Background This study sought to describe the pattern of complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) use among a group of patients with advanced breast cancer, to examine the main reasons for their CAM use, to identify patient's information sources and their communication pattern with their physicians. Methods Face-to-face structured interviews of patients with advanced-stage breast cancer at a comprehensive oncology center. Results Seventy three percent of patients used CAM; relaxation/meditative techniques and herbal medicine were the most common. The most commonly cited primary reason for CAM use was to boost the immune system, the second, to treat cancer; however these reasons varied depending on specific CAM therapy. Friends or family members and mass media were common primary information source's about CAM. Conclusions A high proportion of advanced-stage breast cancer patients used CAM. Discussion with doctors was high for ingested products. Mass media was a prominent source of patient information. Credible sources of CAM information for patients and physicians are needed.

[Переведено с es: испанского языка] Последнее обновление: Jan 7 2024 11:21PM Организация-источник: Глобальная база данных Организации Объединенных Наций по ЦУР [Переведено с en: английского языка] Definition: Health worker densities by occupation Definition: Density of medical doctors: The density of medical doctors is defined as the number of medical doctors, including generalists and specialist medical practitioners per 10,000 population in the given national and/or subnational area. The International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) unit group codes included in this category are 221, 2211 and 2212 of ISCO-08. Density of nursing and midwifery personnel: The density of nursing and midwifery personnel is defined as the number of nursing and midwifery personnel per 10,000 population in the given national and/or subnational area. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 2221, 2222, 3221 and 3222. Density of dentists: The density of dentists is defined as the number of dentists per 10,000 population in the given national and/or subnational area. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 2261. Density of pharmacists: The density of pharmacists is defined as the number of pharmacists per 10,000 population in the given national and/or subnational area. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 2262. Health worker distribution by sex Percentage of male medical doctors: Male doctors as percentage of all medical doctors at national level. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 221, 2211 and 2212. Percentage of female medical doctors: Female doctors as percentage of all medical doctors at national level. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 221, 2211 and 2212. Percentage of male nursing personnel: Male nursing personnel as percentage of all nursing personnel at national level. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 2221 and 3221. Percentage of female nursing personnel: Female nursing personnel as percentage of all nursing personnel at national level. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 2221 and 3221. Thematic Area: Sustainable Development Goals Application Area: INDICATOR 3.c.1 Health worker density and distribution Unit of Measurement: Per 10,000 population Data Source: Based on the data from National health Workforce Accounts database, WHO. Available at https://apps.who.int/nhwaportal. For the specific sources and metadata by country, refer to database directly. Last Update: Jan 7 2024 11:21PM Source Organization: United Nations Global SDG Database

The 2008 National Demographic and Health Survey (2008 NDHS) is a nationally representative survey of 13,594 women age 15-49 from 12,469 households successfully interviewed, covering 794 enumeration areas (clusters) throughout the Philippines. This survey is the ninth in a series of demographic and health surveys conducted to assess the demographic and health situation in the country. The survey obtained detailed information on fertility levels, marriage, fertility preferences, awareness and use of family planning methods, breastfeeding practices, nutritional status of women and young children, childhood mortality, maternal and child health, and knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis. Also, for the first time, the Philippines NDHS gathered information on violence against women. The 2008 NDHS was conducted by the Philippine National Statistics Office (NSO). Technical assistance was provided by ICF Macro through the MEASURE DHS program. Funding for the survey was mainly provided by the Government of the Philippines. Financial support for some preparatory and processing phases of the survey was provided by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). Like previous Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in the Philippines, the 2008 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) was primarily designed to provide information on population, family planning, and health to be used in evaluating and designing policies, programs, and strategies for improving health and family planning services in the country. The 2008 NDHS also included questions on domestic violence. Specifically, the 2008 NDHS had the following objectives: Collect data at the national level that will allow the estimation of demographic rates, particularly, fertility rates by urban-rural residence and region, and under-five mortality rates at the national level. Analyze the direct and indirect factors which determine the levels and patterns of fertility. Measure the level of contraceptive knowledge and practice by method, urban-rural residence, and region. Collect data on family health: immunizations, prenatal and postnatal checkups, assistance at delivery, breastfeeding, and prevalence and treatment of diarrhea, fever, and acute respiratory infections among children under five years. Collect data on environmental health, utilization of health facilities, prevalence of common noncommunicable and infectious diseases, and membership in health insurance plans. Collect data on awareness of tuberculosis. Determine women's knowledge about HIV/AIDS and access to HIV testing. Determine the extent of violence against women. MAIN RESULTS FERTILITY Fertility Levels and Trends. There has been a steady decline in fertility in the Philippines in the past 36 years. From 6.0 children per woman in 1970, the total fertility rate (TFR) in the Philippines declined to 3.3 children per woman in 2006. The current fertility level in the country is relatively high compared with other countries in Southeast Asia, such as Thailand, Singapore and Indonesia, where the TFR is below 2 children per woman. Fertility Differentials. Fertility varies substantially across subgroups of women. Urban women have, on average, 2.8 children compared with 3.8 children per woman in rural areas. The level of fertility has a negative relationship with education; the fertility rate of women who have attended college (2.3 children per woman) is about half that of women who have been to elementary school (4.5 children per woman). Fertility also decreases with household wealth: women in wealthier households have fewer children than those in poorer households. FAMILY PLANNING Knowledge of Contraception. Knowledge of family planning is universal in the Philippines- almost all women know at least one method of fam-ily planning. At least 90 percent of currently married women have heard of the pill, male condoms, injectables, and female sterilization, while 87 percent know about the IUD and 68 percent know about male sterilization. On average, currently married women know eight methods of family planning. Unmet Need for Family Planning. Unmet need for family planning is defined as the percentage of currently married women who either do not want any more children or want to wait before having their next birth, but are not using any method of family planning. The 2008 NDHS data show that the total unmet need for family planning in the Philippines is 22 percent, of which 13 percent is limiting and 9 percent is for spacing. The level of unmet need has increased from 17 percent in 2003. Overall, the total demand for family planning in the Philippines is 73 percent, of which 69 percent has been satisfied. If all of need were satisfied, a contraceptive prevalence rate of about 73 percent could, theoretically, be expected. Comparison with the 2003 NDHS indicates that the percentage of demand satisfied has declined from 75 percent. MATERNAL HEALTH Antenatal Care. Nine in ten Filipino mothers received some antenatal care (ANC) from a medical professional, either a nurse or midwife (52 percent) or a doctor (39 percent). Most women have at least four antenatal care visits. More than half (54 percent) of women had an antenatal care visit during the first trimester of pregnancy, as recommended. While more than 90 percent of women who received antenatal care had their blood pressure monitored and weight measured, only 54 percent had their urine sample taken and 47 percent had their blood sample taken. About seven in ten women were informed of pregnancy complications. Three in four births in the Philippines are protected against neonatal tetanus. Delivery and Postnatal Care. Only 44 percent of births in the Philippines occur in health facilities-27 percent in a public facility and 18 percent in a private facility. More than half (56 percent) of births are still delivered at home. Sixty-two percent of births are assisted by a health professional-35 percent by a doctor and 27 percent by a midwife or nurse. Thirty-six percent are assisted by a traditional birth attendant or hilot. About 10 percent of births are delivered by C-section. The Department of Health (DOH) recommends that mothers receive a postpartum check within 48 hours of delivery. A majority of women (77 percent) had a postnatal checkup within two days of delivery; 14 percent had a postnatal checkup 3 to 41 days after delivery. CHILD HEALTH Childhood Mortality. Childhood mortality continues to decline in the Philippines. Currently, about one in every 30 children in the Philippines dies before his or her fifth birthday. The infant mortality rate for the five years before the survey (roughly 2004-2008) is 25 deaths per 1,000 live births and the under-five mortality rate is 34 deaths per 1,000 live births. This is lower than the rates of 29 and 40 reported in 2003, respectively. The neonatal mortality rate, representing death in the first month of life, is 16 deaths per 1,000 live births. Under-five mortality decreases as household wealth increases; children from the poorest families are three times more likely to die before the age of five as those from the wealthiest families. There is a strong association between under-five mortality and mother's education. It ranges from 47 deaths per 1,000 live births among children of women with elementary education to 18 deaths per 1,000 live births among children of women who attended college. As in the 2003 NDHS, the highest level of under-five mortality is observed in ARMM (94 deaths per 1,000 live births), while the lowest is observed in NCR (24 deaths per 1,000 live births). NUTRITION Breastfeeding Practices. Eighty-eight percent of children born in the Philippines are breastfed. There has been no change in this practice since 1993. In addition, the median durations of any breastfeeding and of exclusive breastfeeding have remained at 14 months and less than one month, respectively. Although it is recommended that infants should not be given anything other than breast milk until six months of age, only one-third of Filipino children under six months are exclusively breastfed. Complementary foods should be introduced when a child is six months old to reduce the risk of malnutrition. More than half of children ages 6-9 months are eating complementary foods in addition to being breastfed. The Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) guidelines contain specific recommendations for the number of times that young children in various age groups should be fed each day as well as the number of food groups from which they should be fed. NDHS data indicate that just over half of children age 6-23 months (55 percent) were fed according to the IYCF guidelines. HIV/AIDS Awareness of HIV/AIDS. While over 94 percent of women have heard of AIDS, only 53 percent know the two major methods for preventing transmission of HIV (using condoms and limiting sex to one uninfected partner). Only 45 percent of young women age 15-49 know these two methods for preventing HIV transmission. Knowledge of prevention methods is higher in urban areas than in rural areas and increases dramatically with education and wealth. For example, only 16 percent of women with no education know that using condoms limits the risk of HIV infection compared with 69 percent of those who have attended college. TUBERCULOSIS Knowledge of TB. While awareness of tuberculosis (TB) is high, knowledge of its causes and symptoms is less common. Only 1 in 4 women know that TB is caused by microbes, germs or bacteria. Instead, respondents tend to say that TB is caused by smoking or drinking alcohol, or that it is inherited. Symptoms associated with TB are better recognized. Over half of the respondents cited coughing, while 39 percent mentioned weight loss, 35 percent mentioned blood in sputum, and 30 percent cited coughing with sputum. WOMEN'S STATUS Women's Status and Employment.

Определение: Плотность медицинских работников в разбивке по профессиям Определение: Плотность врачей: Плотность врачей определяется как количество врачей, включая врачей широкого профиля и врачей-специалистов-практиков, на 10 000 человек населения в данной национальной и/или субнациональной области. В Международной стандартной классификации занятий (ISCO) кодами групп единиц измерения, включенными в эту категорию, являются 221, 2211 и 2212 ISCO-08. Плотность сестринского и акушерского персонала: Плотность сестринского и акушерского персонала определяется как количество сестринского и акушерского персонала на 10 000 человек населения в данной национальной и/или субнациональной области. Коды ISCO-08, включенные в эту категорию, - 2221, 2222, 3221 и 32222. Плотность стоматологов: Плотность стоматологов определяется как количество стоматологов на 10 000 человек населения в данной национальной и/или субнациональной области. Коды ISCO-08, включенные в эту категорию, равны 2261. Плотность фармацевтов: Плотность фармацевтов определяется как количество фармацевтов на 10 000 человек населения в данной национальной и/или субнациональной области. Коды ISCO-08, включенные в эту категорию, равны 2262. Распределение медицинских работников по полу Процент врачей-мужчин: Процент врачей-мужчин от общего числа врачей на национальном уровне. Коды ISCO-08, включенные в эту категорию, - 221, 2211 и 2212. Процентная доля женщин-врачей: Процентная доля женщин-врачей от общего числа врачей на национальном уровне. Коды ISCO-08, включенные в эту категорию, - 221, 2211 и 2212. Процентная доля среднего медицинского персонала мужского пола: Доля среднего медицинского персонала мужского пола от общего числа среднего медицинского персонала на национальном уровне. Коды ISCO-08, включенные в эту категорию, - 2221 и 3221. Процентная доля женского сестринского персонала: Доля женского сестринского персонала в общей численности сестринского персонала на национальном уровне. Коды ISCO-08, включенные в эту категорию, - 2221 и 3221. [Переведено с en: английского языка] Тематическая область: Цели в области устойчивого развития [Переведено с en: английского языка] Область применения: ПОКАЗАТЕЛЬ 3.c.1 Плотность и распределение медицинских работников [Переведено с en: английского языка] Единица измерения: Процент [Переведено с en: английского языка] Источник данных: Национальная база данных о кадрах здравоохранения, ВОЗ. Доступна по адресу https://apps.who.int/nhwaportal. Конкретные источники и метаданные по странам приведены непосредственно в базе данных. [Переведено с es: испанского языка] Последнее обновление: Jan 7 2024 11:31PM Организация-источник: Глобальная база данных Организации Объединенных Наций по ЦУР [Переведено с en: английского языка] Definition: Health worker densities by occupation Definition: Density of medical doctors: The density of medical doctors is defined as the number of medical doctors, including generalists and specialist medical practitioners per 10,000 population in the given national and/or subnational area. The International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) unit group codes included in this category are 221, 2211 and 2212 of ISCO-08. Density of nursing and midwifery personnel: The density of nursing and midwifery personnel is defined as the number of nursing and midwifery personnel per 10,000 population in the given national and/or subnational area. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 2221, 2222, 3221 and 3222. Density of dentists: The density of dentists is defined as the number of dentists per 10,000 population in the given national and/or subnational area. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 2261. Density of pharmacists: The density of pharmacists is defined as the number of pharmacists per 10,000 population in the given national and/or subnational area. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 2262. Health worker distribution by sex Percentage of male medical doctors: Male doctors as percentage of all medical doctors at national level. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 221, 2211 and 2212. Percentage of female medical doctors: Female doctors as percentage of all medical doctors at national level. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 221, 2211 and 2212. Percentage of male nursing personnel: Male nursing personnel as percentage of all nursing personnel at national level. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 2221 and 3221. Percentage of female nursing personnel: Female nursing personnel as percentage of all nursing personnel at national level. The ISCO-08 codes included in this category are 2221 and 3221. Thematic Area: Sustainable Development Goals Application Area: INDICATOR 3.c.1 Health worker density and distribution Unit of Measurement: Percentage Data Source: National health Workforce Accounts database, WHO. Available at https://apps.who.int/nhwaportal. For the specific sources and metadata by country, refer to database directly. Last Update: Jan 7 2024 11:31PM Source Organization: United Nations Global SDG Database

Gender differences in time allocation among full-time physicians.

Factors associated with moderate/high overall pneumococcal knowledge among primary care doctors, Ukraine, 2021.

BackgroundThe Ukrainian Ministerial Order (UMO) recommends pneumococcal vaccine (PCV) in risk groups but not free-of-charge resulting in coverage