This dataset tracks annual white student percentage from 1991 to 2023 for Rural Hall Elementary School vs. North Carolina and Winston Salem / Forsyth County Schools School District

Slope-Area Index (SAI) is used to predict erosion along a stream channel. It is a function of channel slope, and drainage area upstream raised to the exponent used in equations for flood frequency of 2-percent exceedance floods. The guidelines for use of the coefficient from 2-percent exceedance came from meetings with cooperators describing bankfull discharge as a 2-percent exceedance. The Slope-Area Index, as defined by Cartwright and Diehl, 2017, is calculated as: SAI = S * A^b (1) where SAI is the slope-area index, S is the channel slope, A is the drainage area (the number of cells draining into the target cell), and b is a user-specified exponent. The flood frequency report for NC (Weaver and others, 2009) defines the regional regression equations for exceedance flows for rural basins in the Southeast. The 2-percent chance exceedance flow raises the Drainage Area uses a 0.60 coefficient for all the physiographic provinces other than Small Urban basins in the Piedmont. The Urban equations drainage area coefficients for 2-percent exceedance flow (Feaster and others, 2014) were used for Piedmont (HLR2) urban basins. Urban basins were defined as catchments which were greater than 10% developed (urban). For piedmont (HLR2, small urban le 3 dasqmi and pcturb gt 10%) SAI = slope*da^0.8 For piedmont (HLR2, small urban dasqmi gt 3 and le 436 and pcturb ge 10%) SAI = slope * da^.5

This study was undertaken to enable cross-community analysis of gang trends in all areas of the United States. It was also designed to provide a comparative analysis of social, economic, and demographic differences among non-metropolitan jurisdictions in which gangs were reported to have been persistent problems, those in which gangs had been more transitory, and those that reported no gang problems. Data were collected from four separate sources and then merged into a single dataset using the county Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) code as the attribute of common identification. The data sources included: (1) local police agency responses to three waves (1996, 1997, and 1998) of the National Youth Gang Survey (NYGS), (2) rural-urban classification and county-level measures of primary economic activity from the Economic Research Service (ERS) of the United States Department of Agriculture, (3) county-level economic and demographic data from the County and City Data Book, 1994, and from USA Counties, 1998, produced by the United States Department of Commerce, and (4) county-level data on access to interstate highways provided by Tom Ricketts and Randy Randolph of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Variables include the FIPS codes for state, county, county subdivision, and sub-county, population in the agency jurisdiction, type of jurisdiction, and whether the county was dependent on farming, mining, manufacturing, or government. Other variables categorizing counties include retirement destination, federal lands, commuting, persistent poverty, and transfer payments. The year gang problems began in that jurisdiction, number of youth groups, number of active gangs, number of active gang members, percent of gang members who migrated, and the number of gangs in 1996, 1997, and 1998 are also available. Rounding out the variables are unemployment rates, median household income, percent of persons in county below poverty level, percent of family households that were one-parent households, percent of housing units in the county that were vacant, had no telephone, or were renter-occupied, resident population of the county in 1990 and 1997, change in unemployment rates, land area of county, percent of persons in the county speaking Spanish at home, and whether an interstate highway intersected the county.

This dataset tracks annual black student percentage from 1991 to 2023 for Rural Hall Elementary School vs. North Carolina and Winston Salem / Forsyth County Schools School District

This dataset tracks annual hispanic student percentage from 1996 to 2023 for Rural Hall Elementary School vs. North Carolina and Winston Salem / Forsyth County Schools School District

This dataset tracks annual asian student percentage from 1994 to 2020 for Rural Hall Elementary School vs. North Carolina and Winston Salem / Forsyth County Schools School District

This dataset tracks annual two or more races student percentage from 2013 to 2023 for Rural Hall Elementary School vs. North Carolina and Winston Salem / Forsyth County Schools School District

Abstract

The 1993 KMPS was carried out under the direction of researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Paragon Research International, Inc., and the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.3 The government of the Kyrgyz Republic has recently established an open access policy in regards to the data collected in the KMPS (for details, see appendix A). The potential uses of this data set are quite broad given the multi-topic nature of the data and the fact that it was carried out at the national level.

The purpose of this paper is to provide detailed documentation of the KMPS in order to:

a) simplify its use for potential users thereby lowering start-up costs to analysts; b) ensure that the procedures used in the design, implementation and initial analysis of the survey are chronicled accurately.

Such documentation will serve both to facilitate use of the data set and to prevent misuse of the data due to misunderstandings of the sample and/or field work procedures.

Geographic coverage

The whole country.

Analysis unit

• Individuals
• Households
• Municipals

Universe

In this study, "household" was defined as a group of people who live together in a given domicile, who keep house together, and share common income and expenditures. Judging from the 1989 census, there were about 856'000 families containing 4'258'000 individuals living in Kyrgyzstan at that time and an average of about five members per family. The questionnaires are address to:

• Family in the households about their income and expenditures, and the health of all its members;
• Adult of the household from14 years and older, preferably privately;
• Children under the age of 14 years;
• Community abouts basic information on community services, infrastructure and economic structure;

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

According to the 1989 Census, there were about 856,000 families and 4,258,000 individuals living in the Kyrgyz Republic at that time (an average of about five members per family). Though the definition of 'household' used in the KMPS differs from the Census definition of 'family', this figure provided an estimate of the number of households from which the sample was to be drawn. Note that the sampling methodology assumes that any growth in the number of households since 1989 was equally distributed across regions. The target household sample size was 2,000. To allow for an estimated non-response rate of about five percent, a sample of 2,100 households was drawn. The actual number of completed household interviews was 1,938, reflecting a non response rate of 7.7 per cent. The response rate for individuals is more difficult to calculate, since some household members (eg. students under 18 studying elsewhere) could not be interviewed.

Sampling deviation

The sample is designed to be fully representative of all households in the Kyrgyz Republic in the second half of 1993. Stratification was based on information on the population provided in the 1989 Census (since results from the 1994 microcensus were not available at the time of the survey). A stratified, multi-stage sampling procedure was used, with the number of stages dependent on whether households were being drawn from urban or rural areas.13 The following is a brief description of the sampling process (summarized in table below).

                          Stages of the sampling process
                                            Non self-representing strata

Stage Self-representing strata Urban areas Rural areas 1st microcensus enumeration urban settlements rural settlements districts (cities) (villages) 2nd households microcensus household enumeration districts 3rd household

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Explanation of the five questionnaires of this study:

• The household questionnaire was administered to the person who best knew the business and concerns of the family, its income and expenditures, and the health of all its members. This respondent may not necessarily have been the head of the household, however the household questionnaire was not to be administered to a child.
• The adult individual questionnaire was administered personally to every member of the household 14 years and older, preferably privately. Interviewers were not permitted to fill out an adult questionnaire based on answers provided by another member of the household.
• The child individual questionnaire was completed for every member of the household under the age of 14 years. The questionnaire was administered to the adult member of the household who was responsible for caring for the child.
• The "Survey of Availability and Prices of Food Products and Fue"l contains three sections of information relating to retail outlets7 selling food products in the 'local area'8 of the households participating in the survey.
• Basic information on community services, infrastructure and economic structure were collected in this survey. A community, or 'immediate place of residence' is defined as the microcensus enumeration district in urban areas and the settlement (village) in rural areas. The survey includes preliminary identification data and details the raion, settlement identifier, microcensus enumeration district, date of survey and also the name of the person conducting the survey.

Cleaning operations

• The local supervisors were required to examine the questionnaires to locate problems which could be remedied in the field. Such problems included missing key demographic information and problem with household and individual identification numbers. All questionnaires were then sent to Bishkek, where they were again checked for identification number problems and then to Moscow, where yet another ID check was performed.

• Open-ended questions (eg. occupation and nationality questions) were not immediately coded. Instead, the responses were entered into the data set in text, to be coded at a later date. Codes for all open-ended questions except occupation were made available in midFebruary. Occupation codes were made available in June 1994.

• Data entry and verification of the household questionnaires was completed by a private data entry firm by January 25. All other data entry was handled in-house using the SPSS data program. The first entry of the 10,000 child and adult questionnaires began on December 20, 1993; the verification pass began on January 20 and was completed by February 2. Entry of the community and price surveys began in late January and was completed in two weeks.

Response rate

To allow for an estimated non-response rate of about five percent, a sample of 2,100 households was drawn. The actual number of completed household interviews was 1,938, reflecting a non response rate of 7.7 per cent. The response rate for individuals is more difficult to calculate, since some household members (eg. students under 18 studying elsewhere) could not be interviewed.