy, photodynamic therapy, and topical therapies also serve as alternative treatment methods.

Get a glance at the Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Industry report of share of various segments Request Free Sample

The BCC segment was valued at USD 410.20 million in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

North America is estimated to contribute 29% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.

Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.

For more insights on the market share of various regions, Request Free Sample

Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC), comprised primarily of Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), is a significant health concern In the US, accounting for approximately 35-45% of all cancers among Caucasians. NMSC is the most common cancer type In the US, with BCC being the most prevalent skin cancer subtype. Treatment modalities for NMSC include surgery, radiation therapy, photodynamic therapy, topical therapies, cryosurgery, electrodesiccation, Mohs surgery, Vismodegib for advanced cases, and chemotherapy for metastasis. Risk factors for NMSC include sun exposure, sunburns, radiation exposure, inflammation, injury, and the presence of skin growths such as bumps, moles, red patches, sores, moles, warts, and recurrence.

Market Dynamics

Our researchers analyzed the data wit

ObjectivesIn the last decade, Latin American (LA) countries, like Peru, have undergone an epidemiological transition that has changed the pattern of oncological cases. Given that Peru’s oncological pattern could illustrate those of other LA countries, we aimed at determining trends and changes in cancer-related mortality by age and sex in Peru between 2003 and 2016.Methods and resultsA secondary data analysis using national deaths registries was conducted. Categories were created according to the 27 most frequent sites of presentation of cancer. We found that deaths attributed to cancer increased from 15.4% of all deaths in 2003 to 18.1% in 2016 (p

Objective Liver cancer is a growing global public health problem. Ultrasonography is an imaging tool widely used for the early diagnosis of liver cancer. However, the effect of ultrasonography surveillance (US) on the survival of patients with liver cancer is unknown. Therefore, this study examined the association between survival and US frequency during the 2 years preceding patients' liver cancer diagnosis. Methods This population-based longitudinal study was conducted in Taiwan, a region with high liver cancer incidence, by using the National Health Insurance Research Database. We compared survival between patients who received US three times or more (≥3 group) and less than three times (<3 group) during the 2 years preceding their liver cancer diagnosis, and identified the predictors for the ≥3 group. Results This study enrolled 4621 patients with liver cancer who had died between 1997 and 2010. The median survival rate was higher in the ≥3 group (1.42 years) than in the <3 group (0.51 years). Five-year survival probability was also significantly higher in the ≥3 group (14.4%) than in the <3 group (7.7%). The multivariate logistic regression results showed that the three most common positive predictors for receiving three or more US sessions were indications of viral hepatitis, gallbladder diseases, and kidney–urinary–bladder diseases; the most common negative predictors for receiving three or more US sessions were male sex and indications of abdominal pain. Conclusion Patients with liver cancer who received US three times or more during the 2 years preceding their liver cancer diagnosis exhibited a higher 5-year survival probability.

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Human Papillomavirus (Hpv) Therapeutics Market Size 2024-2028

The human papillomavirus (hpv) therapeutics market size is forecast to increase by USD 828.4 million at a CAGR of 4.36% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the continuous research and development (R&D) of new vaccines and drugs for the treatment of HPV-related diseases. This includes the emergence of vaccines against various HPV strains, which have shown promising results in preventing HPV infections and associated conditions, such as cervical, throat, and anal cancers. However, the market is not without challenges. The anti-vaxxer movement, which opposes vaccination, poses a significant threat to market growth. According to the World Health Organization, vaccine hesitancy is a growing concern, with some parents refusing to vaccinate their children due to misinformation and mistrust in vaccines. This trend is particularly prevalent in some regions, including the US, where vaccine coverage rates have been declining in recent years. Despite these challenges, the market presents significant opportunities for companies investing in HPV therapeutics. The increasing awareness of HPV and its associated health risks, coupled with the development of effective vaccines and treatments, is expected to fuel market growth in the coming years. Companies seeking to capitalize on these opportunities must navigate the challenges posed by vaccine hesitancy and invest in education and outreach efforts to promote vaccination and increase public awareness of HPV and its associated health risks.

What will be the Size of the Human Papillomavirus (Hpv) Therapeutics Market during the forecast period?

Request Free SampleThe HPV therapeutics market in the US is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections, which are the primary cause of various cancers and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Cancer Society, HPV infections affect millions annually, with cervical cancer being the most common cancer caused by this virus. The market's expansion is driven by the development of advanced HPV therapeutics, including vaccines from various biopharmaceutical companies. These vaccines, such as Gardasil 9 and Gardasil, have demonstrated high efficacy in preventing HPV infections and associated cancers. The global alliance between organizations like UNICEF, WHO, and PAHO, among others, is promoting vaccine distribution and implementation through initiatives like vaccination camps. Regulations and summits, such as those hosted by the FDA and industry leaders like GlaxoSmithKline plc and Merck, are also pivotal in shaping the market's direction. The HPV therapeutics market is expected to continue growing as researchers focus on targeting various HPV strains and expanding vaccine applications. Inovio Pharmaceuticals is another key player in the field, contributing to the market's dynamic and innovative landscape.

How is this Human Papillomavirus (Hpv) Therapeutics Industry segmented?

The human papillomavirus (hpv) therapeutics industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments. Route Of AdministrationParenteralTopicalIndicationCervical cancerAnal cancerVulvar and vaginal cancerOthersGeographyNorth AmericaUSCanadaEuropeGermanyAsiaChinaRest of World (ROW)

By Route Of Administration Insights

The parenteral segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

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The Parenteral segment was valued at USD 2596.90 million in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

North America is estimated to contribute 42% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.Technavio’s analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.

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The HPV therapeutics market encompasses vaccines as a primary intervention against Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Notable players in this sector include GlaxoSmithKline plc and Inovio Pharmaceuticals, with their respective HPV vaccines, Gardasil and Gardasil 9. Spherical Insights' research indicates that HPV is a common sexually transmitted infection, affecting millions globally, including in the US, where the American Cancer Society reports that approximately one-fourth of adults carry the virus. HPV is linked to various indications, including cervical cancer, genital warts, and multiple non-life-threatening infections. The W