India Women Making Their Own Informed Decisions Regarding Sexual Relations, Contraceptive Use and Reproductive Health Care: % Aged 15-49 data was reported at 65.600 % in 2021. India Women Making Their Own Informed Decisions Regarding Sexual Relations, Contraceptive Use and Reproductive Health Care: % Aged 15-49 data is updated yearly, averaging 65.600 % from Dec 2021 (Median) to 2021, with 1 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 65.600 % in 2021 and a record low of 65.600 % in 2021. India Women Making Their Own Informed Decisions Regarding Sexual Relations, Contraceptive Use and Reproductive Health Care: % Aged 15-49 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Proportion of women ages 15-49 years (married or in union) who make their own decision on all three selected areas i.e. can say no to sexual intercourse with their husband or partner if they do not want; decide on use of contraception; and decide on their own health care. Only women who provide a “yes” answer to all three components are considered as women who “make her own decisions regarding sexual and reproductive”.;Demographic and Health Surveys compiled by United Nations Population Fund. Retrieved on February 14, 2023, from the SDG Global database API (https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/UNSDGAPIV5/swagger/index.html).;;This is the Sustainable Development Goal indicator 5.6.1[https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/].

India IN: Mortality from CVD, Cancer, Diabetes or CRD between Exact Ages 30 and 70: Female data was reported at 19.800 NA in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 20.000 NA for 2015. India IN: Mortality from CVD, Cancer, Diabetes or CRD between Exact Ages 30 and 70: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 21.200 NA from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2016, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23.400 NA in 2000 and a record low of 19.800 NA in 2016. India IN: Mortality from CVD, Cancer, Diabetes or CRD between Exact Ages 30 and 70: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD is the percent of 30-year-old-people who would die before their 70th birthday from any of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, or chronic respiratory disease, assuming that s/he would experience current mortality rates at every age and s/he would not die from any other cause of death (e.g., injuries or HIV/AIDS).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;

Abstract

The National Family Health Survey 2019-21 (NFHS-5), the fifth in the NFHS series, provides information on population, health, and nutrition for India, each state/union territory (UT), and for 707 districts.

The primary objective of the 2019-21 round of National Family Health Surveys is to provide essential data on health and family welfare, as well as data on emerging issues in these areas, such as levels of fertility, infant and child mortality, maternal and child health, and other health and family welfare indicators by background characteristics at the national and state levels. Similar to NFHS-4, NFHS-5 also provides information on several emerging issues including perinatal mortality, high-risk sexual behaviour, safe injections, tuberculosis, noncommunicable diseases, and the use of emergency contraception.

The information collected through NFHS-5 is intended to assist policymakers and programme managers in setting benchmarks and examining progress over time in India’s health sector. Besides providing evidence on the effectiveness of ongoing programmes, NFHS-5 data will help to identify the need for new programmes in specific health areas.

The clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical (CAB) component of NFHS-5 is designed to provide vital estimates of the prevalence of malnutrition, anaemia, hypertension, high blood glucose levels, and waist and hip circumference, Vitamin D3, HbA1c, and malaria parasites through a series of biomarker tests and measurements.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Children age 0-5
• Woman age 15-49
• Man age 15 to 54

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), all women aged 15-49, all men age 15-54, and all children aged 0-5 resident in the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

A uniform sample design, which is representative at the national, state/union territory, and district level, was adopted in each round of the survey. Each district is stratified into urban and rural areas. Each rural stratum is sub-stratified into smaller substrata which are created considering the village population and the percentage of the population belonging to scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (SC/ST). Within each explicit rural sampling stratum, a sample of villages was selected as Primary Sampling Units (PSUs); before the PSU selection, PSUs were sorted according to the literacy rate of women age 6+ years. Within each urban sampling stratum, a sample of Census Enumeration Blocks (CEBs) was selected as PSUs. Before the PSU selection, PSUs were sorted according to the percentage of SC/ST population. In the second stage of selection, a fixed number of 22 households per cluster was selected with an equal probability systematic selection from a newly created list of households in the selected PSUs. The list of households was created as a result of the mapping and household listing operation conducted in each selected PSU before the household selection in the second stage. In all, 30,456 Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) were selected across the country in NFHS-5 drawn from 707 districts as on March 31st 2017, of which fieldwork was completed in 30,198 PSUs.

For further details on sample design, see Section 1.2 of the final report.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

Four survey schedules/questionnaires: Household, Woman, Man, and Biomarker were canvassed in 18 local languages using Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI).

Cleaning operations

Electronic data collected in the 2019-21 National Family Health Survey were received on a daily basis via the SyncCloud system at the International Institute for Population Sciences, where the data were stored on a password-protected computer. Secondary editing of the data, which required resolution of computer-identified inconsistencies and coding of open-ended questions, was conducted in the field by the Field Agencies and at the Field Agencies central office, and IIPS checked the secondary edits before the dataset was finalized.

Field-check tables were produced by IIPS and the Field Agencies on a regular basis to identify certain types of errors that might have occurred in eliciting information and recording question responses. Information from the field-check tables on the performance of each fieldwork team and individual investigator was promptly shared with the Field Agencies during the fieldwork so that the performance of the teams could be improved, if required.

Response rate

A total of 664,972 households were selected for the sample, of which 653,144 were occupied. Among the occupied households, 636,699 were successfully interviewed, for a response rate of 98 percent.

In the interviewed households, 747,176 eligible women age 15-49 were identified for individual women’s interviews. Interviews were completed with 724,115 women, for a response rate of 97 percent. In all, there were 111,179 eligible men age 15-54 in households selected for the state module. Interviews were completed with 101,839 men, for a response rate of 92 percent.

India IN: Share of Female Employment in Senior and Middle Management data was reported at 12.890 % in 2012. This records an increase from the previous number of 12.230 % for 2010. India IN: Share of Female Employment in Senior and Middle Management data is updated yearly, averaging 13.420 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2012, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.220 % in 2005 and a record low of 12.230 % in 2010. India IN: Share of Female Employment in Senior and Middle Management data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.World Bank.WDI: Employment and Unemployment. The proportion of females in total employment in senior and middle management. It corresponds to major group 1 in both ISCO-08 and ISCO-88 minus category 14 in ISCO-08 (hospitality, retail and other services managers) and minus category 13 in ISCO-88 (general managers), since these comprise mainly managers of small enterprises.; ; International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved in November 2018.; ;

Literacy in India has been increasing as more and more people receive a better education, but it is still far from all-encompassing. In 2022, the degree of literacy in India was about 76.32 percent, with the majority of literate Indians being men. It is estimated that the global literacy rate for people aged 15 and above is about 86 percent. How to read a literacy rateIn order to identify potential for intellectual and educational progress, the literacy rate of a country covers the level of education and skills acquired by a country’s inhabitants. Literacy is an important indicator of a country’s economic progress and the standard of living – it shows how many people have access to education. However, the standards to measure literacy cannot be universally applied. Measures to identify and define illiterate and literate inhabitants vary from country to country: In some, illiteracy is equated with no schooling at all, for example. Writings on the wallGlobally speaking, more men are able to read and write than women, and this disparity is also reflected in the literacy rate in India – with scarcity of schools and education in rural areas being one factor, and poverty another. Especially in rural areas, women and girls are often not given proper access to formal education, and even if they are, many drop out. Today, India is already being surpassed in this area by other emerging economies, like Brazil, China, and even by most other countries in the Asia-Pacific region. To catch up, India now has to offer more educational programs to its rural population, not only on how to read and write, but also on traditional gender roles and rights.

Abstract

The District Level Household and facility Survey (DLHS) is a household survey at the district level and in DLHS-3, the survey covered 611 districts in India. The total number of households representing a district varies from 1000 to 1500 households. The DLHS-3 is designed to provide information on family planning, maternal and child health, reproductive health of ever married women and adolescent girls, utilization of maternal and child healthcare services at the district level for India. In addition, DLHS-3 also provides information on new-born care, post-natal care within 48 hours, role of ASHA in enhancing the reproductive and child health care and coverage of Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY). An important component of DLHS-3 is the integration of Facility Survey of health institution (Sub centre, Primary Health Centre, Community Health Centre and District Hospital) accessible to the sampled villages. The focus of DLHS-3 is to provide health care and utilization indicators at the district level for the enhancement of the activities under National Rural Health Mission (NRHM).

Documentation

You can access the data at the International Institute for Population Sciences.\

Methodology

Survey design and sample size

The survey as well as the preparation of reports was carried out in two separate phases. Approximately 50 percent of the districts from each state and union territory were covered in each phase. The survey for phase I was carried out from May to November, 1998 and for phase II it was carried out from to October, 1999. In the first phase of the RHS, 50 percent of the total districts in India as existing in 1995 were selected for the survey. Systematic random sampling was adopted for the selection of the districts for phase1. For selection purposes, districts within the state were arranged alphabetically, and starting at random from either first or second district, alternative districts were selected. The second phase covered all the remaining districts of the country.

In each of the selected districts, 50 Primary Sampling Units (PSUs), i.e. either villages or urban wards were selected adopting probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling. The village/ ward level population as per the 1991 census was used for this purpose. The sample size for DLHS-DLHS was fixed at 1000 households with 20 households from each PSU. In order to take care of non-response due to various reasons, 10 percent over sampling was done. In other words, 22 households from each PSU were selected. The selection of the households in a PSU was done after listing of all the households in the PSUs. For the selection of households circular systematic random sampling was adopted. In the first phase the work of drawing sample of PSUs was entrusted to the Institute of Research in Medical Statistics (IRMS), New Delhi and in the second phase IIPS did the sampling of PSUs in all the districts.

House listing

House listing involved the preparation of a location map of each PSU and layout sketch of the structures and recording details of the households in the village/census enumeration block. An independent team comprising of one lister and one mapper carried out the houselisting exercise.

Complete listing was carried out in villages with population up to 1500. In the case of larger villages, with more than 1500 population, the village was divided into two or more segments of equal size, one segment was selected at random for listing and in the selected segment complete listing was carried out. In the urban wards with population exceeding 1500 one census enumeration block was selected at random.

** ****Questionnaires**

Two types of questionnaires were used in the survey: the household questionnaire and the woman’s questionnaire. IIPS in consultation with MoHFW and World Bank decided the overall contents of the questionnaires. These questionnaires were discussed and finalized in training-cum-workshop organized at IIPS during the third week of May 1998. Representatives of Regional Agencies, MoHFW, IIPS and World Bank participated in this workshop. IIPS carried out pre-testing of these questionnaires in Maharashtra. Questionnaires were also pre-tested in different languages by regional agencies. Though the overall contents of questionnaire for both the phases were the same, there were some changes in the second phase. The changes were mainly regarding ordering and phrasing of the questions. The household questionnaire was used to list all the eligible women in the selected households (de jure) and to collect information on marriages and births among the usual residents. In the first phase the reference period for the recording of marriages and births was from 1st January 1995 to survey date and in the second phase it was from 1st January 1996 to survey date. For all the marriages reported in the survey, age at marriage of boy/ girl of that household who got marri

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