About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the data for the Edinburgh, IN population pyramid, which represents the Edinburgh population distribution across age and gender, using estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates. It lists the male and female population for each age group, along with the total population for those age groups. Higher numbers at the bottom of the table suggest population growth, whereas higher numbers at the top indicate declining birth rates. Furthermore, the dataset can be utilized to understand the youth dependency ratio, old-age dependency ratio, total dependency ratio, and potential support ratio.

Key observations

• Youth dependency ratio, which is the number of children aged 0-14 per 100 persons aged 15-64, for Edinburgh, IN, is 26.0.
• Old-age dependency ratio, which is the number of persons aged 65 or over per 100 persons aged 15-64, for Edinburgh, IN, is 23.5.
• Total dependency ratio for Edinburgh, IN is 49.5.
• Potential support ratio, which is the number of youth (working age population) per elderly, for Edinburgh, IN is 4.3.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Age groups:

• Under 5 years
• 5 to 9 years
• 10 to 14 years
• 15 to 19 years
• 20 to 24 years
• 25 to 29 years
• 30 to 34 years
• 35 to 39 years
• 40 to 44 years
• 45 to 49 years
• 50 to 54 years
• 55 to 59 years
• 60 to 64 years
• 65 to 69 years
• 70 to 74 years
• 75 to 79 years
• 80 to 84 years
• 85 years and over

Variables / Data Columns

• Age Group: This column displays the age group for the Edinburgh population analysis. Total expected values are 18 and are define above in the age groups section.
• Population (Male): The male population in the Edinburgh for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Population (Female): The female population in the Edinburgh for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Total Population: The total population of the Edinburgh for the selected age group is shown in the following column.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Edinburgh Population by Age. You can refer the same here

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Edinburgh population distribution across 18 age groups. It lists the population in each age group along with the percentage population relative of the total population for Edinburgh. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population distribution of Edinburgh by age. For example, using this dataset, we can identify the largest age group in Edinburgh.

Key observations

The largest age group in Edinburgh, IN was for the group of age 25 to 29 years years with a population of 402 (9.59%), according to the ACS 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates. At the same time, the smallest age group in Edinburgh, IN was the 85 years and over years with a population of 23 (0.55%). Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates

Age groups:

• Under 5 years
• 5 to 9 years
• 10 to 14 years
• 15 to 19 years
• 20 to 24 years
• 25 to 29 years
• 30 to 34 years
• 35 to 39 years
• 40 to 44 years
• 45 to 49 years
• 50 to 54 years
• 55 to 59 years
• 60 to 64 years
• 65 to 69 years
• 70 to 74 years
• 75 to 79 years
• 80 to 84 years
• 85 years and over

Variables / Data Columns

• Age Group: This column displays the age group in consideration
• Population: The population for the specific age group in the Edinburgh is shown in this column.
• % of Total Population: This column displays the population of each age group as a proportion of Edinburgh total population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Edinburgh Population by Age. You can refer the same here

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Edinburgh population over the last 20 plus years. It lists the population for each year, along with the year on year change in population, as well as the change in percentage terms for each year. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population change of Edinburgh across the last two decades. For example, using this dataset, we can identify if the population is declining or increasing. If there is a change, when the population peaked, or if it is still growing and has not reached its peak. We can also compare the trend with the overall trend of United States population over the same period of time.

Key observations

In 2023, the population of Edinburgh was 4,429, a 0.66% increase year-by-year from 2022. Previously, in 2022, Edinburgh population was 4,400, a decline of 0.68% compared to a population of 4,430 in 2021. Over the last 20 plus years, between 2000 and 2023, population of Edinburgh decreased by 128. In this period, the peak population was 4,767 in the year 2009. The numbers suggest that the population has already reached its peak and is showing a trend of decline. Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP).

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP).

Data Coverage:

• From 2000 to 2023

Variables / Data Columns

• Year: This column displays the data year (Measured annually and for years 2000 to 2023)
• Population: The population for the specific year for the Edinburgh is shown in this column.
• Year on Year Change: This column displays the change in Edinburgh population for each year compared to the previous year.
• Change in Percent: This column displays the year on year change as a percentage. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Edinburgh Population by Year. You can refer the same here

GB mid year population estimates by Local Authority from 1981 - 2009. Mid year estimates reflect the population at 30 June of the reference year. Population data was downloaded from Nomis (www.nomisweb.co.uk/) and joined to Local Authority (district, unitary authority and borough) boundaries downloaded from Ordnance Survey OpenData Boundary Line dataset and joined using ArcGIS. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v1.0. GIS vector data. This dataset was first accessioned in the EDINA ShareGeo Open repository on 2010-11-11 and migrated to Edinburgh DataShare on 2017-02-21.

This dataset is about cities and is filtered where the city includes Edinburgh, featuring 7 columns including city, continent, country, latitude, and longitude. The preview is ordered by population (descending).

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Edinburgh Hispanic or Latino population. It includes the distribution of the Hispanic or Latino population, of Edinburgh, by their ancestries, as identified by the Census Bureau. The dataset can be utilized to understand the origin of the Hispanic or Latino population of Edinburgh.

Key observations

Among the Hispanic population in Edinburgh, regardless of the race, the largest group is of Mexican origin, with a population of 13 (100% of the total Hispanic population).

https://i.neilsberg.com/ch/edinburgh-in-population-by-race-and-ethnicity.jpeg" alt="Edinburgh Non-Hispanic population by race">

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2017-2021 5-Year Estimates.

Origin for Hispanic or Latino population include:

• Mexican
• Black or African American
• Puerto Rican
• Cuban
• Other Hispanic or Latino

Variables / Data Columns

• Origin: This column displays the origin for Hispanic or Latino population for the Edinburgh
• Population: The population of the specific origin for Hispanic or Latino population in the Edinburgh is shown in this column.
• % of Total Hispanic Population: This column displays the percentage distribution of each Hispanic origin as a proportion of Edinburgh total Hispanic or Latino population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Edinburgh Population by Race & Ethnicity. You can refer the same here

This data is sourced from the Census 2011 and shows the population and population density by council area. Raw data sourced from http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/en/censusresults/downloadablefiles.html and then manipulated in excel to merge a number of tables. The resulting data was joined to a shapefile of Scottish Council areas from sharegeo (http://www.sharegeo.ac.uk/handle/10672/305). Both sources should be attributed as the sources of the base data. GIS vector data. This dataset was first accessioned in the EDINA ShareGeo Open repository on 2012-12-19 and migrated to Edinburgh DataShare on 2017-02-21.

This dataset is about cities and is filtered where the city includes Edinburgh and the country includes United Kingdom, featuring 7 columns including city, continent, country, latitude, and longitude. The preview is ordered by population (descending).

This sub-surface hydrology dataset complements 13 other datasets as part of a study that compared ancient settlement patterns with modern environmental conditions in the Jazira region of Syria. This study examined settlement distribution and density patterns over the past five millennia using archaeological survey reports and French 1930s 1:200,000 scale maps to locate and map archaeological sites. An archaeological site dataset was created and compared to and modelled with soil, geology, terrain (contour), surface and subsurface hydrology and normal and dry year precipitation pattern datasets; there are also three spreadsheet datasets providing 1963 precipitation and temperature readings collected at three locations in the region. The environmental datasets were created to account for ancient and modern population subsistence activities, which comprise barley and wheat farming and livestock grazing. These environmental datasets were subsequently modelled with the archaeological site dataset, as well as, land use and population density datasets for the Jazira region. Ancient trade routes were also mapped and factored into the model, and a comparison was made to ascertain if there was a correlation between ancient and modern settlement patterns and environmental conditions; the latter influencing subsistence activities. This dataset includes water quality index values for sub-surface hydrology and also maps surface and sub-surface irrigation zones in the Jazira region. Evidence suggests that wells have been dug over the millennia to extract potable groundwater for human and animal consumption. It is feasible that groundwater could also have been extracted to irrigate gardens. Derived from 1:500,000 maps produced for following report: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), United Nations. Etude des Ressources en Eaux Souterraines de la Jezireh Syrienne. Rome: FAO, 1966.Sub-surface hydrology map was copied to mylar and scanned to create a polygon coverage. Attribute information includes water quality index values with a range of 0 to 6 with the latter value corresponding to high quality. Subsequently, each polygon was labelled and attributed with the water quality index values. GIS vector data. This dataset was first accessioned in the EDINA ShareGeo Open repository on 2010-06-30 and migrated to Edinburgh DataShare on 2017-02-21.

National and subnational mid-year population estimates for the UK and its constituent countries by administrative area, age and sex (including components of population change, median age and population density).

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Edinburgh Hispanic or Latino population. It includes the distribution of the Hispanic or Latino population, of Edinburgh, by their ancestries, as identified by the Census Bureau. The dataset can be utilized to understand the origin of the Hispanic or Latino population of Edinburgh.

Key observations

Among the Hispanic population in Edinburgh, regardless of the race, the largest group is of Puerto Rican origin, with a population of 174 (90.16% of the total Hispanic population).

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Origin for Hispanic or Latino population include:

• Mexican
• Puerto Rican
• Cuban
• Other Hispanic or Latino

Variables / Data Columns

• Origin: This column displays the origin for Hispanic or Latino population for the Edinburgh
• Population: The population of the specific origin for Hispanic or Latino population in the Edinburgh is shown in this column.
• % of Total Hispanic Population: This column displays the percentage distribution of each Hispanic origin as a proportion of Edinburgh total Hispanic or Latino population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Edinburgh Population by Race & Ethnicity. You can refer the same here

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Edinburgh population by age cohorts (Children: Under 18 years; Working population: 18-64 years; Senior population: 65 years or more). It lists the population in each age cohort group along with its percentage relative to the total population of Edinburgh. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population distribution across children, working population and senior population for dependency ratio, housing requirements, ageing, migration patterns etc.

Key observations

The largest age group was 18 to 64 years with a poulation of 2,649 (63.21% of the total population). Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Age cohorts:

• Under 18 years
• 18 to 64 years
• 65 years and over

Variables / Data Columns

• Age Group: This column displays the age cohort for the Edinburgh population analysis. Total expected values are 3 groups ( Children, Working Population and Senior Population).
• Population: The population for the age cohort in Edinburgh is shown in the following column.
• Percent of Total Population: The population as a percent of total population of the Edinburgh is shown in the following column.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Edinburgh Population by Age. You can refer the same here

This dataset shows the population data collected for the 2011 Census mapped against Counties, Unitary Authorities, and Local Authority Districts. Fields include, total population, break down by sex, households, population in communal living, school boarders and population density for census areas. This data was sourced from the ONS website. http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/index.html It has been combined with the 2011 census area boundary dataset that can also be found on the ONS website. All re-use of this data should acknowledge the OSN as the source of the data. GIS vector data. This dataset was first accessioned in the EDINA ShareGeo Open repository on 2012-12-11 and migrated to Edinburgh DataShare on 2017-02-21.

This contour dataset complements 13 other datasets as part of a study that compared ancient settlement patterns with modern environmental conditions in the Jazira region of Syria. This study examined settlement distribution and density patterns over the past five millennia using archaeological survey reports and French 1930s 1:200,000 scale maps to locate and map archaeological sites. An archaeological site dataset was created and compared to and modelled with soil, geology, terrain (contour), surface and subsurface hydrology and normal and dry year precipitation pattern datasets; there are also three spreadsheet datasets providing 1963 precipitation and temperature readings collected at three locations in the region. The environmental datasets were created to account for ancient and modern population subsistence activities, which comprise barley and wheat farming and livestock grazing. These environmental datasets were subsequently modelled with the archaeological site dataset, as well as, land use and population density datasets for the Jazira region. Ancient trade routes were also mapped and factored into the model, and a comparison was made to ascertain if there was a correlation between ancient and modern settlement patterns and environmental conditions; the latter influencing subsistence activities. This contour dataset was generated to determine if higher elevations affected rainfall patterns, which in turn, influenced water runoff. Higher precipitation and runoff could influence settlement patterns as water could be collected at lower elevations for the irrigation of short season cultigens. The contour dataset was also used to generate digital elevation models (DEM) to demonstrate the effects of elevations and trade route patterns in the. Derived from 1:200,000 French maps comprising the 1:200,000 French Levant Map Series sheets (Further Information element in this metadata record provides list of sheets).The contour dataset was captured from 11 map sheets, which were based on the French Levant surveys conducted in Syria during the 1930s and mapped at a scale of 1:200,000. The size of each map measures 69 x 59 cm. The contour lines on each sheet were traced to mylar. Subsequently, each mylar sheet was photocopied and reduced in size to an 11 x 17 inch sheet. These sheets were merged to form the contiguous area comprising the full extent of the boundary for the study area. This was then traced again to another mylar sheet and subsequently scanned and cleaned for further processing and use in a GIS. GIS vector data. This dataset was first accessioned in the EDINA ShareGeo Open repository on 2010-07-06 and migrated to Edinburgh DataShare on 2017-02-21.

This dry year precipitation dataset complements 13 other datasets as part of a study that compared ancient settlement patterns with modern environmental conditions in the Jazira region of Syria. This study examined settlement distribution and density patterns over the past five millennia using archaeological survey reports and French 1930s 1:200,000 scale maps to locate and map archaeological sites. An archaeological site dataset was created and compared to and modelled with soil, geology, terrain (contour), surface and subsurface hydrology and normal and dry year precipitation pattern datasets; there are also three spreadsheet datasets providing 1963 precipitation and temperature readings collected at three locations in the region. The environmental datasets were created to account for ancient and modern population subsistence activities, which comprise barley and wheat farming and livestock grazing. These environmental datasets were subsequently modelled with the archaeological site dataset, as well as, land use and population density datasets for the Jazira region. Ancient trade routes were also mapped and factored into the model, and a comparison was made to ascertain if there was a correlation between ancient and modern settlement patterns and environmental conditions; the latter influencing subsistence activities. This dataset was created to show precipitation patterns for dry years in the Jazira region; annual precipitation is measured in millimetres. The purpose of mapping was to compare precipitation and settlement patterns in the region. The northern half of the Jazira region receives adequate annual rainfall to sustain dry farming activities; during dry seasons, suitable rainfall is restricted to the northern edges of the region and in higher elevations. Derived from maps produced in following publication: Eugen Wirth: Syrien, eine geographsiche Landeskunde, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1971.Dry year precipitation map was copied to mylar and scanned to create a polygon coverage. Each polygon was labelled and attributed with precipitation values, measured in millimetres. GIS vector data. This dataset was first accessioned in the EDINA ShareGeo Open repository on 2010-07-06 and migrated to Edinburgh DataShare on 2017-02-21.

This research investigates how differences in dyslexic and non-dyslexic readers' fluency are related to differences in how they process multiple items. When people read, they typically have to process multiple items (eg, letters within words). Research has shown that non-dyslexic readers are more fluent when reading or naming objects aloud when they are presented with more than one item (word or letter) at a time than when items are presented individually, suggesting that they process multiple consecutive items simultaneously. In contrast, dyslexic readers are less fluent when presented with more than one item. This research investigates why this might be so, focusing on three research questions: To what extent does processing for consecutive items overlap? How does such overlapping processing affect fluency? Which specific aspects of multi-item processing are impaired in dyslexia? The research involves recording dyslexic and non-dyslexic readers' eye-movements and voice responses as they name sequences of letters. They investigate whether recognition or retrieval of a letter is influenced by early processing of that letter before it is directly looked at, or by explicit processing once it is directly looked at. They also investigate whether processing is affected by cumulative early and later exposure to a letter. Data was collected from individual volunteer participants from University of Edinburgh population who responded to adverts. Collected data was inidividuals' RTs and spoken stimuli names.

This dataset provides Census 2022 estimates for the English language skills by Individuals in Scotland.

English language skills

A classification of a persons skills in the English Language. It breaks down into combinations of "Understand (spoken)", "Speak", "Read" and "Write".

Details of classification can be found here

The quality assurance report can be found here

The GS:SFHS Data Dictionary is a set of information describing the contents, format, and structure of the phenotype data collected during recruitment (2006-2011) to the Generation Scotland Scottish Family Health Study (GS:SFHS), or derived subsequently from study data collected during recruitment. This dataset replaces the one at https://datashare.is.ed.ac.uk/handle/10283/2724

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the population of Edinburgh by race. It includes the population of Edinburgh across racial categories (excluding ethnicity) as identified by the Census Bureau. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population distribution of Edinburgh across relevant racial categories.

Key observations

The percent distribution of Edinburgh population by race (across all racial categories recognized by the U.S. Census Bureau): 97.78% are white, 0.31% are Black or African American, 0.24% are Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander, 0.31% are some other race and 1.35% are multiracial.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2018-2022 5-Year Estimates.

Racial categories include:

• White
• Black or African American
• American Indian and Alaska Native
• Asian
• Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
• Some other race
• Two or more races (multiracial)

Variables / Data Columns

• Race: This column displays the racial categories (excluding ethnicity) for the Edinburgh
• Population: The population of the racial category (excluding ethnicity) in the Edinburgh is shown in this column.
• % of Total Population: This column displays the percentage distribution of each race as a proportion of Edinburgh total population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Edinburgh Population by Race & Ethnicity. You can refer the same here

The Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study (GS:SFHS) is a family-based population cohort with DNA, biological samples, socio-demographic, psychological and clinical data from ~24,000 adult volunteers across Scotland. Although data collection was cross-sectional, GS:SFHS became a prospective cohort due to the ability to link to routine Electronic Health Record (EHR) data. Over 20,000 participants were selected for genotyping using a genome-wide array. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were used to test the effects of a spectrum of variants, imputed using the Haplotype Research Consortium (HRC) dataset allowed investigation of variants with low minor allele frequencies in the entire GS:SFHS genotyped cohort. Genome-wide associations were run on 20,032 individuals using both genotyped and HRC imputed data. The dataset contains genome-wide association summary statistics for this project. GWAS summary statistics of GDF15 in the Generation Scotland cohort. Data generated contributed to a paper submitted to Nature, 'Fetally-encoded GDF15 and maternal GDF15 sensitivity are major determinants of nausea and vomiting in human pregnancy'.