Sadly, the trend of fatal police shootings in the United States seems to only be increasing, with a total 1,173 civilians having been shot, 248 of whom were Black, as of December 2024. In 2023, there were 1,164 fatal police shootings. Additionally, the rate of fatal police shootings among Black Americans was much higher than that for any other ethnicity, standing at 6.1 fatal shootings per million of the population per year between 2015 and 2024. Police brutality in the U.S. In recent years, particularly since the fatal shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri in 2014, police brutality has become a hot button issue in the United States. The number of homicides committed by police in the United States is often compared to those in countries such as England, where the number is significantly lower. Black Lives Matter The Black Lives Matter Movement, formed in 2013, has been a vocal part of the movement against police brutality in the U.S. by organizing “die-ins”, marches, and demonstrations in response to the killings of black men and women by police. While Black Lives Matter has become a controversial movement within the U.S., it has brought more attention to the number and frequency of police shootings of civilians.

This dataset was retrieved from the U.S. Department of Justice Federal Bureau of Investigation Criminal Justice Information Services Division website on February 29, 2008. "This table provides the total number of state law enforcement employees, the total number of male officers, the total number of female officers, the total number of male civilian employees, and the total number of female civilian employees". Values for individual agencies were aggregated for each state. Estimated population was added for each state for 2006 that appeared on Table 5 of the data from 2006. "The FBI collects these data through the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program". Please see the Data Declaration for further information on the data set. Values of -1 represent no value.

This project provided the first large-scale examination of the police response to intimate partner violence and of the practice known as "dual arrest." The objectives of the project were: (1) to describe the prevalence and context of dual arrest in the United States, (2) to explain the variance in dual arrest rates throughout the United States, (3) to describe dual arrest within the full range of the police response to intimate partner violence, (4) to analyze the factors associated with no arrest, single arrest, and dual arrest, (5) to examine the reasons why women are arrested in intimate partner cases, and (6) to describe how the criminal justice system treats women who have been arrested for domestic violence. Data for the project were collected in two phases. In Phase I, researchers examined all assault and intimidation cases in the year 2000 National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) database (NATIONAL INCIDENT-BASED REPORTING SYSTEM, 2000 [ICPSR 3449]) to investigate the extent to which dual arrest is occurring nationwide, the relationship between incident and offender characteristics, and the effect of state laws on police handling of these cases for all relationship types. Because the NIBRS dataset contained a limited number of incident-specific variables that helped explain divergent arrest practices, in Phase II, researchers collected more detailed information on a subset of NIBRS cases from 25 police departments of varying sizes across four states. This phase of the study was restricted to intimate partner and other domestic violence cases. Additional data were collected for these cases to evaluate court case outcomes and subsequent re-offending. This phase also included an assessment of how closely department policy reflected state law in a larger sample of agencies within five states. The data in Part 1 (Phase I Data) contain 577,862 records from the NIBRS. This includes information related to domestic violence incidents such as the most serious offense against the victim, the most serious victim injury, the assault type, date of incident, and the counts of offenses, offenders, victims, and arrests for the incident. The data also include information related to the parties involved in the incident including demographics for the victim(s) and arrestee(s) and the relationship between victim(s) and arrestee(s). There is also information related to the jurisdiction in which the incident occurred such as population, urban/rural classification, and whether the jurisdiction is located in a metropolitan area. There are also variables pertaining to whether a weapon was used, the date of arrest, and the type of arrest. Also included are variables regarding the police department such as the number of male and female police officers and civilians employed. The data in Part 2 (Phase II Data) contain 4,388 cases and include all of the same variables as those in Part 1. In addition to these variables, there are variables such as whether the offender was on the scene when the police arrived, who reported the incident, the exact nature of injuries suffered by the involved parties, victim and offender substance use, offender demeanor, and presence of children. Also included are variables related to the number of people including police and civilians who were on the scene, the number of people who were questioned, whether there were warrants for the victim(s) or offender(s), whether citations were issued, whether arrests were made, whether any cases were prosecuted, the number of charges filed and against whom, and the sentences for prosecuted cases that resulted in conviction. The data in Part 3 (Police Department Policy Data) contain 282 cases and include variables regarding whether the department had a domestic violence policy, what the department's arrest policy was, whether a police report needed to be made, whether the policy addressed mutual violence, whether the policy instructed how to determine the primary aggressor, and what factors were taken into account in making a decision to arrest. There is also information related to the proportion of arrests involving intimate partners, the proportion of arrests involving other domestics, the proportion of arrests involving acquaintances, and the proportion of arrests involving strangers.

This dataset provides information about duly sworn city, university and college, county, state, tribal, and federal law enforcement officers who were feloniously killed in the line of duty from 1997-2006 in the entire United States. More non-geographic statistics about these fatalities can be found at http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/killed/2006/feloniouslykilled.html note: Data from the past 10 years do not include the officers who died as a result of the events of September 11, 2001. http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/killed/2006/table1.html

This dataset shows the percentage of State Employees that work in Corrections by state in the year 2006. This data was brought to our attention by the Pew Charitable Trusts in their report titled, One in 100: Behind Bars in America 2008. The main emphasis of the article emphasizes the point that in 2007 1 in every 100 Americans were in prison. To note: The District of Columbia is not included. D.C. prisoners were transferred to federal custody in 2001

The purpose of this study was to use data from the National Crime Survey (NCS) and the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) to explore whether the likelihood of police notification by rape victims had increased between 1973-2000. To avoid the ambiguities that could arise in analyses across the two survey periods, the researchers analyzed the NCS (1973-1991) and NCVS data (1992-2000) separately. They focused on incidents that involved a female victim and one or more male offenders. The sample for 1973-1991 included 1,609 rapes and the corresponding sample for 1992-2000 contained 636 rapes. In their analyses, the researchers controlled for changes in forms of interviewing used in the NCS and NCVS. Logistic regression was used to estimate effects on the measures of police notification. The analyses incorporated the currently best available methods of accounting for design effects in the NCS and NCVS. Police notification served as the dependent variable in the study and was measured in two ways. First, the analysis included a polytomous dependent variable that contrasted victim reported incidents and third-party reported incidents, respectively, with nonreported incidents. Second, a binary dependent variable, police notified, also was included. The primary independent variables in the analysis were the year of occurrence of the incident reported by the victim and the relationship between the victim and the offender. The regression models estimated included several control variables, including measures of respondents' socioeconomic status, as well as other victim, offender, and incident characteristics that may be related both to the nature of rape and to the likelihood that victims notify the police.

This dataset shows the amount of money that each state spent on their Corrections program both in percentage of the Overall amount of money spent in the State and as a total amount of money. This data was brought to our attention by the Pew Charitable Trusts in their report titled, One in 100: Behind Bars in America 2008. The main emphasis of the article emphasizes the point that in 2007 1 in every 100 Americans were in prison. To note: The District of Columbia is not included. D.C. prisoners were transferred to federal custody in 2001.

This dataset shows the comparison between the amount of spending that was spent on higher education and corrections by each state in the United States from 1987 to 2007. This data was brought to our attention by the Pew Charitable Trusts in their report titled, "One in 100: Behind Bars in America 2008." The main emphasis of the article emphasizes the point that in 2007 1 in every 100 Americans were in prison. To note: Many states have not completed their data verification process. Final published figures may differ slightly. The District of Columbia is not included. D.C. prisoners were transferred to federal custody in 2001

This dataset provides information about duly sworn city, university and college, county, state, tribal, and federal law enforcement officers who were accidentally killed in the line of duty from 1997-2006 in the Northeast. More non-geographic statistics about these fatalities can be found at http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/killed/2006/accidentallykilled.html http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/killed/2006/table46.html

Notes for publication The table presented is based on the data from the Police Crime Statistics (PKS) of the State of Schleswig-Holstein. These are the results of the police investigation before handing them over to the public prosecutor's office or the court. The PKS contains the illegal offences that have become known to the police, including the attempts threatened with punishment, the number of suspects identified and a number of other information on cases, victims or suspects. The data refer to a closed reporting year and are published annually for the previous calendar year. ##Table specific: Table 1 (basic table) This dataset contains basic data on the offences, broken down by offences and groups of offences, which were recorded in Schleswig-Holstein in the corresponding reporting year. ##Structure of the table The following columns are included: - Key number of the offence - Crime key number (key of the respective offences or sum key) - Offence - plain text of the offence or the sum key - Cases - Number of cases -% share of all offences - Share of total number of offences - Experiments - Number of experiments - Trials in % - Percentage of trials in total cases - Crime scene - Number of cases by crime scene size classes - With a firearm - Number of cases where a firearm was threatened or fired - Cases resolved during the reporting period - Number of cases resolved - Percentage of cases solved - Percentage of cases solved - Total number of suspects identified - Total number of suspects identified - Male - Number of male suspects - Female - Number of female suspects - Non-German suspects - Number of non-German suspects including percentage of total suspects - The preceding number in brackets (1) - (19) denotes the column numbering. Character set: Western European (Windows – 1252/WinLatin 1)

The United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has been credited with saving millions lives and helping to change the trajectory of the global human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. This study assesses whether PEPFAR has had impacts beyond health by examining changes in five economic and educational outcomes in PEPFAR countries: the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth rate; the share of girls and share of boys, respectively, who are out of school; and female and male employment rates. We constructed a panel data set for 157 low- and middle-income countries between 1990 and 2018 to estimate the macroeconomic impacts of PEPFAR. Our PEPFAR group included 90 countries that had received PEPFAR support over the period. Our comparison group included 67 low- and middle-income countries that had not received any PEPFAR support or had received minimal PEPFAR support (