At the 2021 Australian census, 278,043 people in New South Wales were Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander. New South Wales is Australia’s most populated state, also housing Australia’s largest city, Sydney. By comparison, Australia’s second largest state, Victoria, was home to around 66 thousand Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
There are around 800,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia, which represents just over three percent of the Australian population. Indigenous people are often referred to as Australia's first people or the traditional custodians of the land in recognition of their ancestors inhabiting Australia more than 60,000 years ago. Australia's Indigenous peoples are represented by two distinct groups. Aboriginal people come from the Australian mainland. Torres Strait Islander people inhabit the group of Islands between the northern tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea and represent less than 40,000 people.
Closing the gap
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples experience significantly poorer health and wellbeing outcomes when compared to their non-Indigenous Australian counterparts. The average life expectancy of Indigenous Australians is around eight years shorter than that of the non-Indigenous population. In education, Indigenous Australians are also underrepresented, but attendance rates are improving and in 2019, full-time Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students numbered well over 200,000 people.
The average life expectancy of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia is just one indicator of the gap in health outcomes that exists between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. From 2015 to 2017, the average life expectancy of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island men and women in major cities in Australia was 72.1 and 76.5 years, respectively. By comparison, the non-Indigenous population lived around eight years longer on average. This divide is even more pronounced in rural and very remote areas where the life expectancy of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders drops to below 70 years.
Closing the gap
Over the past decade the federal, state and territory Governments of Australia have been working toward closing the gap of inequality experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with the Closing the Gap Framework, introduced in 2008. The Framework identified seven target areas for improving the health and wellbeing outcomes of Indigenous Australians. These target areas covered early childhood, schooling, health, economic participation, healthy homes, safe communities, and governance and leadership. In 2020, school enrollment rates were steadily increasing and more Indigenous Australians were attaining a bachelor degree. As a result, the schooling target was considered to be ‘on track’ along with early childhood education participation.
More work to be done
Although two of the seven targets were ‘on track’ in 2020, the other five Closing the Gap targets were not. This indicated that Australia still has a long way to go in order to significantly reduce the gap of disadvantage faced by indigenous Australians. This is evident in the proportion of Aboriginal Australians who remain unemployed or not in the labor force and Indigenous youth incarceration rates, which have been increasing.
The share of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population in Australia in 2019 was highest in New South Wales with around 33 percent of the indigenous population in Australia living there. Comparatively, the Australian Capital Territory accounted for only one percent of the country's indigenous population in that year.
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This dataset has been developed by the Australian Government as an authoritative source of indigenous location names across Australia. It is sponsored by the Spatial Policy Branch within the Department of Communications and managed solely by the Department of Human Services.
The dataset is designed to support the accurate positioning, consistent reporting, and effective delivery of Australian Government programs and services to indigenous locations.
The dataset contains Preferred and Alternate names for indigenous locations where Australian Government programs and services have been, are being, or may be provided. The Preferred name will always default to a State or Territory jurisdiction's gazetted name so the term 'preferred' does not infer that this is the locally known name for the location. Similarly, locational details are aligned, where possible, with those published in State and Territory registers.
This dataset is NOT a complete listing of all locations at which indigenous people reside. Town and city names are not included in the dataset. The dataset contains names that represent indigenous communities, outstations, defined indigenous areas within a town or city or locations where services have been provided.
The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander resident population in Australia was forecasted to increase to close to 1.1 million by 2031, based on 2016 population estimates. The forecasted Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander resident population for 2023 was approximately 919 thousand people.
In 2021, 24.3 percent of First Nations people aged 20 to 64 living in the Australian Capital Territory of Australia had a Bachelor degree in Australia. The national average for all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders was 9.8 percent. Just four percent of First Nations people living in the Northern Territory had a bachelor degree as of 2021.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have lived successfully on the Australian continent for at least 40 000 years. Their quest for water, based on an intimate knowledge of their environment, particularly in arid Australia, was a skilled and specialised endeavour. Following the European occupation over 200 years ago, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population decreased rapidly due to the ravages of colonisation. Introduced infectious diseases, such as smallpox, typhoid fever, leprosy, and venereal disease, were a major factor in increased mortality and morbidity; tribal land displacement and massacre of some communities was another major factor. The current health status of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people is poorer than that of other Australians. Their pattern of mortality and morbidity shows the burden of both infectious and lifestyle diseases. This poor health status is associated with wide-ranging socioeconomic disadvantage. The environmental living conditions of many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people remains an impediment to major health improvement. The lack of adequate and safe water supplies is an important factor in the continued poor health status of many communities. A recent national survey of housing and infrastructure needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population centres has improved our understanding of the current water supply situation. Providing a safe adequate water supply alone will not automatically result in any significant improvement in health. Many other factors are involved. However, safe water is the doorway to health and health is the prerequisite for progress, social equity and human dignity (Napalkov, 1992). This paper examines the relationships between water and health and why the many national surveys and enquires have failed to secure a noticeable and sustainable benefit among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
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This dataset presents the social and economic indicators for the indigenous population of Australia based on the 2016 Census and aggregated following the 2016 edition of the Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS). The data has been provided by The National Centre for Social and Economic Modelling (NATSEM) and includes the following indicators: age, sex, employment, education level, occupation, school attendance, language, household relationships, family types, household tenure type, household income, motor vehicles and household family composition. All indicators were extracted from the ABS Tablebuilder system using the usual residence profile. For usual residence data, the ABS moves people back to where they live, rather than using the location the data were collected (place of enumeration). Usual residence data is preferred for individual level data because it removes the effect of respondents travelling or holidaying. All rates were calculated as a proportion of all Indigenous people in the area, excluding any Not Stated or Overseas Visitors. Therefore, summing the rates across all categories for an indicator will give a total of 100%. For more information please view the NATSEM Technical Report. Please note: AURIN has spatially enabled the original data provided directly from NATSEM. Where data values are NULL, the data is either unpublished or not applicable mathematically.
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This data set includes 1) customised geographies for 3047 settlements in Australia and their associated sociodemographic data as calculated from ABS data, and 2) detailed codes reflecting the legal protections for residential electricity customers across 12 selected indicators, which applied in each settlement in Australia on 1 July 2022. This data is best interpreted with the associated codebook, and the associated manuscript provides further details on the coding process.Geography identificationThe Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Urban Centres and Localities (UCL) dataset identifies all settlements in Australia with populations of 200 or more people. There are also many smaller towns and settlements in Australia. To capture both large and small settlements, we developed a detailed settlement classification based on ABS’s smallest geographical units, Mesh Blocks (MBs), which cover the whole country without gaps or overlaps and which are intended to contain between 30 and 60 dwellings. Settlements have latitude and longitude of centre point included. We identified settlements using several steps:Estimated Residential Populations (ERP) at 30 June 2021 are imputed for every MB for the total population and the Indigenous population by progressively downscaling state/territory ERPs using Census counts tabulated at the SA4, SA3, SA2, SA1 and MB level.All MBs within a UCLs are allocated to that UCL.All remaining MBs classified by the ABS as being primarily used for residential purposes are grouped into clusters based on spatial contiguity.Clusters of MBs that are contiguous with a UCL are allocated to that UCL.Unallocated MB clusters are classified based on OpenStreetMap data. Specifically, a place name is allocated to a cluster of MBs if the MBs intersect an OpenStreetMap node with a “place” tag containing any of the values “city”, “town”, “village”, “hamlet” or “isolated_dwelling” and with a “name” tag.Unallocated MB clusters with a total ERP of 20 or less are excluded.Unallocated MB clusters that are within 10 km of a UCL are allocated to that UCL.Unallocated MB clusters that are within 10 km of a named OpenStreetMap place node (as above) are allocated to that place.Some outliers (e.g., prisons, a fracking field) were manually removed.Extensive manual checking against satellite photographs and other gazetteers was undertaken, especially of those MBs allocated to a settlement on the basis of distance to the closest named place. We manually added a number of named place nodes in OpenStreetMap based on a visual inspection of interim results.The exclusions column reflects 42 settlements (additional to the mapped 3047) for which names were identified but for which there is incomplete sociodemographic and policy data; we do not recommend using these settlements for analytical purposes.Sociodemographic data mapped to this settlement levelSEIFA indicators for the customised geographies, calculated as a population-weighted average of its constituent MBs. IRSAD, IRSD, IER, and IEO are included. See ABS for descriptions of these indicators.Remoteness as a dichotomous indicator (0 = 'Remote' or 'Very Remote'; 1 = ‘Major Cities’, ‘Inner Regional’, ‘Outer Regional’). Remoteness is determined from the ABS 2021 Remoteness Areas (see associated manuscript for further details).Estimated Resident Population (ERP).Percent of population that is Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander People.Coding of legal protectionsData collection was completed during October 2021 to February 2023 and included review of 284 legal documents to identify protections in each settlement (reflected in respective "Agency, document" columns). Regulatory environment at the settlement level was cross-checked with review of over 800 further documents to ensure no exceptions were overlooked. Settlements were coded based on their legal protections up to and including 1 July 2022. Regulation undergoes frequent iteration, and there were many pending changes variously proposed, in draft form or in the process of introduction during our review. For example, one major change not captured by review is the transfer for responsibility for electricity services for 141 remote Aboriginal communities in WA (Remote Essential and Municipal Services communities) from the Department of Communities to the licensed utility Horizon Power (effective 1 April 2023). Document review focused on consumer focused electricity retail regulation (such as the National Energy Retail Law, NERL). Where categories of interest for electricity services fell within distributor remit as opposed to retailer remit (such as solar connections), we reviewed the appropriate documents associated with that level of electricity regulation (such as the National Electricity Rules (NER) made by the Australian Energy Market Commission (AEMC) under the NEL). Further details on the regulatory review process are included in the associated manuscript.We mapped twelve categories, separately recording prepay and post-pay customer protections where applicable. Separate coding of prepay and post-pay was undertaken due to the different types of legal protections afforded to customers for each of these payment types. The coding questions are as follows:Is the use of prepayment meters expressly prohibited by act, regulation, code, or licence condition?Are protections from disconnection due to non-payment required for life support customers pursuant to act, regulation, code or licence condition? (pre and post)Is the retailer required to have a family violence policy pursuant to act, regulation, code or licence condition? (pre and post)Is the retailer required to provide protections from disconnection/self-disconnection during an extreme weather event pursuant to act, regulation, code, or licence condition? (pre and post)Does an act, regulation, code or licence condition establish a guaranteed service level scheme which the distributor must adhere to regarding unplanned interruptions in the customer's electricity supply? (pre and post)What type of discretion does the regulation establish for customer right to connect residential solar?In the contract (such as a model standing offer) that a customer would refer to when connecting solar to a distribution network, are there clear eligibility criteria laid out under which the consumer could reasonably expect the distributor to approve a connection request for solar? (pre and post)Is the retailer required to report total numbers of customer disconnections for non‐payment (i.e., disconnections in the case of post-pay or so-called ‘self‐disconnections’ in the case of prepay) pursuant to act, regulation, code, or licence condition? (pre and post)Does an act, regulation, code, or licence condition require the retailer to have and publish customer complaints / dispute resolution procedures? (pre and post)Does an act, regulation, code, or licence condition require the retailer to be subject to an independent investigation and resolution process e.g., ombudsman scheme in relation to customer complaints / disputes? (pre and post)Does an act, regulation, code, or licence condition require the distributor to have and publish customer complaint / dispute resolution procedures? (pre and post)Does legislation, regulation, code, or licence condition require the distributor to be subject to an independent investigation and resolution process e.g., ombudsman scheme in relation to customer complaints / disputes? (pre and post)In addition to recording these protections, we also assessed:Do individual residential customers have a direct contractual relationship (e.g., a retail contract) with the utility?Is the settlement located within the National Electricity Market (NEM) (i.e., part of the interconnected network)?What category of NEM and consumer protections regime does the location belong to? (where the category is descriptive of the type of network (e.g., interconnected, isolated) and regulatory framework (e.g., NERL, local code) which applies for residential customers in each case).The Stata do file is included for ease of aggregating (changing) indicator assignment.
Humans have been living on the continent of Australia (name derived from "Terra Australis"; Latin for "the southern land") for approximately 65,000 years, however population growth was relatively slow until the nineteenth century. Europeans had made some contact with Australia as early as 1606, however there was no significant attempt at settlement until the late eighteenth century. By 1800, the population of Australia was approximately 350,000 people, and the majority of these were Indigenous Australians. As colonization progressed the number of ethnic Europeans increased while the Australian Aboriginal population was decimated through conflict, smallpox and other diseases, with some communities being exterminated completely, such as Aboriginal Tasmanians. Mass migration from Britain and China After the loss of its American colonies in the 1780s, the British Empire looked to other parts of the globe to expand its sphere of influence. In Australia, the first colonies were established in Sydney, Tasmania and Western Australia. Many of these were penal colonies which became home to approximately 164,000 British and Irish convicts who were transported to Australia between 1788 and 1868. As the decades progressed, expansion into the interior intensified, and the entire country was claimed by Britain in 1826. Inland colonization led to further conflict between European settlers and indigenous Australians, which cost the lives of thousands of natives. Inward expansion also saw the discovery of many natural resources, and most notably led to the gold rushes of the 1850s, which attracted substantial numbers of Chinese migrants to Australia. This mass migration from non-European countries eventually led to some restrictive policies being introduced, culminating with the White Australia Policy of 1901, which cemented ethnic-European dominance in Australian politics and society. These policies were not retracted until the second half of the 1900s. Independent Australia Australia changed its status to a British dominion in 1901, and eventually became independent in 1931. Despite this, Australia has remained a part of the British Commonwealth, and Australian forces (ANZAC) fought with the British and their Allies in both World Wars, and were instrumental in campaigns such as Gallipoli in WWI, and the South West Pacific Theater in WWII. The aftermath of both wars had a significant impact on the Australian population, with approximately 90 thousand deaths in both world wars combined, as well as 15 thousand deaths as a result of the Spanish flu pandemic following WWI, although Australia experienced a significant baby boom following the Second World War. In the past fifty years, Australia has promoted immigration from all over the world, and now has one of the strongest economies and highest living standards in the world, with a population that has grown to over 25 million people in 2020.
This dataset lists inmates incarcerated at Cockatoo Island prison in Sydney (Australia) between 1847-1869. It offers insights into how the colonial criminal justice system operated after New South Wales’ transition from a penal colony to a ‘free’ colony when transportation ceased in 1840. It is a useful tool for genealogists tracing the lives of their criminal ancestors and for historians of crime and punishment researching nineteenth-century Australia. The dataset includes prisoners' names and aliases, their ship of arrival, place of origin, details of their colonial conviction(s) (trial place, court, offence, sentence), date(s) admitted to Cockatoo Island, and when and how they were discharged from Cockatoo Island. In some cases, it also includes prisoners' place of origin, occupation, biometric information (height, eye/hair colour, complexion, scars, tattoos), 'condition upon arrival' (convict or free), and (for convicts) details of their original conviction in Britain or Ireland. As a UNESCO World Heritage 'Convict Site' Cockatoo Island is best known as a site of secondary punishment for recidivist convicts, especially those transferred from Norfolk Island. This dataset demonstrates the diversity of the prison population: including nominally free convicts (ticket-of-leave holders), migrants from Britain, China and other Australian colonies drawn in by the gold rush, exiles from Port Phillip, Aboriginal Australians convicted during frontier warfare, colonial-born white Australians (including bushrangers), and black, Indian and American sailors visiting Sydney.
Significant attention has been paid to the more than 160,000 British and Irish convicts who were transported Australia as colonists between 1787 and 1868. Much less has been said about those punished within the criminal justice system that arose in the wake of New South Wales' transition from 'penal' to 'free' colony (Finnane, 1997: x-xi). Cockatoo Island prison opened in 1839, a year before convict transportation to New South Wales ceased, and was intended to punish the most recidivist and violent of the transported convicts. This archetype has prevailed in historical discourses, and they have been described as 'criminal lunatics... [and] criminals incapable of reform' (Parker, 1977: 61); 'the most desperate and abandoned characters' (O'Carrigan, 1994: 64); and people of 'doubtful character' (NSW Government Architect's Office, 2009: 29). Yet, this was far from the truth. My analysis of 1666 prisoners arriving between 1839-52 show they were overwhelming non-violent offenders, tried for minor property crimes at lower courts. They were also far more diverse population than commonly recognised, including Indigenous Australian, Chinese and black convicts alongside majority British and Irish men (Harman, 2012). This project will make publicly available extremely detailed records relating to Cockatoo Island's prisoners to show people firsthand exactly who made up the inmate population. The digital version of the original registers will include information on convicts' criminal record, but also their job, whether they were married or had children, and even what they looked like. It will also be a name-searchable database so family historians can search for their ancestors, who may have been incarcerated on the island. As it stands, they will be able find information online about ancestors who were transported as long as they remained in the 'convict system', but they may seem to disappear as soon as they are awarded their ticket-of-leave and become 'free'. However, many former convicts, and free immigrants, to New South Wales were convicted locally, and these records can give us information about their lives within the colony. The type of data included in these registers will also allow researchers to investigate questions including: (1) were convicts more likely to offend again than free immigrants? (2) Were the children of convicts more likely to offend than others? (3) Did the influx of mostly Chinese migrants during the gold rush actually lead to a crime-wave, as reported in the press? (4) Were laws introduced between 1830 and 1853, actually effective at prosecuting bushrangers (highwaymen)? (5) Was the criminal-judicial system in Australia more rehabilitative, despite developing out of a harsher convict transportation system? Alongside the dataset, the website will include 'life-biographies' of individual convicts to show you how this dataset can be used to piece together a life-story. It also to warns against understanding a real-life person only through the records of their conviction. There many of fascinating stories to tell, including those 'John Perry' ('Black Perry') the prizewinning boxer; the love story of the 'Two Fredericks'; and Tan, the Chinese gold-digger who resisted his incarceration. In addition, there will be teaching resources for secondary school children and undergraduate university students who want to engage directly...
This collection provides a complete list of convict names and sufficient biographical data to enable unambiguous identification of convicts who were disembarked from convict ship "Woodford" at Van Diemen's Land on 1826-11-22
This includes, where known, an estimation of the year of birth, place of birth, where and when convicted, the sentence, the date of arrival in the colony and the convict's age on arrival. The brief convict biographical data provided in this collection serves as an index into the far more extensive set of life course events which are recorded in the prosopgraphy database built by the Founders and Survivors project.
Basic details for this ship: * ship name (as known in VDL records): Woodford * sailed date : 1826-08-05 from London * arrival date : 1826-11-22 * population (per Bateson's The Convict Ships): Embarked:100 Men ; Deaths:1 Men ; Landed:99(VDL) Men
Data for convicts listed in this collection comes from the source which has been determined by Founders and Survivors to form the "base population" for this ship. Further information as to the methodology and the linkage of multiple sources is detailed in the narrative format of the collection. The matching and linkage of additional sources about Tasmanian convict's is the subject of ongoing research. This collection may be repuplished regularly, and in additional formats and with specific user interfaces, to enable public participation in the quality of convict matching and linkage -- see for example the EXPERIMENTAL linkage.htm format for this collection. Linkage for ships arriving at Norfolk Island and Port Philip is incomplete.
This ship's prosopography index is published in a directory named "358.33" (the ship's project id). Three three different file formats provided: -- (default; suitable for web browsing) HTML: world wide web hypertext markup language format which provides a "narrative" view of the collection (index.htm); and -- (structured prosopgraphy: persons and events) XML / TEIp5 : Text Encoding Initiative (version p5) XML format which provides the underlying XML database for this collection (index.xml); and -- Not yet available simple list of convict names in a flat file, tab delimited, suitable for Excel, Stata, SPSS or database usage (index.tab). See notes below.
This collection provides a complete list of convict names and sufficient biographical data to enable unambiguous identification of convicts who were disembarked from convict ship "Gilmore (2)" at Van Diemen's Land on 1839-01-24
This includes, where known, an estimation of the year of birth, place of birth, where and when convicted, the sentence, the date of arrival in the colony and the convict's age on arrival. The brief convict biographical data provided in this collection serves as an index into the far more extensive set of life course events which are recorded in the prosopgraphy database built by the Founders and Survivors project.
Basic details for this ship: * ship name (as known in VDL records): Gilmore (2) * sailed date : 1838-10-05 from Spithead * arrival date : 1839-01-24 * population (per Bateson's The Convict Ships): Embarked:280 Men ; Relanded:1; Deaths:1 Men ; Landed:278(VDL) Men
Data for convicts listed in this collection comes from the source which has been determined by Founders and Survivors to form the "base population" for this ship. Further information as to the methodology and the linkage of multiple sources is detailed in the narrative format of the collection. The matching and linkage of additional sources about Tasmanian convict's is the subject of ongoing research. This collection may be repuplished regularly, and in additional formats and with specific user interfaces, to enable public participation in the quality of convict matching and linkage -- see for example the EXPERIMENTAL linkage.htm format for this collection. Linkage for ships arriving at Norfolk Island and Port Philip is incomplete.
This ship's prosopography index is published in a directory named "364.09" (the ship's project id). Three three different file formats provided: -- (default; suitable for web browsing) HTML: world wide web hypertext markup language format which provides a "narrative" view of the collection (index.htm); and -- (structured prosopgraphy: persons and events) XML / TEIp5 : Text Encoding Initiative (version p5) XML format which provides the underlying XML database for this collection (index.xml); and -- Not yet available simple list of convict names in a flat file, tab delimited, suitable for Excel, Stata, SPSS or database usage (index.tab). See notes below.
In 2021, around 87.4 percent of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander persons living in Australia whose main language was a language other than English were able to speak English well or very well. This marked an increase compared to 78 percent at the beginning of the measured period in 2006.
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This figure features in the IEEE SSSIT opinion piece that will be published in 2017 titled " Pervasive Technology: Aboriginal Communities and Oppression." The figure suggests that all online systems due to data retention laws in Australia are now subject to interception and interrogation by those who conduct surveillance of personal data and related service agencies.
The statistic shows the total population of Australia from 1980 to 2021, with projections up until 2029. In 2021, Australia had a total population of about 25.77 million people. Population of Australia Australia is among the ten largest countries in the world, in terms of area size, although its total population is low in relation to this. Much of Australia’s interior remains uninhabited, as the majority of Australians live in coastal metropolises and cities. Most of the population is of European descent (predominantly British), although there is a growing share of the population with Asian heritage; only a small percentage belongs to the indigenous Aboriginal population. Australia's year-on-year population growth is fairly high compared to most other economically and demographically advanced nations, due to comparatively high rates of natural increase and immigration. Living standards Standard of living is fairly high in Australia, which can be seen when looking at the Human Development Index, which ranks countries by their level of human development and living standards, such as their unemployment rate, literacy rate, or life expectancy at birth. Life expectancy of Australia’s population is quite high in international comparison, for example, Australia is also among the leading countries when it comes to this key factor.
Economically speaking, Australia is also among the leading nations, with a steadily rising employment rate, an increasing gross domestic product (GDP) with a steady growth rate, and a relatively stable share in the global GDP.
This collection provides a complete list of convict names and sufficient biographical data to enable unambiguous identification of convicts who were disembarked from convict ship "East London" at Van Diemen's Land on 1843-09-21
This includes, where known, an estimation of the year of birth, place of birth, where and when convicted, the sentence, the date of arrival in the colony and the convict's age on arrival. The brief convict biographical data provided in this collection serves as an index into the far more extensive set of life course events which are recorded in the prosopgraphy database built by the Founders and Survivors project.
Basic details for this ship: * ship name (as known in VDL records): East London * sailed date : 1843-05-10 from Dublin * arrival date : 1843-09-21 * population (per Bateson's The Convict Ships): Embarked:?133 Women ; Deaths:17 Women ; Landed:116(VDL) Women
Data for convicts listed in this collection comes from the source which has been determined by Founders and Survivors to form the "base population" for this ship. Further information as to the methodology and the linkage of multiple sources is detailed in the narrative format of the collection. The matching and linkage of additional sources about Tasmanian convict's is the subject of ongoing research. This collection may be repuplished regularly, and in additional formats and with specific user interfaces, to enable public participation in the quality of convict matching and linkage -- see for example the EXPERIMENTAL linkage.htm format for this collection. Linkage for ships arriving at Norfolk Island and Port Philip is incomplete.
This ship's prosopography index is published in a directory named "366.26" (the ship's project id). Three three different file formats provided: -- (default; suitable for web browsing) HTML: world wide web hypertext markup language format which provides a "narrative" view of the collection (index.htm); and -- (structured prosopgraphy: persons and events) XML / TEIp5 : Text Encoding Initiative (version p5) XML format which provides the underlying XML database for this collection (index.xml); and -- Not yet available simple list of convict names in a flat file, tab delimited, suitable for Excel, Stata, SPSS or database usage (index.tab). See notes below.
This collection provides a complete list of convict names and sufficient biographical data to enable unambiguous identification of convicts who were disembarked from convict ship "Moffatt (3)" at Van Diemen's Land on 1842-11-28
This includes, where known, an estimation of the year of birth, place of birth, where and when convicted, the sentence, the date of arrival in the colony and the convict's age on arrival. The brief convict biographical data provided in this collection serves as an index into the far more extensive set of life course events which are recorded in the prosopgraphy database built by the Founders and Survivors project.
Basic details for this ship: * ship name (as known in VDL records): Moffatt (3) * sailed date : 1842-08-14 from Plymouth * arrival date : 1842-11-28 * population (per Bateson's The Convict Ships): Embarked:390 Men ; Relanded:1; Deaths:2 Men ; Landed:387(VDL) Men
Data for convicts listed in this collection comes from the source which has been determined by Founders and Survivors to form the "base population" for this ship. Further information as to the methodology and the linkage of multiple sources is detailed in the narrative format of the collection. The matching and linkage of additional sources about Tasmanian convict's is the subject of ongoing research. This collection may be repuplished regularly, and in additional formats and with specific user interfaces, to enable public participation in the quality of convict matching and linkage -- see for example the EXPERIMENTAL linkage.htm format for this collection. Linkage for ships arriving at Norfolk Island and Port Philip is incomplete.
This ship's prosopography index is published in a directory named "366.13" (the ship's project id). Three three different file formats provided: -- (default; suitable for web browsing) HTML: world wide web hypertext markup language format which provides a "narrative" view of the collection (index.htm); and -- (structured prosopgraphy: persons and events) XML / TEIp5 : Text Encoding Initiative (version p5) XML format which provides the underlying XML database for this collection (index.xml); and -- Not yet available simple list of convict names in a flat file, tab delimited, suitable for Excel, Stata, SPSS or database usage (index.tab). See notes below.
This collection provides a complete list of convict names and sufficient biographical data to enable unambiguous identification of convicts who were disembarked from convict ship "Barossa (2)" at Van Diemen's Land on 1844-09-05
This includes, where known, an estimation of the year of birth, place of birth, where and when convicted, the sentence, the date of arrival in the colony and the convict's age on arrival. The brief convict biographical data provided in this collection serves as an index into the far more extensive set of life course events which are recorded in the prosopgraphy database built by the Founders and Survivors project.
Basic details for this ship: * ship name (as known in VDL records): Barossa (2) * sailed date : 1844-05-17 from Downs * arrival date : 1844-09-05 * population (per Bateson's The Convict Ships): Embarked:324 Men ; Relanded:3; Deaths:2 Men ; Landed:319(VDL) Men
Data for convicts listed in this collection comes from the source which has been determined by Founders and Survivors to form the "base population" for this ship. Further information as to the methodology and the linkage of multiple sources is detailed in the narrative format of the collection. The matching and linkage of additional sources about Tasmanian convict's is the subject of ongoing research. This collection may be repuplished regularly, and in additional formats and with specific user interfaces, to enable public participation in the quality of convict matching and linkage -- see for example the EXPERIMENTAL linkage.htm format for this collection. Linkage for ships arriving at Norfolk Island and Port Philip is incomplete.
This ship's prosopography index is published in a directory named "366.44" (the ship's project id). Three three different file formats provided: -- (default; suitable for web browsing) HTML: world wide web hypertext markup language format which provides a "narrative" view of the collection (index.htm); and -- (structured prosopgraphy: persons and events) XML / TEIp5 : Text Encoding Initiative (version p5) XML format which provides the underlying XML database for this collection (index.xml); and -- Not yet available simple list of convict names in a flat file, tab delimited, suitable for Excel, Stata, SPSS or database usage (index.tab). See notes below.
This collection provides a complete list of convict names and sufficient biographical data to enable unambiguous identification of convicts who were disembarked from convict ship "Asia (2)" at Van Diemen's Land on 1827-11-30
This includes, where known, an estimation of the year of birth, place of birth, where and when convicted, the sentence, the date of arrival in the colony and the convict's age on arrival. The brief convict biographical data provided in this collection serves as an index into the far more extensive set of life course events which are recorded in the prosopgraphy database built by the Founders and Survivors project.
Basic details for this ship: * ship name (as known in VDL records): Asia (2) * sailed date : 1827-08-17 from London * arrival date : 1827-11-30 * population (per Bateson's The Convict Ships): Embarked:160 Men ; Relanded:2; Deaths:1 Men ; Landed:157(VDL) Men
Data for convicts listed in this collection comes from the source which has been determined by Founders and Survivors to form the "base population" for this ship. Further information as to the methodology and the linkage of multiple sources is detailed in the narrative format of the collection. The matching and linkage of additional sources about Tasmanian convict's is the subject of ongoing research. This collection may be repuplished regularly, and in additional formats and with specific user interfaces, to enable public participation in the quality of convict matching and linkage -- see for example the EXPERIMENTAL linkage.htm format for this collection. Linkage for ships arriving at Norfolk Island and Port Philip is incomplete.
This ship's prosopography index is published in a directory named "358.41" (the ship's project id). Three three different file formats provided: -- (default; suitable for web browsing) HTML: world wide web hypertext markup language format which provides a "narrative" view of the collection (index.htm); and -- (structured prosopgraphy: persons and events) XML / TEIp5 : Text Encoding Initiative (version p5) XML format which provides the underlying XML database for this collection (index.xml); and -- Not yet available simple list of convict names in a flat file, tab delimited, suitable for Excel, Stata, SPSS or database usage (index.tab). See notes below.
At the 2021 Australian census, 278,043 people in New South Wales were Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander. New South Wales is Australia’s most populated state, also housing Australia’s largest city, Sydney. By comparison, Australia’s second largest state, Victoria, was home to around 66 thousand Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
There are around 800,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia, which represents just over three percent of the Australian population. Indigenous people are often referred to as Australia's first people or the traditional custodians of the land in recognition of their ancestors inhabiting Australia more than 60,000 years ago. Australia's Indigenous peoples are represented by two distinct groups. Aboriginal people come from the Australian mainland. Torres Strait Islander people inhabit the group of Islands between the northern tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea and represent less than 40,000 people.
Closing the gap
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples experience significantly poorer health and wellbeing outcomes when compared to their non-Indigenous Australian counterparts. The average life expectancy of Indigenous Australians is around eight years shorter than that of the non-Indigenous population. In education, Indigenous Australians are also underrepresented, but attendance rates are improving and in 2019, full-time Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students numbered well over 200,000 people.