This is a linked dataset between drinking water data and cancer data. Drinking Water Data: County-level concentrations of arsenic from CWSs between 2000 and 2010 were collected from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) National Environmental Public Health Tracking Network (NEPHTN) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018a). Annual mean drinking water arsenic concentrations from 2000 to 2010 were available for a total of 87,662 samples from 75,453 CWS from 26 states, representing 1,425 counties. For samples identified as non-detects, the most frequently reported values were 0.5 ppb and 1 ppb, with a range of 0 ppb to 10 ppb. For non-detect samples reported as zero, the value was substituted with a constant of 0.25 ppb (Almberg et al., 2017; Bulka et al., 2016). Of the samples that were reported as non-detects, 10.87% were reported as zeros. Cancer Data: County-level cancer counts and incidence rates for bladder, colorectal, and kidney cancers were acquired from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and CDC’s State Cancer Profiles for 2011 through 2015 for adults (age ≥ 50) to match the counties with exposure data (National Cancer Institute and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018a). We utilized the time period 2011-2015 to provide a lag following the exposure period of 2000-2010. The State Cancer Profiles provide age-adjusted county-level cancer incidence, prevalence, mortality rates and average annual counts for 20 different types of cancers and select demographics (National Cancer Institute and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018b). Counties where there were less than 16 reported cases in a specific county, sex, and/or race category were suppressed to ensure confidentiality and stability of rate estimates (National Cancer Institute and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018a). This dataset is associated with the following publication: Krajewski, A., M. Jimenez, K. Rappazzo, D. Lobdell, and J. Jagai. Aggregated Cumulative County Arsenic in Drinking Water and Associations with Bladder, Colorectal, and Kidney Cancers, Accounting for Population Served. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology. Nature Publishing Group, London, UK, 31(6): 979-989, (2021).

This dataset describes the proportion of the Australian population using safely managed drinking water services. Primary Information Source: Bureau of Meteorology, National Performance Report …Show full descriptionThis dataset describes the proportion of the Australian population using safely managed drinking water services. Primary Information Source: Bureau of Meteorology, National Performance Report 2017-18: Urban Water Utilities http://www.bom.gov.au/water/npr/

This dataset describes the proportion of the Australian population using safely managed drinking water services.

Primary Information Source: Bureau of Meteorology, National Performance Report 2017-18: Urban Water Utilities

http://www.bom.gov.au/water/npr/

This data set represents "water input," the ratio of the total area of irrigated land to precipitation, in square kilometers per centimeter, in the conterminous United States. The data set was used as an input data layer for a national model to predict nitrate concentration in ground water used for drinking. Nolan and Hitt (2006) developed two national models to predict contamination of ground water by nonpoint sources of nitrate. The nonlinear approach to national-scale Ground-WAter Vulnerability Assessment (GWAVA) uses components representing nitrogen (N) sources, transport, and attenuation. One model (GWAVA-S) predicts nitrate contamination of shallow (typically less than 5 meters deep), recently recharged ground water, which may or may not be used for drinking. The other (GWAVA-DW) predicts ambient nitrate concentration in deeper supplies used for drinking. This data set is one of 14 data sets (1 output data set and 13 input data sets) associated with the GWAVA-DW model. Full details of the model development are in Nolan and Hitt (2006). For inputs to the model, spatial attributes representing 13 nitrogen loading and transport and attenuation factors were compiled as raster data sets (1-km by 1-km grid cell size) for the conterminous United States (see table 1). >Table 1.-- Parameters of nonlinear regression model for > nitrate in ground water used for drinking (GWAVA-DW) > and corresponding input spatial data sets. > [kg, kilograms; km2, square kilometers.] > >Nitrogen Source Factors Data Set Name > 1 farm fertilizer (kg/hectare) gwava-dw_ffer > 2 confined manure (kg/hectare) gwava-dw_conf > 3 orchards/vineyards (percent) gwava-dw_orvi > 4 population density (people/km2) gwava-dw_popd > >Transport to Aquifer Factors > 5 water input (km2/cm) gwava-dw_wtin > 6 glacial till (yes/no) gwava-dw_gtil > 7 semiconsolidated sand aquifers gwava-dw_semc > (yes/no) > 8 sandstone and carbonate rocks gwava-dw_sscb > (yes/no) > 9 drainage ditch (km2) gwava-dw_ddit > 10 Hortonian overland flow gwava-dw_hor > (percent of streamflow) > >Attenuation Factors > 11 fresh surface water withdrawal gwava-dw_swus > for irrigation (megaliters/day) > 12 irrigation tailwater recovery (km2) gwava-dw_twre > 13 Dunne overland flow gwava-dw_dun > (percent of streamflow) > 14 well depth (meters) - "Farm fertilizer" is the average annual nitrogen input from commercial fertilizer applied to agricultural lands, 1992-2001, in kilograms per hectare. "Confined manure" is the average annual nitrogen input from confined animal manure, 1992 and 1997, in kilograms per hectare. "Orchards/vineyards" is the percent of orchards/vineyards land cover classification. "Population density" is 1990 block group population density, in people per square kilometer. "Water input" is the ratio of the total area of irrigated land to precipitation, in square kilometers per centimeter. "Glacial till" is the presence or absence of poorly sorted glacial till east of the Rocky Mountains. "Semiconsolidated sand aquifers" is the presence or absence of semiconsolidated sand aquifers. "Sandstone and carbonate rocks" is the presence or absence of sandstone and carbonate rock aquifers. "Drainage ditch" is the area of National Resources Inventory surface drainage, field ditch conservation practice, in square kilometers. "Hortonian overland flow" is infiltration excess overland flow estimated by TOPMODEL, in percent of streamflow. "Fresh surface water withdrawal for irrigation" is the amount of fresh surface water withdrawal for irrigation, in megaliters per day. "Irrigation tailwater recovery" is the area of National Resources Inventory irrigation system, tailwater recovery conservation practice, in square kilometers. "Dunne overland flow" is saturation overland flow estimated by TOPMODEL, in percent of streamflow. "Well depth" is the depth of the well, in meters. Well depth was not compiled as a spatial data set. Well depth equals 50 meters for the model simulation being presented. Reference cited: Nolan, B.T. and Hitt, K.J., 2006, Vulnerability of shallow ground water and drinking-water wells to nitrate in the United States: Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 40, no. 24, pages 7834-7840.

DOH Environmental Indicators

Series Name: Proportion of population using basic drinking water services by location (percent)Series Code: SP_ACS_BSRVH2ORelease Version: 2020.Q2.G.03 This dataset is the part of the Global SDG Indicator Database compiled through the UN System in preparation for the Secretary-General's annual report on Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals.Indicator 1.4.1: Proportion of population living in households with access to basic servicesTarget 1.4: By 2030, ensure that all men and women, in particular the poor and the vulnerable, have equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to basic services, ownership and control over land and other forms of property, inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new technology and financial services, including microfinanceGoal 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhereFor more information on the compilation methodology of this dataset, see https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/

United States US: People Using Safely Managed Drinking Water Services: % of Population data was reported at 99.023 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 99.016 % for 2014. United States US: People Using Safely Managed Drinking Water Services: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 98.988 % from Dec 2005 (Median) to 2015, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 99.023 % in 2015 and a record low of 98.954 % in 2005. United States US: People Using Safely Managed Drinking Water Services: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Health Statistics. The percentage of people using drinking water from an improved source that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from faecal and priority chemical contamination. Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.; ; WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).; Weighted Average;

A direct internet link to a time series data of Environmental Health indicators for Nauru as listed on the SPC website. Data include;

1. Proportion of Population and Households with access to Improved Drinking Water
2. Proportion of Population and Households with access to Improved Sanitation

This data set represents the amount of fresh surface water withdrawal for irrigation, in megaliters per day, in the conterminous United States. The data set was used as an input data layer for a national model to predict nitrate concentration in shallow ground water. Nolan and Hitt (2006) developed two national models to predict contamination of ground water by nonpoint sources of nitrate. The nonlinear approach to national-scale Ground-WAter Vulnerability Assessment (GWAVA) uses components representing nitrogen (N) sources, transport, and attenuation. One model (GWAVA-S) predicts nitrate contamination of shallow (typically less than 5 meters deep), recently recharged ground water, which may or may not be used for drinking. The other (GWAVA-DW) predicts ambient nitrate concentration in deeper supplies used for drinking. This data set is one of 17 data sets (1 output data set and 16 input data sets) associated with the GWAVA-S model. Full details of the model development are in Nolan and Hitt (2006). For inputs to the model, spatial attributes representing 16 nitrogen loading and transport and attenuation factors were compiled as raster data sets (1-km by 1-km grid cell size) for the conterminous United States (see table 1). >Table 1.-- Parameters of nonlinear regression model for nitrate in shallow > ground water (GWAVA-S) and corresponding input spatial data sets. > [kg, kilograms; km2, square kilometers.] > >Nitrogen Source Factors Data Set Name > 1 farm fertilizer (kg/hectare) gwava-s_ffer > 2 confined manure (kg/hectare) gwava-s_conf > 3 orchards/vineyards (percent) gwava-s_orvi > 4 population density (people/km2) gwava-s_popd > 5 cropland/pasture/fallow (percent) gwava-s_crpa > >Transport to Aquifer Factors > 6 water input (km2/cm) gwava-s_wtin > 7 carbonate rocks (yes/no) gwava-s_crox > 8 basalt and volcanic rocks (yes/no) gwava-s_vrox > 9 drainage ditch (km2) gwava-s_ddit > 10 slope (percent x 1000) gwava-s_slop > 11 glacial till (yes/no) gwava-s_gtil > 12 clay sediment (percent x 1000) gwava-s_clay > >Attenuation Factors > 13 fresh surface water withdrawal gwava-s_swus > for irrigation (megaliters/day) > 14 irrigation tailwater recovery (km2) gwava-s_twre > 15 histosol soil type (percent) gwava-s_hist > 16 wetlands (percent) gwava-s_wetl "Farm fertilizer" is the average annual nitrogen input from commercial fertilizer applied to agricultural lands, 1992-2001, in kilograms per hectare. "Confined manure" is the average annual nitrogen input from confined animal manure, 1992 and 1997, in kilograms per hectare. "Orchards/vineyards" is the percent of orchards/vineyards land cover classification. "Population density" is 1990 block group population density, in people per square kilometer. "Cropland/pasture/fallow" is the percent of cropland/pasture/fallow land cover classifications. "Water input" is the ratio of the total area of irrigated land to precipitation, in square kilometers per centimeter. "Carbonate rocks" is the presence or absence of Valley and Ridge carbonate rocks. "Basalt and volcanic rocks" is the presence or absence of basalt and volcanic rocks. "Drainage ditch" is the area of National Resources Inventory surface drainage, field ditch conservation practice, in square kilometers. "Slope" is the soil surface slope, in percent times 1000. "Glacial till" is the presence or absence of poorly sorted glacial till east of the Rocky Mountains. "Clay sediment" is the amount of clay sediment in the soil, in percent times 1000. "Fresh surface water withdrawal for irrigation" is the amount of fresh surface water withdrawal for irrigation, in megaliters per day. "Irrigation tailwater recovery" is the area of National Resources Inventory irrigation system, tailwater recovery conservation practice, in square kilometers. "Histosol soil type" is the amount of histosols soil taxonomic order, in percent. "Wetlands" is the percent of woody wetlands and emergent herbaceous wetlands land cover classifications. Reference cited: Nolan, B.T. and Hitt, K.J., 2006, Vulnerability of shallow ground water and drinking-water wells to nitrate in the United States: Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 40, no. 24, pages 7834-7840.

Series Name: Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services by urban rural (percent)Series Code: SH_H2O_SAFERelease Version: 2020.Q2.G.03 This dataset is the part of the Global SDG Indicator Database compiled through the UN System in preparation for the Secretary-General's annual report on Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals.Indicator 6.1.1: Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water servicesTarget 6.1: By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for allGoal 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for allFor more information on the compilation methodology of this dataset, see https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/

Series Name: Proportion of population with access to safely managed drinking water sourcesPublication Year: 2018 The Statistical Yearbook provides in a single volume a comprehensive compilation of internationally available statistics on social and economic conditions and activities, at world, regional and national levels, for an appropriate historical period. It is prepared by the Statistics Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, of the United Nations Secretariat.Table: Water supply and sanitation servicesTopic: EnvironmentFor more information on the compilation methodology of this dataset, see https://unstats.un.org/unsd/publications/statistical-yearbook/

Death rates from unsafe water sources give us an accurate comparison of differences in mortality impacts between countries and over time. In contrast to the share of deaths that we studied before, death rates are not influenced by how other causes or risk factors for death are changing.

This map shows the death rates from unsafe water sources worldwide. Death rates measure the number of deaths per 100,000 people in a given country or region.

What becomes clear is the significant differences in death rates between countries: rates are high in lower-income countries, particularly across Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Rates here are often greater than 50 deaths per 100,000 people.

Compare this with death rates across high-income countries: across Europe, rates are below 0.1 deaths per 100,000. That’s a greater than 1000-fold difference.

Therefore, unsafe water sources are limited primarily to low and lower-middle-income countries.

This relationship is clearly shown when we plot death rates versus income, as shown here. There is a strong negative relationship: death rates decline as countries get richer. Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Target 6.1 is to: “achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all” by 2030.

Almost three-quarters of the world's population uses a safely managed water source. One in four people does not use a safe drinking water source.

The following chart breaks down drinking water use globally and across regions and income groups. In countries with the lowest incomes, less than one-third of the population uses safely managed water. Most live in Sub-Saharan Africa.

The world has made progress in recent years, but unfortunately, this has been very slow. In 2015 (at the start of the SDGs), around 70% of the global population had safe drinking water, and this has slowly increased over recent years.

If progress continues at these slow rates, we will not reach the target of universal, equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water by 2030. The definition of an improved drinking water source is: “...those that have the potential to deliver safe water by nature of their design and construction, and include: piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, rainwater, and packaged or delivered water.” Note that drinking water from an improved source does not ensure that the water is safe or adequate, as these characteristics are not tested at the time of the survey. However, improved drinking water technologies are more likely than unimproved ones to provide safe drinking water and prevent contact with human excreta.

The map shows the share of people worldwide who do not use improved water sources.

This data set represents predicted nitrate concentration in shallow, recently recharged ground water, in milligrams per liter, in the conterminous United States, and was generated by a national nonlinear regression model based on 16 input parameters. Nolan and Hitt (2006) developed two national models to predict contamination of ground water by nonpoint sources of nitrate. The nonlinear approach to national-scale Ground-WAter Vulnerability Assessment (GWAVA) uses components representing nitrogen (N) sources, transport, and attenuation. One model (GWAVA-S) predicts nitrate contamination of shallow (typically less than 5 meters deep), recently recharged ground water, which may or may not be used for drinking. The other (GWAVA-DW) predicts ambient nitrate concentration in deeper supplies used for drinking. This data set is a national map of nitrate concentration (in milligrams/liter) in shallow, recently recharged ground water as predicted by the GWAVA-S model. The data set is one of 17 spatial data sets (1 output data set and 16 input data sets) associated with the GWAVA-S model. Full details of the model development are in Nolan and Hitt (2006). This data set represents the model output, which is depicted in figure 2 of Nolan and Hitt (2006) that shows predicted nitrate concentration in milligrams per liter in shallow, recently recharged ground water. The model results can be used to indicate areas of the Nation that may be vulnerable to nitrate contamination. For inputs to the model, spatial attributes representing 16 nitrogen loading and transport and attenuation factors were compiled as raster data sets (1-km by 1-km grid cell size) for the conterminous United States (see table 1). >Table 1.-- Parameters of nonlinear regression model for nitrate in shallow > ground water (GWAVA-S) and corresponding input spatial data sets. > [kg, kilograms; km2, square kilometers.] > >Nitrogen Source Factors Data Set Name > 1 farm fertilizer (kg/hectare) gwava-s_ffer > 2 confined manure (kg/hectare) gwava-s_conf > 3 orchards/vineyards (percent) gwava-s_orvi > 4 population density (people/km2) gwava-s_popd > 5 cropland/pasture/fallow (percent) gwava-s_crpa > >Transport to Aquifer Factors > 6 water input (km2/cm) gwava-s_wtin > 7 carbonate rocks (yes/no) gwava-s_crox > 8 basalt and volcanic rocks (yes/no) gwava-s_vrox > 9 drainage ditch (km2) gwava-s_ddit > 10 slope (percent x 1000) gwava-s_slop > 11 glacial till (yes/no) gwava-s_gtil > 12 clay sediment (percent x 1000) gwava-s_clay > >Attenuation Factors > 13 fresh surface water withdrawal gwava-s_swus > for irrigation (megaliters/day) > 14 irrigation tailwater recovery (km2) gwava-s_twre > 15 histosol soil type (percent) gwava-s_hist > 16 wetlands (percent) gwava-s_wetl "Farm fertilizer" is the average annual nitrogen input from commercial fertilizer applied to agricultural lands, 1992-2001, in kilograms per hectare. "Confined manure" is the average annual nitrogen input from confined animal manure, 1992 and 1997, in kilograms per hectare. "Orchards/vineyards" is the percent of orchards/vineyards land cover classification. "Population density" is 1990 block group population density, in people per square kilometer. "Cropland/pasture/fallow" is the percent of cropland/pasture/fallow land cover classifications. "Water input" is the ratio of the total area of irrigated land to precipitation, in square kilometers per centimeter. "Carbonate rocks" is the presence or absence of Valley and Ridge carbonate rocks. "Basalt and volcanic rocks" is the presence or absence of basalt and volcanic rocks. "Drainage ditch" is the area of National Resources Inventory surface drainage, field ditch conservation practice, in square kilometers. "Slope" is the soil surface slope, in percent times 1000. "Glacial till" is the presence or absence of poorly sorted glacial till east of the Rocky Mountains. "Clay sediment" is the amount of clay sediment in the soil, in percent times 1000. "Fresh surface water withdrawal for irrigation" is the amount of fresh surface water withdrawal for irrigation, in megaliters per day. "Irrigation tailwater recovery" is the area of National Resources Inventory irrigation system, tailwater recovery conservation practice, in square kilometers. "Histosol soil type" is the amount of histosols soil taxonomic order, in percent. "Wetlands" is the percent of woody wetlands and emergent herbaceous wetlands land cover classifications. Reference cited: Nolan, B.T. and Hitt, K.J., 2006, Vulnerability of shallow ground water and drinking-water wells to nitrate in the United States: Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 40, no. 24, pages 7834-7840.

This data set represents the average annual nitrogen input from commercial fertilizer applied to agricultural lands, 1992-2001, in kilograms per hectare, in the conterminous United States. The data set was used as an input data layer for a national model to predict nitrate concentration in shallow ground water. Nolan and Hitt (2006) developed two national models to predict contamination of ground water by nonpoint sources of nitrate. The nonlinear approach to national-scale Ground-WAter Vulnerability Assessment (GWAVA) uses components representing nitrogen (N) sources, transport, and attenuation. One model (GWAVA-S) predicts nitrate contamination of shallow (typically less than 5 meters deep), recently recharged ground water, which may or may not be used for drinking. The other (GWAVA-DW) predicts ambient nitrate concentration in deeper supplies used for drinking. This data set is one of 17 data sets (1 output data set and 16 input data sets) associated with the GWAVA-S model. Full details of the model development are in Nolan and Hitt (2006). For inputs to the model, spatial attributes representing 16 nitrogen loading and transport and attenuation factors were compiled as raster data sets (1-km by 1-km grid cell size) for the conterminous United States (see table 1). >Table 1.-- Parameters of nonlinear regression model for nitrate in shallow > ground water (GWAVA-S) and corresponding input spatial data sets. > [kg, kilograms; km2, square kilometers.] > >Nitrogen Source Factors Data Set Name > 1 farm fertilizer (kg/hectare) gwava-s_ffer > 2 confined manure (kg/hectare) gwava-s_conf > 3 orchards/vineyards (percent) gwava-s_orvi > 4 population density (people/km2) gwava-s_popd > 5 cropland/pasture/fallow (percent) gwava-s_crpa > >Transport to Aquifer Factors > 6 water input (km2/cm) gwava-s_wtin > 7 carbonate rocks (yes/no) gwava-s_crox > 8 basalt and volcanic rocks (yes/no) gwava-s_vrox > 9 drainage ditch (km2) gwava-s_ddit > 10 slope (percent x 1000) gwava-s_slop > 11 glacial till (yes/no) gwava-s_gtil > 12 clay sediment (percent x 1000) gwava-s_clay > >Attenuation Factors > 13 fresh surface water withdrawal gwava-s_swus > for irrigation (megaliters/day) > 14 irrigation tailwater recovery (km2) gwava-s_twre > 15 histosol soil type (percent) gwava-s_hist > 16 wetlands (percent) gwava-s_wetl "Farm fertilizer" is the average annual nitrogen input from commercial fertilizer applied to agricultural lands, 1992-2001, in kilograms per hectare. "Confined manure" is the average annual nitrogen input from confined animal manure, 1992 and 1997, in kilograms per hectare. "Orchards/vineyards" is the percent of orchards/vineyards land cover classification. "Population density" is 1990 block group population density, in people per square kilometer. "Cropland/pasture/fallow" is the percent of cropland/pasture/fallow land cover classifications. "Water input" is the ratio of the total area of irrigated land to precipitation, in square kilometers per centimeter. "Carbonate rocks" is the presence or absence of Valley and Ridge carbonate rocks. "Basalt and volcanic rocks" is the presence or absence of basalt and volcanic rocks. "Drainage ditch" is the area of National Resources Inventory surface drainage, field ditch conservation practice, in square kilometers. "Slope" is the soil surface slope, in percent times 1000. "Glacial till" is the presence or absence of poorly sorted glacial till east of the Rocky Mountains. "Clay sediment" is the amount of clay sediment in the soil, in percent times 1000. "Fresh surface water withdrawal for irrigation" is the amount of fresh surface water withdrawal for irrigation, in megaliters per day. "Irrigation tailwater recovery" is the area of National Resources Inventory irrigation system, tailwater recovery conservation practice, in square kilometers. "Histosol soil type" is the amount of histosols soil taxonomic order, in percent. "Wetlands" is the percent of woody wetlands and emergent herbaceous wetlands land cover classifications. Reference cited: Nolan, B.T. and Hitt, K.J., 2006, Vulnerability of shallow ground water and drinking-water wells to nitrate in the United States: Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 40, no. 24, pages 7834-7840.

Forecast: Total Proportion of Population Using Safely Managed Drinking Water Services in the US 2024 - 2028 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

United States US: People Using Safely Managed Drinking Water Services: Urban: % of Urban Population data was reported at 99.653 % in 2015. This stayed constant from the previous number of 99.653 % for 2014. United States US: People Using Safely Managed Drinking Water Services: Urban: % of Urban Population data is updated yearly, averaging 99.653 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2015, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 99.653 % in 2015 and a record low of 99.653 % in 2015. United States US: People Using Safely Managed Drinking Water Services: Urban: % of Urban Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.World Bank: Health Statistics. The percentage of people using drinking water from an improved source that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from faecal and priority chemical contamination. Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.; ; WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).; Weighted Average;

Population using an improved drinking water source (piped water into dwellings, yards or plots; public taps or standpipes; boreholes or tubewells; protected dug wells; or protected springs and rainwater) that is located on premises and available when needed and which is free of faecal and priority chemical contamination.

Percentage rural population with access to safe drinking water 2021-22

This data set represents the percent of orchards/vineyards land cover in the conterminous United States. The data set was used as an input data layer for a national model to predict nitrate concentration in shallow ground water. Nolan and Hitt (2006) developed two national models to predict contamination of ground water by nonpoint sources of nitrate. The nonlinear approach to national-scale Ground-WAter Vulnerability Assessment (GWAVA) uses components representing nitrogen (N) sources, transport, and attenuation. One model (GWAVA-S) predicts nitrate contamination of shallow (typically less than 5 meters deep), recently recharged ground water, which may or may not be used for drinking. The other (GWAVA-DW) predicts ambient nitrate concentration in deeper supplies used for drinking. This data set is one of 17 data sets (1 output data set and 16 input data sets) associated with the GWAVA-S model. Full details of the model development are in Nolan and Hitt (2006). For inputs to the model, spatial attributes representing 16 nitrogen loading and transport and attenuation factors were compiled as raster data sets (1-km by 1-km grid cell size) for the conterminous United States (see table 1). >Table 1.-- Parameters of nonlinear regression model for nitrate in shallow > ground water (GWAVA-S) and corresponding input spatial data sets. > [kg, kilograms; km2, square kilometers.] > >Nitrogen Source Factors Data Set Name > 1 farm fertilizer (kg/hectare) gwava-s_ffer > 2 confined manure (kg/hectare) gwava-s_conf > 3 orchards/vineyards (percent) gwava-s_orvi > 4 population density (people/km2) gwava-s_popd > 5 cropland/pasture/fallow (percent) gwava-s_crpa > >Transport to Aquifer Factors > 6 water input (km2/cm) gwava-s_wtin > 7 carbonate rocks (yes/no) gwava-s_crox > 8 basalt and volcanic rocks (yes/no) gwava-s_vrox > 9 drainage ditch (km2) gwava-s_ddit > 10 slope (percent x 1000) gwava-s_slop > 11 glacial till (yes/no) gwava-s_gtil > 12 clay sediment (percent x 1000) gwava-s_clay > >Attenuation Factors > 13 fresh surface water withdrawal gwava-s_swus > for irrigation (megaliters/day) > 14 irrigation tailwater recovery (km2) gwava-s_twre > 15 histosol soil type (percent) gwava-s_hist > 16 wetlands (percent) gwava-s_wetl "Farm fertilizer" is the average annual nitrogen input from commercial fertilizer applied to agricultural lands, 1992-2001, in kilograms per hectare. "Confined manure" is the average annual nitrogen input from confined animal manure, 1992 and 1997, in kilograms per hectare. "Orchards/vineyards" is the percent of orchards/vineyards land cover classification. "Population density" is 1990 block group population density, in people per square kilometer. "Cropland/pasture/fallow" is the percent of cropland/pasture/fallow land cover classifications. "Water input" is the ratio of the total area of irrigated land to precipitation, in square kilometers per centimeter. "Carbonate rocks" is the presence or absence of Valley and Ridge carbonate rocks. "Basalt and volcanic rocks" is the presence or absence of basalt and volcanic rocks. "Drainage ditch" is the area of National Resources Inventory surface drainage, field ditch conservation practice, in square kilometers. "Slope" is the soil surface slope, in percent times 1000. "Glacial till" is the presence or absence of poorly sorted glacial till east of the Rocky Mountains. "Clay sediment" is the amount of clay sediment in the soil, in percent times 1000. "Fresh surface water withdrawal for irrigation" is the amount of fresh surface water withdrawal for irrigation, in megaliters per day. "Irrigation tailwater recovery" is the area of National Resources Inventory irrigation system, tailwater recovery conservation practice, in square kilometers. "Histosol soil type" is the amount of histosols soil taxonomic order, in percent. "Wetlands" is the percent of woody wetlands and emergent herbaceous wetlands land cover classifications. Reference cited: Nolan, B.T. and Hitt, K.J., 2006, Vulnerability of shallow ground water and drinking-water wells to nitrate in the United States: Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 40, no. 24, pages 7834-7840.

This dataset shows the proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services by state and strata, Peninsular Malaysia and W.P. Labuan, 2019-2021 Selangor includes W.P. Kuala Lumpur and W.P. Putrajaya Ministry of Environment and Water and National Water Services Commission No. of Views : 131