The SDG Indicator 7.1.1: Access to Electricity, 2023 Release data set, part of the Sustainable Development Goal Indicators (SDGI) collection, measures the proportion of the population with access to electricity for a given statistical area. UN SDG 7 is "ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all". Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report estimated that in 2019, 759 million people around the world lacked access to electricity. Moreover, due to current policies and the detrimental effects of the COVID-19 crisis, it is predicted that by 2030, 660 million people will still not have access to electricity, with a majority of these people residing in Sub-Saharan Africa. As one measure of progress towards SDG 7, the UN agreed upon SDG indicator 7.1.1. The indicator was computed as the proportion of WorldPop gridded population located within illuminated areas defined by annual VIIRS Nighttime Lights Version 2 (VNL V2) data. The SDG indicator 7.1.1 data set provides estimates for the proportion of population with access to electricity for 206 countries and 45,979 level 2 subnational Units. The data set is available at both national and level 2 subnational resolutions.

United States US: Access to Electricity: % of Population data was reported at 100.000 % in 2016. This stayed constant from the previous number of 100.000 % for 2015. United States US: Access to Electricity: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 100.000 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 100.000 % in 2016 and a record low of 100.000 % in 2016. United States US: Access to Electricity: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Energy Production and Consumption. Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted average;

This map shows electricity access in Africa. The data source is from the International Energy Agency’s World Energy Outlook. The International Energy Agency’s World Energy Outlook first constructed a database on electrification rates for WEO-2002. The database once again was updated for WEO-2015, showing detailed data on national, urban and rural electrification.

The general paucity of data on electricity access means that it must be gathered through a combination of sources, including: IEA energy statistics; a network of contacts spanning governments, multilateral development banks and country-level representatives of various international organisations; and, other publicly available statistics, such as US Agency for International Development (USAID) supported DHS survey data, the World Bank’s Living Standards Measurement Surveys (LSMS), the UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean’s (ECLAC) statistical publications, and data from national statistics agencies. In the small number of cases where no data could be provided through these channels other sources were used. If electricity access data for 2013 was not available, data for the latest available year was used.

For many countries, data on the urban and rural breakdown was collected, but if not available an estimate was made on the basis of pre-existing data or a comparison to the average correlation between urban and national electrification rates. Often only the percentage of households with a connection is known and assumptions about an average household size are used to determine access rates as a percentage of the population. To estimate the number of people without access, population data comes from OECD statistics in conjunction with the United Nations Population Division reports World Urbanization Prospects: the 2014 Revision Population Database, and World Population Prospects: the 2012 Revision. Electricity access data is adjusted to be consistent with demographic patterns of urban and rural population. Due to differences in definitions and methodology from different sources, data quality may vary from country to country. Where country data appeared contradictory, outdated or unreliable, the IEA Secretariat made estimates based on cross-country comparisons and earlier surveys.

Ivory Coast CI: Access to Electricity: % of Population data was reported at 64.300 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 64.086 % for 2015. Ivory Coast CI: Access to Electricity: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 51.400 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 64.300 % in 2016 and a record low of 36.500 % in 1994. Ivory Coast CI: Access to Electricity: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ivory Coast – Table CI.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted average;

Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.

Introduction

In 2015, the United Nations established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with Goal 7 focusing on ensuring access to affordable, reliable, and sustainable modern energy for all by 2030. By 2022, approximately 760 million people, or 1 in 11 globally still lacked electricity access according to Tracking SDG7 :The Energy Progress Report 2022, posing significant challenges to achieving this goal. Traditional survey methods for estimating the proportion of people with electricity access are often costly, infrequently updated, and hindered by the need for interpolation of historical data.

To address these challenges, this dataset employs a nighttime light remote sensing estimation framework that integrates DMSP-CCNL and NPP/VIIRS data with GlobPOP population data. This approach produces a global 0.1-degree grid and national-scale electricity access index (EAI) maps from 1992 to 2022.

The framework results' correlation coefficient (R) with World Bank survey data from 1992 to 2022 is 0.87, and the RMSE is 15.4, demonstrating its reliability at the national level. By effectively capturing geospatial changes, this dataset supports SDG 7.1.1 monitoring and offers valuable insights for policymakers to address electricity access disparities and promote sustainable energy transitions.

Data Description

1. This dataset consists of 0.1-degree grid Electricity Access Index (EAI) data in GeoTIFF format, where each pixel value represents the proportion of the population with access to electricity within that area.

Example Filename: EAI_0dot1_Deg_WGS84_F32_1992

• Field 1: EAI (Proportion of people with access to electricity)
• Field 2&3: Spatial resolution is 0.1 degree
• Field 4: Coordinate system is WGS84
• Field 5: Data type is F32 (Float32)
• Field 6: Year "1992"

2. Aggregated EAI data at the national scale is provided in both Shapefile and CSV formats:

• Table Filename: EAI_Level_0_1992_2022.csv

  • Fields include:

    • SOC (Country code)
    • Name (Country name)
    • National EAI data from 1992 to 2022
• Shape Filename: EAI_Level_0_1992_2022.shp
  • • Boundary data sourced from GADM (Database of Global Administrative Areas)

3. The pixel-level (30 arc-seconds) Electricity Accessed Population Density is provided in GeoTIFF format, as identified through nighttime light (NTL) data.

Example Filename: Elec_PopDen_WGS84_30arc_F32_1992

• Field 1 & 2: Population Density with access to electricity (per km^2)
• Field 3: Coordinate system is WGS84
• Field 4: Spatial resolution is 30 arc-seconds
• Field 5: Data type is F32 (Float32)
• Field 6: Year "1992"

If you encounter any issues, please contact us via email at liu.luling.k2@s.mail.nagoya-u.ac.jp.

More Information

The source codes are publicly available at GitHub: https://github.com/lulingliu/EAI.

This dataset shows the percentage of Cambodia’s population with access to electricity from 1998 to 2022. Access has steadily increased over time, rising from under 20% in the late 1990s to over 90% by 2022. This reflects major progress in the country's energy infrastructure and rural electrification.

This layer displays the percentage of the population with access to electricity. Source: The World Bank

France FR: Access to Electricity: % of Population data was reported at 100.000 % in 2016. This stayed constant from the previous number of 100.000 % for 2015. France FR: Access to Electricity: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 100.000 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 100.000 % in 2016 and a record low of 100.000 % in 2016. France FR: Access to Electricity: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s France – Table FR.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted average;

Kazakhstan KZ: Access to Electricity: % of Population data was reported at 100.000 % in 2016. This stayed constant from the previous number of 100.000 % for 2015. Kazakhstan KZ: Access to Electricity: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 99.189 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 100.000 % in 2016 and a record low of 97.000 % in 1999. Kazakhstan KZ: Access to Electricity: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kazakhstan – Table KZ.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted average;

Over the past half a century, the world's electricity consumption has continuously grown, reaching approximately 27,000 terawatt-hours by 2023. Between 1980 and 2023, electricity consumption more than tripled, while the global population reached eight billion people. Growth in industrialization and electricity access across the globe have further boosted electricity demand. China's economic rise and growth in global power use Since 2000, China's GDP has recorded an astonishing 15-fold increase, turning it into the second-largest global economy, behind only the United States. To fuel the development of its billion-strong population and various manufacturing industries, China requires more energy than any other country. As a result, it has become the largest electricity consumer in the world. Electricity consumption per capita In terms of per capita electricity consumption, China and other BRIC countries are still vastly outpaced by developed economies with smaller population sizes. Iceland, with a population of less than half a million inhabitants, consumes by far the most electricity per person in the world. Norway, Qatar, Canada, and the United States also have among the highest consumption rates. Multiple contributing factors such as the existence of power-intensive industries, household sizes, living situations, appliance and efficiency standards, and access to alternative heating fuels determine the amount of electricity the average person requires in each country.

Indicator 7.1.1Proportion of population with access to electricity.Methodology:To estimate values, a multilevel nonparametric modelling approach—developed by the World Health Organization to estimate clean fuel usage—was adapted to predict electricity access and used to fill in the missing data points for the time period between 1990 and 2019. Where data is available, access estimates are weighted by population. Multilevel nonparametric modelling considers the hierarchical structure of data (country and regional levels), using the regional classification of the United Nations.The model is applied for all countries with at least one data point. In order to use as much real data as possible, results based on real survey data are reported in their original form for all years available. The statistical model is used to fill in data only for years where they are missing and to conduct global and regional analyses. In the absence of survey data for a given year, information from regional trends was borrowed. The difference between real data points and estimated values is clearly identified in the database.Data Source:Planning and Statistic Authority.

This layer displays the percentage of the population with access to electricity. Source: The World Bank

Thailand TH: Access to Electricity: % of Population data was reported at 100.000 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 99.600 % for 2015. Thailand TH: Access to Electricity: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 90.282 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 100.000 % in 2016 and a record low of 75.899 % in 1990. Thailand TH: Access to Electricity: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Thailand – Table TH.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted average;

Mexico MX: Access to Electricity: % of Population data was reported at 100.000 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 99.000 % for 2015. Mexico MX: Access to Electricity: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 98.007 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 100.000 % in 2016 and a record low of 93.146 % in 1992. Mexico MX: Access to Electricity: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted average;

This map shows electricity access in Asia and the Pacific. The data source is from the International Energy Agency’s World Energy Outlook. The International Energy Agency’s World Energy Outlook first constructed a database on electrification rates for WEO-2002. The database once again was updated for WEO-2015, showing detailed data on national, urban and rural electrification.

The general paucity of data on electricity access means that it must be gathered through a combination of sources, including: IEA energy statistics; a network of contacts spanning governments, multilateral development banks and country-level representatives of various international organisations; and, other publicly available statistics, such as US Agency for International Development (USAID) supported DHS survey data, the World Bank’s Living Standards Measurement Surveys (LSMS), the UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean’s (ECLAC) statistical publications, and data from national statistics agencies. In the small number of cases where no data could be provided through these channels other sources were used. If electricity access data for 2013 was not available, data for the latest available year was used.

For many countries, data on the urban and rural breakdown was collected, but if not available an estimate was made on the basis of pre-existing data or a comparison to the average correlation between urban and national electrification rates. Often only the percentage of households with a connection is known and assumptions about an average household size are used to determine access rates as a percentage of the population. To estimate the number of people without access, population data comes from OECD statistics in conjunction with the United Nations Population Division reports World Urbanization Prospects: the 2014 Revision Population Database, and World Population Prospects: the 2012 Revision. Electricity access data is adjusted to be consistent with demographic patterns of urban and rural population. Due to differences in definitions and methodology from different sources, data quality may vary from country to country. Where country data appeared contradictory, outdated or unreliable, the IEA Secretariat made estimates based on cross-country comparisons and earlier surveys.

Libya LY: Access to Electricity: % of Population data was reported at 98.537 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 98.529 % for 2015. Libya LY: Access to Electricity: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 99.202 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 99.868 % in 1994 and a record low of 98.517 % in 2013. Libya LY: Access to Electricity: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Libya – Table LY.World Bank.WDI: Energy Production and Consumption. Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted average;

Georgia GE: Access to Electricity: % of Population data was reported at 100.000 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 99.993 % for 2015. Georgia GE: Access to Electricity: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 98.932 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 100.000 % in 2016 and a record low of 97.334 % in 1990. Georgia GE: Access to Electricity: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Georgia – Table GE.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted average;

South Africa ZA: Access to Electricity: % of Population data was reported at 84.200 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 85.500 % for 2015. South Africa ZA: Access to Electricity: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 78.800 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 86.000 % in 2014 and a record low of 57.600 % in 1996. South Africa ZA: Access to Electricity: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Africa – Table ZA.World Bank: Energy Production and Consumption. Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.; ; World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.; Weighted average;

India Access to Electricity: % of Population data was reported at 99.500 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 99.200 % for 2022. India Access to Electricity: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 74.100 % from Dec 1993 (Median) to 2023, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 99.600 % in 2021 and a record low of 49.811 % in 1994. India Access to Electricity: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.World Bank.WDI: Social: Access to Services. Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.;IEA, IRENA, UNSD, World Bank, WHO. 2023. Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report. World Bank, Washington DC. © World Bank. License: Creative Commons Attribution—NonCommercial 3.0 IGO (CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO).;Weighted average;