About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Non-Hispanic population of Twin by race. It includes the distribution of the Non-Hispanic population of Twin across various race categories as identified by the Census Bureau. The dataset can be utilized to understand the Non-Hispanic population distribution of Twin across relevant racial categories.

Key observations

With a zero Hispanic population, Twin is 100% Non-Hispanic. Among the Non-Hispanic population, the largest racial group is White alone with a population of 346 (94.54% of the total Non-Hispanic population).

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Racial categories include:

• White
• Black or African American
• American Indian and Alaska Native
• Asian
• Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
• Some other race
• Two or more races (multiracial)

Variables / Data Columns

• Race: This column displays the racial categories (for Non-Hispanic) for the Twin
• Population: The population of the racial category (for Non-Hispanic) in the Twin is shown in this column.
• % of Total Population: This column displays the percentage distribution of each race as a proportion of Twin total Non-Hispanic population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Twin Population by Race & Ethnicity. You can refer the same here

The TwinsUK cohort (https://twinsuk.ac.uk/), set up in 1992, is a major volunteer-based genomic epidemiology resource with longitudinal deep genomic and phenomics data from over 15,000 adult twins (18+) from across the UK who are highly engaged and recallable. The cohort is predominantly female (80%) for historical reasons. It is one of the most deeply characterised adult twin cohort in the world, providing a rich platform for scientists to research health and ageing longitudinally. There are over 700,000 biological samples stored and data collected on twins with repeat measures at multiple timepoints. Extremely large datasets (billions of data points) have been generated for each TwinsUK participant over 30 years, including phenotypes from questionnaires, multiple clinical visits, and record linkage, and genetic and ‘omic data from biological samples. TwinsUK ensures derived datasets from raw data are returned by collaborators to enhance the resource. TwinsUK also holds a wide range of laboratory samples, including plasma, serum, DNA, faecal microbiome and tissue (skin, fat, colonic biopsies) within HTA-regulated facilities at King's College London.

More recently, postal and at-home collection strategies have allowed sample collections from frail twins, our whole cohort for COVID-19 studies, and for new twin recruits. The cohort is recallable either on a four-year longitudinal sweep visit or, based on diagnosis or genotype.

More than 1,000 data access collaborations and 250,000 samples have been shared with external researchers, resulting in over 800 publications since 2012.

TwinsUK is now working to link to twins’ official health, education and environmental records for health research purposes, which will further enhance the resource, education and environmental records for health research purposes, which will further enhance the resource.

This dataset is used to generate all results and tables for the paper "Twin Births and Maternal Condition" by Sonia Bhalotra and Damian Clarke (authors in alphabetical order). Analysis from the paper suggests that healthier women and women who engage in more health-seeking behaviours are more likely to give birth to twins in a wide-range of contexts, including among non-IVF users.

The SALT study was initiated in 1998 and is a sub-study of the Swedish Twin Registry (STR) where a complete screening of all twins born 1958 or earlier were included (n=44 919). There are three sub-studies of the SALT study; 1) HARMONY (1998-2003), where SALT participants who were 65 years or above were screened for dementia. All twins who screened positive together with their co-twins, as well as cognitively intact controls went through a clinical examination (n=1 557); 2) TwinGene (2004-2008) where biological samples were collected from a subset of the SALT population (n=12 614); 3) SALTY (2009-2010), which included another subset of twins from the SALT study who were born between 1943 and 1958 (n=11 372). Data have been collected at three waves over a total of ten years for the older cohort (included in HARMONY) and 12 years for the younger cohort (included in SALTY). The purpose of the SALT study was to screen all twins in Sweden born 1958 or earlier for the most common complex diseases, regardless of the status of their twin partner. • In the SALT study, computer assisted telephone interviews collected information on twin and family status, height, weight, education, occupation, use of alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine, common illnesses, medications, and gender- and age-specific questions. Information about maternal and birth characteristics were also retrieved from the participants' birth records. • In HARMONY, a cognitive screening was based on the twin’s performance on the TELE cognitive screening instrument, which incorporates the ten-item mental status questionnaire (MSQ), two other cognitive domains, and questions about health and daily functioning. For individuals who performed poorly on the TELE, an informant was interviewed with the Blessed Dementia Rating Scale (BDRS), with questions about how much the twin’s cognitive status interfered with their daily functioning. • HARMONY twins suspected of dementia, their co-twins, and a control sample were referred for a clinical workup. This included a complete medical history, including use of prescription and non-prescription medications, as well as the onset and sequence of memory and cognitive symptoms, collected through medical records review and interviews with the participant and an informant. Participants also underwent an assessment conducted by a nurse and a physician, which included a physical and neurological examination, a neuropsychological assessment, and referral for neuroimaging. Dementia diagnosis, including differential diagnosis, was then set at a multidisciplinary conference. • The primary aim of the TwinGene project was to enhance the SALT study with biological specimens. Participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire about common diseases and to contact their local healthcare facility for health checkup and blood sample collection. • In the SALTY project, data collection consisted of an extensive self-reported paper-questionnaire and an internet-based investigation that included questionnaires on musical experience, tendency to experience psychological flow and creative achievement, as well as tests of cognitive and motor performance. In addition, saliva was collected for DNA extraction. The SALT study was initiated in 1998, with the purpose of screening all twins in Sweden born before 1958 for most common complex diseases, regardless of the status of their twin partner. The extensive interview included questions about illnesses and health, medication use, occupation, education, and lifestyle factors. For more detailed information https://neardb.near-aging.se/search#lists?type=variables&query=study(in(Mica_study.id,salt)),variable(limit(0,20))

The OCTO-Twin Study aims to investigate the etiology of individual differences among twin-pairs age 80 and older, on a range of domains including health and functional capacity, cognitive functioning, psychological well-being, personality and personal control. In the study, twin pairs were withdrawn from the Swedish Twin Registry. At the first wave, the twins had to be born 1913 or earlier and both partners in the pair had to accept participation. At baseline in 1991-94, 351 twin pairs (149 monozygotic and 202 like-sex dizygotic pairs) were investigated (mean age: 83.6 years and 67% were female). The two-year longitudinal follow-ups were conducted on all twins who were alive and agreed to participate. Data have been collected at five waves over a total of eight years.

In wave 4, 84 twin pairs participated, with a total of 315 individuals. Refer to the description of wave 1/the base line and the individual datasets in the NEAR portal for more details on variable groups and individual variables.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. The collection of cohort twin zygosity data for the National Child Development Study (NCDS) and the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70) was undertaken as a part of the project The Relative Importance of Nature, Nurture, and Peer Effects on Adult Outcomes, funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC). The aims and objectives of the project were:to provide a more complete and accurate dataset which identifies the zygosity (whether the twins were identical or not) of the twins in the NCDS and the BCS70;to use the data held on the twins in the NCDS and BCS70 to consider the relative importance of nature, nurture, and peer effects in childhood and adult outcomes such as education, employment, and earnings; andto identify the relative importance of nature, nurture, and peer effects on each adult outcome across the two cohorts and within the two cohorts across time in order to assess whether and how these relative effects change over the life course and the stability or change in these patterns for people born at different times.Information on the BCS70 and NCDS series may be found on the Institute of Education Centre for Longitudinal Studies website.

This is a zip file that contains 10 repetitions for burst random (multiple white noise) excitation at 2.0V LMS output voltage. This test is performed on the starboard wing of the BAE T1A Hawk housed at the Labratory for Verification and Validation (lvv.ac.uk). The wing is excited using a single shaker and data is recorded using 55 uni-accelerometers and the excitation load cell.

The significance of the naming conventions is explained in the "ORDA_Readme.pdf" file. This file also contains the code needed to load the file into python for analysis called "hdf5_loader.py". This contains a function called load_hdf5 that takes the path of the hdf5 file and loads it into a single dictionary. The dictionary is separated into "Meta" for the testing parameters and the sensor names to identify the sensor of interest. For the sensor names, the naming convention is described in the readme file along with what types of data are included and the citation reference. The uploaded *.zip file contains all the repetitions for the testing parameters (nominally 10 repetitions).

This test was performed under the Alan Turing Institute funded project Digital Twins for High-Value Engineering Systems (DTHIVE) with continuing support from the EPSRC funded project Digital Twins for Improved Dynamic Design (DigiTwin). For more information, please contact the PI, Professor David Wagg.

Dizygotic twinning, the simultaneous birth of siblings when multiple ova are released, is an evolutionary paradox. Twin bearing mothers often have elevated fitness1-5; but despite twinning being heritable6, twin births only occur at low frequencies in human populations7. We resolve this paradox by showing that twinning and non-twinning are not competing strategies, instead dizygotic twinning is the outcome of an adaptive conditional ovulatory strategy of switching from single to double ovulation with increasing age. This conditional strategy when coupled with the well-known decline in fertility as women age, maximizes reproductive success and explains the increase and subsequent decrease in twinning rate with maternal age that is observed across human populations8-10. We show that the most successful ovulatory strategy would be to always double ovulate as an insurance against early fetal loss, but to never bear twins. This finding supports the hypothesis that twinning is a byproduct of selection for double ovulation rather than twinning.

Methods These data are used to generate the figures in the manuscript.

Figure 1 is a composite data set where twinning rates are taken from different populations and fitted with the model as described in the ms.

Fig 2 are data generated from the simulation model.

Fig 3 are generated from the analytical model

The R code is supplied by the authors with the request that future users of the code are aware that this is code represents an ongoing research enterprise of ours and that they contact the authors in a spirit of collaboration (joseph.tomkins@uwa.edu.au). We think that there are lots of interesting things to do with the simulation and we are happy to engage in collaborations and test new ideas. We are currently working on variation within and across populations.

The code runs the simulation, numerous replicates of which, with appropriate adjustment to the input variables, are used to generate the data in Figure 2.

The manual is a help file for the code.

Number and percentage of live births, by characteristics of the mother (age, parity, marital status, birthplace) and child (sex, single or multiple births, birth weight) based on weeks of gestation, 2000 to most recent year.

This survey focuses on maternity care in the U.S. as reported by the mothers themselves. The survey examined many aspects of the maternity experience that have not been documented at the national level and provides an understanding of U.S. women's maternity experiences.Nearly 1,600 women from across the United States participated in the survey during May and June, 2002. All of the women had given birth within 24 months of completing the survey, and the survey focused on their experiences with their most recent birth, including pregnancy, labor and birth, and the weeks and months afterward. The survey was designed to reflect the national profile of childbearing women, with several limitations (did not, for example, include women who had given birth to twins or women whose babies were not living at the time of the survey).

Monochorionic twins are generally considered to be monozygotic, as monochorionic dizygotic (MCDZ) twins are extremely rare in natural pregnancies. Several studies have reported this rare occurrence, and most of these pregnancies have been conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART). These reports mostly focused on MCDZ twin pregnancies and the childhood development of the twins; a follow-up into adulthood and the effect on their reproduction has not been reported. In this case study, we report a case of chimerism in opposite-sex MCDZ twins who were naturally conceived and have reached reproductive maturity. We collected oral mucosal, endometrial, and germ cells from the twins and evaluated their chimerism using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). The SNP array showed that they had 4,049 non-allele shared loci, and they inherited nearly 50% informative SNP loci from each parent, confirming that they are dizygotic twins. We found that the female twin had a 46, XX (2)/46, XY (78) karyotype in her peripheral blood. The SNP array confirmed that the female twin and male twin had the same blood haplotype. The ddPCR result showed 92.84 (± 1.80%) chimerism in her blood. In case of chimerism in her germline, the female twin chose preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy for her blastocysts. Fortunately, the patient only had blood chimerism. A healthy boy was born at 39 weeks of gestation.

IntroductionFacial phenotype is influenced by genes and environment; however, little is known about their relative contributions to normal facial morphology. The aim of this study was to assess the relative genetic and environmental contributions to facial morphological variation using a three-dimensional (3D) population-based approach and the classical twin study design.Materials and Methods3D facial images of 1380 female twins from the TwinsUK Registry database were used. All faces were landmarked, by manually placing 37 landmark points, and Procrustes registered. Three groups of traits were extracted and analysed: 19 principal components (uPC) and 23 principal components (sPC), derived from the unscaled and scaled landmark configurations respectively, and 1275 linear distances measured between 51 landmarks (37 manually identified and 14 automatically calculated). The intraclass correlation coefficients, rMZ and rDZ, broad-sense heritability (h2), common (c2) and unique (e2) environment contributions were calculated for all traits for the monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins.ResultsHeritability of 13 uPC and 17 sPC reached statistical significance, with h2 ranging from 38.8% to 78.5% in the former and 30.5% to 84.8% in the latter group. Also, 1222 distances showed evidence of genetic control. Common environment contributed to one PC in both groups and 53 linear distances (4.3%). Unique environment contributed to 17 uPC and 20 sPC and 1245 distances.ConclusionsGenetic factors can explain more than 70% of the phenotypic facial variation in facial size, nose (width, prominence and height), lips prominence and inter-ocular distance. A few traits have shown potential dominant genetic influence: the prominence and height of the nose, the lower lip prominence in relation to the chin and upper lip philtrum length. Environmental contribution to facial variation seems to be the greatest for the mandibular ramus height and horizontal facial asymmetry.

We present the Queensland Twin IMaging (QTIM) dataset: a multimodal neuroimaging dataset of young adult twins and siblings (18-30 years, N = 1026), including a subsample of participants, scanned a second time to assess test-retest reliability (N = 78, test-retest interval ~ 3.5 months). The QTAB dataset additionally includes adolescent twins scanned at age 12 (N = 88) or 16 (N = 88) years. Approximately a third of these 12- and 16-year-old participants were scanned four years later as part of a longitudinal pilot study (scanned at 12 and 16 years N = 24, scanned at 16 and 20 years N = 38). Scanning parameters and acquisition details are detailed elsewhere (see "How to Acknowledge").

Data Record

Basic demographic data (age [rounded down], sex, handedness, family_id [to denote non-independent participants]) is provided at the top-level of the dataset directory in participants.tsv (variables and properties described in participants.json). Zygosity and limited non-imaging phenotypic data are available for QTIM participants. A data transfer agreement and institutional ethics approval are required for access; for more information, please contact Dr Lachlan Strike, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (lachlan [dot] strike [at] qimrberghofer [dot] edu [dot] au). Cortical and subcortical brain measures extracted using FreeSurfer v5.3 are provided under derivatives/freesurfer_5.3. The extraction and quality checking of these measures is detailed in Strike et al., 2019 (see "How to Acknowledge"). Hippocampal subfield measures extracted using Freesurfer v6 (using the base reconstruction from FreeSurfer v5.3) are also provided. MRIQC image quality metrics (IQMs) for T1w images are provided under derivatives/mriqc.

Usage Notes

Due to a scanner software upgrade, the QTIM T1w sequence was modified during data collection (slice number decreased 256 to 240, acquisition orientation changed from a coronal (80% of participants) to a sagittal (20% of participants) direction). This change is indexed by the "ses01_T1w_acq" and "ses02_T1w_acq" variables in "participants.tsv". Please note that a prominent vascular pulsation artefact in the T1w images varies with the acquisition orientation. Investigators should consider whether a statistical adjustment is sufficient to control these effects or whether participants should be restricted to a single acquisition orientation.

The onset of the n-back task was delayed such that the first trial was coincident with the 6th volume acquired. As such, the initial 5 volumes of the n-back scan should be removed to ensure that steady-state tissue magnetization was reached. In the 12-year-old participant subsample, the n-back stimulus presentation time was increased to from 1 to 1.5 seconds midway through the project (younger participants had difficulty with the 1 sec presentation). The "nback_seq" variable in "participants.tsv" denotes whether 12-year-old participants completed the 1 or 1.5 second n-back task.