This service shows the percentage of population, excluding institutional residents, with knowledge of English and French for Canada by 2016 census subdivision. The data is from the Census Profile, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001.

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. For additional information refer to 'Knowledge of official languages' in the 2016 Census Dictionary.

For additional information refer to 'Knowledge of official languages' in the 2016 Census Dictionary.

To have a cartographic representation of the ecumene with this socio-economic indicator, it is recommended to add as the first layer, the “NRCan - 2016 population ecumene by census subdivision” web service, accessible in the data resources section below.

This service shows the predominant mother tongue in each census division based on English, French or non-official language. The data is from the data table Mother Tongue (10), Age (27) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 100% Data, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016046. Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Data on the first official language spoken of the population of Canada and Canada outside Quebec, and of all provinces and territories, for Census years 1971 to 2016.

In August 2017 Statistics Canada released data from the 2016 census focusing on language characteristics of the Canadian population, including mother tongue, knowledge of official languages, languages most often spoken at home and other home languages. This information product from the Office of Statistics and Information analyses the data from an Alberta perspective. In Alberta, the majority of people speak English but immigrant languages, especially those from Asian countries, are becoming increasingly common. In addition, Aboriginal languages are increasingly being used in households.

This map shows the percentage of the Canadian population whose mother tongue is English. The 1996 Census defines mother tongue as the first language a person learned at home in childhood and still understood at the time of the census. The 1996 Census showed that 24.0 million Canadians could speak English (84%), 19.3 million spoke English most often at home (68%) and 17.1 million had English mother tongue (60%).

Enrolments in regular second language programs (or core language programs), French immersion programs, and education programs in the minority official language offered in public elementary and secondary schools, by type of program, grade and sex.

Percentage of employees required to be bilingual in English and French, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), business employment size, type of business, business activity and majority ownership, third quarter of 2022.

Statistics Canada's 2016 Census data regarding official languages, mother tongue, and languages spoken at work and home. Keywords: Language, speak, official, English, French, work Statistics Canada. 2017. Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017. https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E

Statistics Canada's 2011 Census data regarding official languages, mother tongue, and languages spoken at work and home. Keywords: Language, speak, official, English, French, work Statistics Canada. 2012. Census Profile. 2011 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-XWE. Ottawa. Released May 21 2014. https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E

This Alberta Official Statistic compares the knowledge of languages among the Aboriginal Identity population in provinces and territories, based on self-assessment of the ability to converse in the language. Based on the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS), English is the most common language known by the Aboriginal Identity Population across Canada. In most provinces, nearly 100% of the Aboriginal Identity population can converse in English. The lowest proportion of English-speaking Aboriginal people is in Quebec, where the majority speak French. The highest proportion of Aboriginal people who speak Aboriginal languages was in Nunavut at 88.6%, followed by Quebec (32.4%) and the Northwest Territories (32.1%). In Alberta, more Aboriginal people are able to speak Aboriginal languages (15.1%) than are able to speak French or other (non-Aboriginal) languages. The proportion of Alberta Aboriginal people able to speak Aboriginal languages was sixth highest among provinces and territories.