The China County-Level Data on Population (Census) and Agriculture, Keyed To 1:1M GIS Map consists of census, agricultural economic, and boundary data for the administrative regions of China for 1990. The census data includes urban and rural residency, age and sex distribution, educational attainment, illiteracy, marital status, childbirth, mortality, immigration (since 1985), industrial/economic activity, occupation, and ethnicity. The agricultural economic data encompasses rural population, labor force, forestry, livestock and fishery, commodities, equipment, utilities, irrigation, and output value. The boundary data are at a scale of one to one million (1:1M) at the county level. This data set is produced in collaboration with the University of Washington as part of the China in Time and Space (CITAS) project, University of California-Davis China in Time and Space (CITAS) project, and the Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN).

China Population: Prefecture Level City data was reported at 1,291,941.900 Person th in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,289,538.000 Person th for 2014. China Population: Prefecture Level City data is updated yearly, averaging 1,194,579.100 Person th from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2015, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,291,941.900 Person th in 2015 and a record low of 897,719.200 Person th in 1997. China Population: Prefecture Level City data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GE: Population: Prefecture Level City.

A 100-m gridded population dataset of China’s seventh census in 2020 was generated by stacking ensemble learning and geospatial big data. The county-level and town-level data of China’s seventh census and ten related covariates at the 100-m resolution were first collected as the input datasets. Three popular machine learning algorithms (i.e., random forest, XGBoost, and LightGBM) were chosen as base models to create and train the stacking ensemble learning to generate gridded population dataset for China.The estimated gridded population dataset (R2=0.8936) is more accurate than existing WorldPop (R2=0.7427) and LandScan (R2=0.7165) products assessed by the town-level test census data. The dataset is associated with the paper of "Yuehong Chen, Congcong Xu, Yong Ge, Xiaoxiang Zhang and Ya'nan Zhou. A 100-m gridded population dataset of China’s seventh census using ensemble learning and big geospatial data, 2024" published in the journal of Earth System Science Data.

• The current US Census Bureau world population estimate in June 2019 shows that the current global population is 7,577,130,400 people on Earth, which far exceeds the world population of 7.2 billion in 2015. Our estimate based on UN data shows the world's population surpassing 7.7 billion.
• China is the most populous country in the world with a population exceeding 1.4 billion. It is one of just two countries with a population of more than 1 billion, with India being the second. As of 2018, India has a population of over 1.355 billion people, and its population growth is expected to continue through at least 2050. By the year 2030, India is expected to become the most populous country in the world. This is because India’s population will grow, while China is projected to see a loss in population.
• The following 11 countries that are the most populous in the world each have populations exceeding 100 million. These include the United States, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Russia, Mexico, Japan, Ethiopia, and the Philippines. Of these nations, all are expected to continue to grow except Russia and Japan, which will see their populations drop by 2030 before falling again significantly by 2050.
• Many other nations have populations of at least one million, while there are also countries that have just thousands. The smallest population in the world can be found in Vatican City, where only 801 people reside.
• In 2018, the world’s population growth rate was 1.12%. Every five years since the 1970s, the population growth rate has continued to fall. The world’s population is expected to continue to grow larger but at a much slower pace. By 2030, the population will exceed 8 billion. In 2040, this number will grow to more than 9 billion. In 2055, the number will rise to over 10 billion, and another billion people won’t be added until near the end of the century. The current annual population growth estimates from the United Nations are in the millions - estimating that over 80 million new lives are added yearly.
• This population growth will be significantly impacted by nine specific countries which are situated to contribute to the population growth more quickly than other nations. These nations include the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, and the United States of America. Particularly of interest, India is on track to overtake China's position as the most populous country by 2030. Additionally, multiple nations within Africa are expected to double their populations before fertility rates begin to slow entirely.

Content

• In this Dataset, we have Historical Population data for every Country/Territory in the world by different parameters like Area Size of the Country/Territory, Name of the Continent, Name of the Capital, Density, Population Growth Rate, Ranking based on Population, World Population Percentage, etc. >Dataset Glossary (Column-Wise):
• Rank: Rank by Population.
• CCA3: 3 Digit Country/Territories Code.
• Country/Territories: Name of the Country/Territories.
• Capital: Name of the Capital.
• Continent: Name of the Continent.
• 2022 Population: Population of the Country/Territories in the year 2022.
• 2020 Population: Population of the Country/Territories in the year 2020.
• 2015 Population: Population of the Country/Territories in the year 2015.
• 2010 Population: Population of the Country/Territories in the year 2010.
• 2000 Population: Population of the Country/Territories in the year 2000.
• 1990 Population: Population of the Country/Territories in the year 1990.
• 1980 Population: Population of the Country/Territories in the year 1980.
• 1970 Population: Population of the Country/Territories in the year 1970.
• Area (km²): Area size of the Country/Territories in square kilometers.
• Density (per km²): Population Density per square kilometer.
• Growth Rate: Population Growth Rate by Country/Territories.
• World Population Percentage: The population percentage by each Country/Territories.

Population: Education Level: Primary: Guizhou data was reported at 12.761 Person th in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 12.469 Person th for 2022. Population: Education Level: Primary: Guizhou data is updated yearly, averaging 14.117 Person th from Dec 1982 (Median) to 2023, with 30 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15,352.997 Person th in 2000 and a record low of 8.758 Person th in 2014. Population: Education Level: Primary: Guizhou data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GA: Population: Sample Survey: Level of Education: By Region.

Population density population distribution is the main form and the main indicators to measure regional differences in population distribution. Town (Street) at the grass-roots administrative system in China, is China's smallest administrative unit of the public release of census data, population density in the township-level data can be objective and precise characterization of the spatial pattern of population distribution and trends in China, and for research on resources, environment and population issues is of great significance. Paper standardized processing has China Liaoning, and Jilin, and in Inner Mongolia (part area), and Beijing, and Tianjin, and Shanghai, and Hebei, and Henan, and Shaanxi, and Ningxia, and Shanxi, and Shandong, and Anhui, and Jiangsu, and Hunan, and Hubei, and Jiangxi, and Zhejiang, and Fujian, and Guangdong, and Hainan, and Yunnan, and Guizhou, and Qinghai, and Tibet, 25 a province (municipalities, and autonomous regions) Township (Street) level administrative line data and the fifth times census Township (Street) level population statistics data, guarantee Township border county (district) Territories consistent, and Spatial and census information for each township unit corresponds to one by one. On this basis, accurately matching the spatial extent of each township and census information, calculated the average population density of communes, form the data set.

The China County-Level Data on Provincial Economic Yearbooks, Keyed To 1:1M GIS Map consists of socioeconomic and boundary data for the administrative regions of China for 1990 and 1991. The socioeconomic data includes natural resources, population, employment, investment, wage, public finance, price, people's livelihood, agriculture, industry, energy, production, transportation, telecommunication, construction, trade, tourism, environmental protection, education, science, patents, culture, sports, health care, and social welfare. The boundary data are at a scale of one to one million (1:1M) at the county level. This data set is produced in collaboration with the University of Washington as part of the China in Time and Space (CITAS) project, University of Michigan Center of China Studies (CCS), and the Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN).

This dataset provides a comprehensive analysis of urban population density and polycentricity dynamics across Chinese cities from 2001 to 2021. The data are meticulously collected and processed to reflect the evolution of subcenters within metropolitan areas, capturing changes in spatial structure and population distribution over two decades. Each entry represents a city-level snapshot that includes metrics such as population density at different subcenters, the degree of polycentricity.

The dataset is valuable for researchers, policymakers, and urban planners interested in understanding the trends and patterns of urban development in China. It can be used to support studies on urban sprawl, economic geography, transportation planning, and sustainable development policies. By providing detailed spatiotemporal information, this resource facilitates comparative analyses between cities and regions, contributing to a deeper understanding of urbanization processes.

Key Features:

• Temporal Coverage: Annual data from 2001 to 2021
• Geographical Scope: 336 Cities throughout China, including the two Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macao, and Taiwan Province.
• Data Metrics: Population density at various subcenters, polycentricity index, and related urban indicators
• Format: Two final CSV files with accompanying 21 Shapefiles metadata
• Attributes for each shpfile: The Area means the area of this subcenter, the SUM means the total population of this subcenter.

*Please note that the English names of the cities in the CSV files are collected from the website. The name of cities in Chinese shall prevail, which can be refered the City Name.xlsx.

Researchers should cite this dataset and relevant paper when using it in publications or presentations. Detialed data collection and processing can be found in the relevant published paper. For further information or questions regarding the dataset, please contact the corresponding author.

China Population: Education Level: Primary: Female data was reported at 195.372 Person th in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 184,765.550 Person th for 2020. China Population: Education Level: Primary: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 195.865 Person th from Dec 1982 (Median) to 2021, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 224,578.928 Person th in 2000 and a record low of 135.591 Person th in 2019. China Population: Education Level: Primary: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GA: Population: Sample Survey: Level of Education.

Population: Census: Henan: Anyang data was reported at 5,477.614 Person th in 12-01-2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 5,172.834 Person th for 12-01-2010. Population: Census: Henan: Anyang data is updated decadal, averaging 5,172.834 Person th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 12-01-2020, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,477.614 Person th in 12-01-2020 and a record low of 5,161.106 Person th in 12-01-2000. Population: Census: Henan: Anyang data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Anyang Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GE: Population: Prefecture Level City: By Census.

Population: Census: Chongqing data was reported at 32,054.159 Person th in 12-01-2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 28,846.200 Person th for 12-01-2010. Population: Census: Chongqing data is updated decadal, averaging 30,512.763 Person th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 12-01-2020, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32,054.159 Person th in 12-01-2020 and a record low of 28,846.200 Person th in 12-01-2010. Population: Census: Chongqing data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GE: Population: Prefecture Level City: By Census.

Population: Census: Hebei: Tangshan data was reported at 7,717.983 Person th in 12-01-2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 7,577.284 Person th for 12-01-2010. Population: Census: Hebei: Tangshan data is updated decadal, averaging 7,577.284 Person th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 12-01-2020, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,717.983 Person th in 12-01-2020 and a record low of 7,040.554 Person th in 12-01-2000. Population: Census: Hebei: Tangshan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Tangshan Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GE: Population: Prefecture Level City: By Census.

Population: Census: Hunan: Zhangjiajie data was reported at 1,517.027 Person th in 12-01-2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,476.521 Person th for 12-01-2010. Population: Census: Hunan: Zhangjiajie data is updated decadal, averaging 1,493.115 Person th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 12-01-2020, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,517.027 Person th in 12-01-2020 and a record low of 1,476.521 Person th in 12-01-2010. Population: Census: Hunan: Zhangjiajie data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Zhangjiajie Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GE: Population: Prefecture Level City: By Census.

Population: Census: Zhejiang: Hangzhou data was reported at 11,936.010 Person th in 12-01-2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 8,700.400 Person th for 12-01-2010. Population: Census: Zhejiang: Hangzhou data is updated decadal, averaging 8,700.400 Person th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 12-01-2020, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11,936.010 Person th in 12-01-2020 and a record low of 6,878.722 Person th in 12-01-2000. Population: Census: Zhejiang: Hangzhou data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Hangzhou Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GE: Population: Prefecture Level City: By Census.

Population: Shaanxi: Ankang: Ningshan data was reported at 68.947 Person th in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 69.313 Person th for 2022. Population: Shaanxi: Ankang: Ningshan data is updated yearly, averaging 74.020 Person th from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2023, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 80.000 Person th in 2005 and a record low of 68.947 Person th in 2023. Population: Shaanxi: Ankang: Ningshan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GJ: Population: County Level Region.

Population: Census: Hunan: Yiyang data was reported at 3,851.564 Person th in 12-01-2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4,313.084 Person th for 12-01-2010. Population: Census: Hunan: Yiyang data is updated decadal, averaging 4,309.143 Person th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 12-01-2020, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,313.084 Person th in 12-01-2010 and a record low of 3,851.564 Person th in 12-01-2020. Population: Census: Hunan: Yiyang data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Yiyang Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GE: Population: Prefecture Level City: By Census.

Population: Qinghai: Haixi: Tianjun data was reported at 23.256 Person th in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 23.046 Person th for 2018. Population: Qinghai: Haixi: Tianjun data is updated yearly, averaging 21.600 Person th from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2019, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23.256 Person th in 2019 and a record low of 18.000 Person th in 2004. Population: Qinghai: Haixi: Tianjun data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GJ: Population: County Level Region.

Population: Qinghai: Huangnan: Jianzha data was reported at 62.192 Person th in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 61.826 Person th for 2018. Population: Qinghai: Huangnan: Jianzha data is updated yearly, averaging 57.900 Person th from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2019, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 62.451 Person th in 2017 and a record low of 50.000 Person th in 2005. Population: Qinghai: Huangnan: Jianzha data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GJ: Population: County Level Region.

China Population: Education Level: City: Primary: Female data was reported at 51.402 Person th in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 50.810 Person th for 2022. China Population: Education Level: City: Primary: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 31.382 Person th from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2023, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 49,064.541 Person th in 2020 and a record low of 25.979 Person th in 2008. China Population: Education Level: City: Primary: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GA: Population: Sample Survey: Level of Education.

Population: Rural: Hunan: West Hunan: Jishou data was reported at 107.300 Person th in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 109.300 Person th for 2021. Population: Rural: Hunan: West Hunan: Jishou data is updated yearly, averaging 93.400 Person th from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2022, with 19 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 183.000 Person th in 2007 and a record low of 83.300 Person th in 2014. Population: Rural: Hunan: West Hunan: Jishou data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GJ: Population: Rural: County Level Region.