Registered leading causes of death by age, sex and country, UK, 2001 to 2018

Leading causes of death by age group and sex Source agency: Office for National Statistics Designation: Official Statistics not designated as National Statistics Language: English Alternative title: Mortality

Mortality from leading causes of death by ethnic group, England and Wales, 2012 to 2019.

Provisional data on death registrations and death occurrences in England and Wales, broken down by sex and age. Includes deaths due to coronavirus (COVID-19) and leading causes of death.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. This study comprises a complete transcription of all the district-level tables which are the main contents of each of the Registrar-General for England and Wales Decennial Supplements from 1851-60 to 1901-10; these are supplements to the 25th, 35th, 45th, 55th, 65th and 75th Annual Reports. The reports for 1851-1900 were computerised by a project led by Professor Robert Woods of Liverpool University, creating a large set of spreadsheets, one for each district in each decade. These were assembled into a single large file by the Great Britain Historical GIS, working in collaboration with Hamish James of the UK Data Archive. The GBHGIS team computerised the 1901-10 report, checked all data against the original reports, and added identifiers linking the districts to the digital boundary data they had created. For each district in each decade, the reports cross-tabulate causes of death against age. In some decades, there are separate tables for each district for males and females, and the causes of death vary between decades. There were c. 630 districts, the exact number varying by decade. Main Topics: Decennial cause of death data for Registration Districts in England and Wales cross-classified by age and sometimes by sex. The study also includes a separate table, mainly derived, containing age- and gender-specific counts of deaths, without cause information and organised to simplify calculation of standardised mortality rates.

Number of deaths registered by year, sex, area of usual residence and Office for National Statistics (ONS) shortlist of cause of death code

A dataset providing GP recorded coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death both in the UK and worldwide. It's responsible for more than 73,000 deaths in the UK each year. About 1 in 6 men and 1 in 10 women die from CHD. In the UK, there are an estimated 2.3 million people living with CHD and around 2 million people affected by angina (the most common symptom of coronary heart disease). CHD generally affects more men than women, although from the age of 50 the chances of developing the condition are similar for both sexes. As well as angina (chest pain), the main symptoms of CHD are heart attacks and heart failure. However, not everyone has the same symptoms and some people may not have any before CHD is diagnosed. CHD is sometimes called ischaemic heart disease.

Provisional counts of the number of deaths registered in England and Wales, by age, sex, region and Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), in the latest weeks for which data are available.

This data shows premature deaths (Age under 75) from all Cancers, numbers and rates by gender, as 3-year moving-averages. Cancers are a major cause of premature deaths. Inequalities exist in cancer rates between the most deprived areas and the most affluent areas. Directly Age-Standardised Rates (DASR) are shown in the data (where numbers are sufficient) so that death rates can be directly compared between areas. The DASR calculation applies Age-specific rates to a Standard (European) population to cancel out possible effects on crude rates due to different age structures among populations, thus enabling direct comparisons of rates. A limitation on using mortalities as a proxy for prevalence of health conditions is that mortalities may give an incomplete view of health conditions in an area, as ill-health might not lead to premature death. Data source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), indicator ID 40501, E05a. This data is updated annually.

Deaths registration data (all deaths in England and Wales) collected from The Registrar General for England and Wales.

Record-level patient data set, where a record represents one death registration.

The data are collected at source from Local Registry offices at the point of death registration.

The data are collated nationally by the Register General before being passed to the Office for National Statistics (ONS), for use in statistics and coding.

Coding includes such things cause of death coding using the International Classifications of Diseases (ICD) coding system, attributing socio-economic code classifications based on occupation.

ONS maintains its own version of the data set for its use in statistics.

In addition to the description, please add "Timescales for dissemination can be found under 'Our Service Levels' at the following link: https://digital.nhs.uk/services/data-access-request-service-dars/data-access-request-service-dars-process ". Supports HDR UK Delivery Lead Time below which has a standard answer of OTHER: If the typical timeframe does not fit into the broad ranges i.e. lightweight application vs linked data application, please choose “Other” and indicate the typical timeframe within the description for the dataset

The Civil Registration of Deaths data contains 14 million unique registrations since 1993 onwards, increasing yearly. Average 500,000 - 600,000 new death registrations yearly.

Records cover all deaths registered in England & Wales. ICD coding is 9th and 10th.

https://digital.nhs.uk/services/data-access-request-service-dars

Timescales for dissemination can be found under 'Our Service Levels' at the following link: https://digital.nhs.uk/services/data-access-request-service-dars/data-access-request-service-dars-process

Annual data on deaths registered by age, sex and selected underlying cause of death. Tables also provide both mortality rates and numbers of deaths over time.

This data shows premature deaths (Age under 75) from Respiratory Disease, numbers and rates by gender, as 3-year range. Smoking is the major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), one of the major Respiratory diseases. COPD (which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema) results in many hospital admissions. Respiratory diseases can also be caused by environmental factors (such as pollution, or housing conditions) and influenza. Respiratory disease mortality rates show a socio-economic gradient. Directly Age-Standardised Rates (DASR) are shown in the data, where numbers are sufficient, so that death rates can be directly compared between areas. The DASR calculation applies Age-specific rates to a Standard (European) population to cancel out possible effects on crude rates due to different age structures among populations, thus enabling direct comparisons of rates. A limitation on using mortalities as a proxy for prevalence of health conditions is that mortalities may give an incomplete view of health conditions in an area, as ill-health might not lead to premature death. Data source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) Public Health Outcomes Framework (PHOF) indicator 4.07i. This data is updated annually.

The Public Health Research Database (PHRD) is a linked asset which currently includes Census 2011 data; Mortality Data; Hospital Episode Statistics (HES); GP Extraction Service (GPES) Data for Pandemic Planning and Research data. Researchers may apply for these datasets individually or any combination of the current 4 datasets.

The purpose of this dataset is to enable analysis of deaths involving COVID-19 by multiple factors such as ethnicity, religion, disability and known comorbidities as well as age, sex, socioeconomic and marital status at subnational levels. 2011 Census data for usual residents of England and Wales, who were not known to have died by 1 January 2020, linked to death registrations for deaths registered between 1 January 2020 and 8 March 2021 on NHS number. The data exclude individuals who entered the UK in the year before the Census took place (due to their high propensity to have left the UK prior to the study period), and those over 100 years of age at the time of the Census, even if their death was not linked. The dataset contains all individuals who died (any cause) during the study period, and a 5% simple random sample of those still alive at the end of the study period. For usual residents of England, the dataset also contains comorbidity flags derived from linked Hospital Episode Statistics data from April 2017 to December 2019 and GP Extraction Service Data from 2015-2019.

This dataset presents the crude mortality rate from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among individuals under the age of 75. Acute myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, is a critical cardiovascular condition that can lead to premature death if not promptly treated. The dataset captures the number of deaths where AMI is recorded as the primary cause, providing valuable insight into the burden of this condition on the population and supporting efforts to monitor and reduce early mortality from cardiovascular diseases.

Rationale The primary aim of this indicator is to support the reduction of premature mortality from acute myocardial infarction in individuals under 75 years of age. Monitoring this metric helps public health authorities and healthcare providers assess the effectiveness of prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies for cardiovascular disease.

Numerator The numerator is defined as the number of deaths where acute myocardial infarction is recorded as the primary condition, identified using ICD-10 codes I21–I22. This data is sourced from the national Death Register.

Denominator The denominator is the total population under the age of 75, based on figures from the 2021 Census. This allows for the calculation of a crude rate per 100,000 population.

Caveats There are no specific caveats noted for this dataset. However, as with all mortality data, accuracy depends on the correct recording of cause of death and completeness of registration data.

External References Specification for AMI Mortality Indicator (NHS Digital)

Localities ExplainedThis dataset contains data based on either the resident locality or registered locality of the patient, a distinction is made between resident locality and registered locality populations:Resident Locality refers to individuals who live within the defined geographic boundaries of the locality. These boundaries are aligned with official administrative areas such as wards and Lower Layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs).Registered Locality refers to individuals who are registered with GP practices that are assigned to a locality based on the Primary Care Network (PCN) they belong to. These assignments are approximate—PCNs are mapped to a locality based on the location of most of their GP surgeries. As a result, locality-registered patients may live outside the locality, sometimes even in different towns or cities.This distinction is important because some health indicators are only available at GP practice level, without information on where patients actually reside. In such cases, data is attributed to the locality based on GP registration, not residential address.

Click here to explore more from the Birmingham and Solihull Integrated Care Partnerships Outcome Framework.

This file contains the exemplar list of historic strings together with the ICD10h codes and descriptions associated with the ICD10h (Historic cause of death coding and classification scheme for individual-level causes of death). ICD10h has been designed by the authors to aid the coding and classification of causes of death recorded on historic individual death records and associated files include a manual, the list of codes, descriptions and values of a general categorisation, and a categorisation for infant mortality. The ICD10h system is based on the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases - 2016 version (ICD10 - 2016), and combines ICD10 codes (without modification) with new codes for archaic/historic terms.

The data was derived from the following projects/deposited data: Determining the Demography of Victorian Scotland Through Record Linkage, ESRC RES-000-23-0128 held at the Cambridge Group for the History of Population and Social Structure, University of Cambridge; P. Gunn and R. Kippen, ‘Household and Family Formation in Nineteenth-Century Tasmania, Dataset of 195 Thousand Births, 93 Thousand Deaths and 51 Thousand Marriages Registered in Tasmania, 1838-1899’, 2008.

The resource creation was supported by the following projects: Digitising Scotland/Scottish Health Informatics Project (funded by the ESRC); Studying Health in Port Cities (funded by The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research); The Great Leap (funded by COST-Action CA22116).

SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION

This resource is available under a CC BY licence.

Recommended citation for this dataset: Historic cause of death coding and classification scheme for individual-level causes of death – English language historic strings [https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.109962]

Please see the associated resources: Historic cause of death coding and classification scheme for individual-level causes of death – manual [https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.109960] Historic cause of death coding and classification scheme for individual-level causes of death – Codes [https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.109961] Historic cause of death coding and classification scheme for individual-level causes of death – Infant Categorisations [https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.109963]

ICD10h is a research tool created to facilitate the study of historical cause of death records and should not be used for any official purpose. It is based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) version 2016 (Geneva: World Health Organization 2016) but is not a recognised version or extension of ICD-10 and is not authorised by WHO. However we have consulted with WHO: they recognise that ICD10h is a useful academic methodology and have not raised any objections to its creation. Data coded using ICD10h are not directly comparable with data coded in ICD-10, and the underlying or primary cause of death derived using the ICD10h methodology may be different from the underlying cause derived in ICD-10 according to the WHO rules. Please note that ICD-10 version 2016 is not the most recent version of ICD-10; and that WHO now recommend the use of ICD-11; a more advanced and detailed classification.

DATA & FILE OVERVIEW

ICD10h_HistoricStringsEnglish.xlsx Excel file consisting of 2 worksheets: 1) ReadMe sheet 2) HistoricStringsEnglish

Separate csv file for 2) containing the same information.

This file builds on a previous, unpublished version of ICD10h (dating from 2020).

METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION

The data were hand-coded and subject to stringent algorithm-assisted tests.

DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: HistoricStringsEnglish

Number of variables: 7

Number of cases/rows: 3306

Variable List: ID_HistoricStrings (unique ID for HistoricStrings table) HistoricString (Historic cause of death string as encountered in records) ICD10h (ICD10h code) ICD10hInjury (additional ICD10h code for injuries) ICD10hDescription (ICD10h description) ICD10hInjuryDescription (additional ICD10h description for injuries) CancerMalignancyFlag (0=not a neoplasm; 1=no information on malignancy; 2=stated to be malignant; 3=stated to be benign; 4=stated to be of uncertain behaviour)

The HES-ONS linked mortality dataset combines Hospital Episode Statistics (HES), which contains clinical information on patients' hospital activity and treatment such as diagnoses and procedures, with mortality records from the Office for National Statistics (ONS). The linkage captures deaths of people who have been treated in English hospitals, irrespective of whether they died in hospital or not.

While HES data alone can be used to identify if a patient died in hospital and analysed on the basis of their primary diagnosis, it cannot determine the cause of death or capture deaths after discharge. The ONS mortality data is a richer source of information on deaths, containing cause of death, date and place of death for all deaths registered in England and Wales, based on information from death certificates.

By linking the two datasets, it is possible to analyse deaths both in and outside hospital, assess outcomes such as postoperative mortality (e.g. deaths within 30, 60 or 90 days), track provider performance, and conduct long-term follow-up on survival rates. The dataset only includes mortality information for individuals who have had a record in HES.

SAHSU holds a data sharing agreement with NHS England and has access to a restricted subset of variables from the full dataset.

The dataset may be internally linkable with SAHSU's environmental datasets, including air pollution and green space.

This data was originally published in the reports of the Registrar-General for England and Wales. It was computerised by the Great Britain Historical GIS Project and its collaborators. It forms part of the Great Britain Historical Database, which contains a wide range of geographically-located statistics, selected to trace the emergence of the north-south divide in Britain and to provide a synoptic view of the human geography of Britain, generally at sub-county scales.

In this period, 1911 to 1973, the main reporting units were over 1,500 local government districts, as compared to c. 600 Registration Districts pre-1911. As a result, most tabulations provide data only for the larger urban units, plus aggregates covering all Rural Districts and all other urban units in each county. This study centers on the main exception to this, an annual table providing counts of all births, all deaths and all infant deaths in all districts, appearing in the Registrar-General's Annual Reports from 1911 to 1920, then in the RG's Statistical Reviews from 1921 to 1973. Later reports include additional variables. This study also includes more limited transcriptions of causes of death and age-specific mortality.

Annual data on death registrations by area of usual residence in the UK. Summary tables including age-standardised mortality rates.