The netCDF (network Common Data Form) file format is increasingly used to store and manage multidimensional scientific data. Although netCDF files offer multiple advanced features and functionality in their own right, workflows that involve netCDF files can be intimidating for new users due to their binary format. There are several methods to manage netCDF file data including via libraries in programming languages such as Fortran or Python. However these methods require knowledge of the programming languages as a prerequisite. Other user-interface applications such as Panoply, NetCDF Explorer, or ArcGIS have functionality to access, view, and in some cases modify or create netCDF files. Another tool to manage netCDF files is the netCDF operators (NCO). NCO is a set of command line tools developed and maintained by the original creators of the netCDF file, the Unidata program at the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. As such NCO tools are highly optimized and flexible, allowing a myriad of netCDF workflows. This html-based tutorial aims to demystify basic functionalities and syntax of NCO commands that are useful for analysing netCDF scientific data. The tutorial contains multiple examples that focus on scientific data (e.g. climatic measurements or model output) analysis including code snippets, explanations, and figures. Specifically, part 1 covers basic concatenation and averaging of single and ensemble record variables using the ncrcat, ncecat, ncra, and ncea commands respectively. Part 2 builds on part 1 and focuses on basic and advanced uses of the weighted-averaging command ncwa. Examples of other common NCO commands including breif desctiptions on how to download or install the package, and tools for netCDF visualization are also included in the tutorial. Although the tutorial is not in depth, as it does not explicitly cover all the NCO commands nor all of their options, it is a good starting point as many other NCO commands follow similar syntax and conventions.

This data set contains the 4-km resolution all channel GOES-15 satellite data over the eastern Pacific Ocean region during the CSET (Cloud System Evolution in the Trades) project. The GOES-15 channels are visible (channel 1), near-IR (channel 2), water vapor (channel 3), thermal IR (channel 4), and 13 micron (channel 6). These data are in netCDF format and in daily tar files that contain all channels. These data were generated by NCAR/EOL (Earth Observing Laboratory).

This dataset includes the netCDF format data from the Mobile UMass W-band radar from the VORTEX2 project. There is a .log file for each tar.gz file with a description specific to that day's deployment. There is no .log file for the twelve minutes of data 20090519.

The Terra Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM) Version 3 (ASTGTM) provides a global digital elevation model (DEM) of land areas on Earth at a spatial resolution of 1 arc second (approximately 30 meter horizontal posting at the equator).The development of the ASTER GDEM data products is a collaborative effort between National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (METI). The ASTER GDEM data products are created by the Sensor Information Laboratory Corporation (SILC) in Tokyo. The ASTER GDEM Version 3 data product was created from the automated processing of the entire ASTER Level 1A archive of scenes acquired between March 1, 2000, and November 30, 2013. Stereo correlation was used to produce over one million individual scene based ASTER DEMs, to which cloud masking was applied. All cloud screened DEMs and non-cloud screened DEMs were stacked. Residual bad values and outliers were removed. In areas with limited data stacking, several existing reference DEMs were used to supplement ASTER data to correct for residual anomalies. Selected data were averaged to create final pixel values before partitioning the data into 1 degree latitude by 1 degree longitude tiles with a one pixel overlap. To correct elevation values of water body surfaces, the ASTER Global Water Bodies Database (ASTWBD) Version 1 data product was also generated. The geographic coverage of the ASTER GDEM extends from 83° North to 83° South. Each tile is distributed in both a Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) and NetCDF4 format through NASA Earthdata Search and in standard GeoTIFF format through the LP DAAC Data Pool. Data are projected on the 1984 World Geodetic System (WGS84)/1996 Earth Gravitational Model (EGM96) geoid. Each of the 22,912 tiles in the collection contain at least 0.01% land area. Provided in the ASTER GDEM product are layers for DEM and number of scenes (NUM). The NUM layer indicates the number of scenes that were processed for each pixel and the source of the data.While the ASTER GDEM Version 3 data products offer substantial improvements over Version 2, users are advised that the products still may contain anomalies and artifacts that will reduce its usability for certain applications. Known Issues ASTER GDEM Version 3 tiles overlap by one pixel to the north, south, east, and west of the tile perimeter. In most cases the overlapping edge pixels have identical pixel values, but it is possible that in some instances values will differ. * ASTER GDEM Version 3 is considered to be void free except for Greenland and Antarctica. Users are reminded that because there are known inaccuracies and artifacts in the dataset, to use the product with awareness of these limitations. The data are provided "as is" and neither NASA nor METI/Earth Resources Satellite Data Analysis Center (ERSDAC) will be responsible for any damages resulting from use of the data.Improvements/Changes from Previous Version Expansion of acquisition coverage to increase the amount of cloud free input scenes from about 1.5 million in Version 2 to about 1.88 million scenes in Version 3. Separation of rivers from lakes in the water body processing.* Minimum water body detection size decreased from 1 square kilometer (km²) to 0.2 km².

The twin satellites of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), launched in March of 2002, are making detailed monthly measurements of Earth's gravity field changes. These observations can detect regional mass changes of Earth's water reservoirs over land, ice and oceans. GRACE measures gravity variations by relating it to the distance variations between the two satellites, which fly in the same orbit, separated by about 240 km at an altitude of ~450 km. The monthly land mass grids contain terrestrial water storage anomalies (in aquifers, river basins, etc.) from GRACE time-variable gravity data relative to a time-mean. The storage anomalies are given in 'equivalent water thickness' (in NetCDF format). The time coverage for the monthly grids are determined by GRACE months. For the list of GRACE month dates visit http://grace.jpl.nasa.gov/data/grace-months/ . For information please visit http://grace.jpl.nasa.gov/data/get-data/monthly-mass-grids-land/ .

This dataset includes the netCDF data from the Mobile UMass XPOL radar during the VORTEX2 project. There may be multiple deployments in a single day tar file. When ordering, the user should be aware that some of these files are somewhat large, on the order of several hundred MBytes to 2 GB.

This dataset contains NetCDF-formatted GOES-8 Satellite data at 1 kilometer resolution. The data contain all 1KM channels (Visible, lat/lon fields). The data cover the period from 1 Sept - 23 Oct 2001 (2001d244-296).

This data set contains the 1-km visible channel GOES-13 satellite data over the central United States during the PECAN project. During PECAN GOES-13 was stationed at 75W. These data are in netCDF format and in daily tar files. These data were generated by NCAR/EOL.

The Terra Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Global Water Bodies Database (ASTWBD) Version 1 data product provides global coverage of water bodies larger than 0.2 square kilometers at a spatial resolution of 1 arc second (approximately 30 meters) at the equator, along with associated elevation information. The ASTWBD data product was created in conjunction with the ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (ASTER GDEM) Version 3 data product by the Sensor Information Laboratory Corporation (SILC) in Tokyo. The ASTER GDEM Version 3 data product was generated using ASTER Level 1A scenes acquired between March 1, 2000, and November 30, 2013. The ASTWBD data product was then generated to correct elevation values of water body surfaces.To generate the ASTWBD data product, water bodies were separated from land areas and then classified into three categories: ocean, river, or lake. Oceans and lakes have a flattened, constant elevation value. The effects of sea ice were manually removed from areas classified as oceans to better delineate ocean shorelines in high latitude areas. For lake water bodies, the elevation for each lake was calculated from the perimeter elevation data using the mosaic image that covers the entire area of the lake. Rivers presented a unique challenge given that their elevations gradually step down from upstream to downstream; therefore, visual inspection and other manual detection methods were required. The geographic coverage of the ASTWBD extends from 83°N to 83°S. Each tile is distributed in GeoTIFF format and referenced to the 1984 World Geodetic System (WGS84)/1996 Earth Gravitational Model (EGM96) geoid. Each data product is provided as a zipped file that contains an attribute file with the water body classification information and a DEM file, which provides elevation information in meters.

This dataset consists of satellite GOES-11 gzipped netCDF files from the period of the PASE (Pacific Atmospheric Sulfur Experiment) from Christmas Island in the Pacific.

The Terra Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM) Version 3 (ASTGTM) provides a global digital elevation model (DEM) of land areas on Earth at a spatial resolution of 1 arc second (approximately 30 meter horizontal posting at the equator).The development of the ASTER GDEM data products is a collaborative effort between National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (METI). The ASTER GDEM data products are created by the Sensor Information Laboratory Corporation (SILC) in Tokyo. The ASTER GDEM Version 3 data product was created from the automated processing of the entire ASTER Level 1A archive of scenes acquired between March 1, 2000, and November 30, 2013. Stereo correlation was used to produce over one million individual scene based ASTER DEMs, to which cloud masking was applied. All cloud screened DEMs and non-cloud screened DEMs were stacked. Residual bad values and outliers were removed. In areas with limited data stacking, several existing reference DEMs were used to supplement ASTER data to correct for residual anomalies. Selected data were averaged to create final pixel values before partitioning the data into 1 degree latitude by 1 degree longitude tiles with a one pixel overlap. To correct elevation values of water body surfaces, the ASTER Global Water Bodies Database (ASTWBD) Version 1 data product was also generated. The geographic coverage of the ASTER GDEM extends from 83° North to 83° South. Each tile is distributed in both a Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) and NetCDF4 format through NASA Earthdata Search and in standard GeoTIFF format through the LP DAAC Data Pool. Data are projected on the 1984 World Geodetic System (WGS84)/1996 Earth Gravitational Model (EGM96) geoid. Each of the 22,912 tiles in the collection contain at least 0.01% land area. Provided in the ASTER GDEM product are layers for DEM and number of scenes (NUM). The NUM layer indicates the number of scenes that were processed for each pixel and the source of the data.While the ASTER GDEM Version 3 data products offer substantial improvements over Version 2, users are advised that the products still may contain anomalies and artifacts that will reduce its usability for certain applications. Known Issues ASTER GDEM Version 3 tiles overlap by one pixel to the north, south, east, and west of the tile perimeter. In most cases the overlapping edge pixels have identical pixel values, but it is possible that in some instances values will differ. ASTER GDEM Version 3 is considered to be void free except for Greenland and Antarctica. Users are reminded that because there are known inaccuracies and artifacts in the dataset, to use the product with awareness of these limitations. The data are provided "as is" and neither NASA nor METI/Earth Resources Satellite Data Analysis Center (ERSDAC) will be responsible for any damages resulting from use of the data.Improvements/Changes from Previous Version Expansion of acquisition coverage to increase the amount of cloud free input scenes from about 1.5 million in Version 2 to about 1.88 million scenes in Version 3. Separation of rivers from lakes in the water body processing. Minimum water body detection size decreased from 1 square kilometer (km²) to 0.2 km².

This data set contains 2.5 km resolution Meteosat-7 visible (channel 1) satellite data over the DYNAMO region. Data are available at 30 minute intervals and are in the NetCDF file format. These data are the calibrated brightness values.

This data set includes airborne measurements obtained from the NCAR Research Aviation Facility (RAF) C130 aircraft (Tail Number: N130AR) during the Community Aerosol Inlet Evaluation Program - Phase II (CAINE-II) project. This dataset contains low rate navigation, state parameter, and microphysics flight-level data in NetCDF format.

The ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM) Version 3 (ASTGTM) provides a global digital elevation model (DEM) of land areas on Earth at a spatial resolution of 1 arc second (approximately 30 meter horizontal posting at the equator).The development of the ASTER GDEM data products is a collaborative effort between National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (METI). The ASTER GDEM data products are created by the Sensor Information Laboratory Corporation (SILC) in Tokyo. The ASTER GDEM Version 3 data product was created from the automated processing of the entire ASTER Level 1A (https://doi.org/10.5067/ASTER/AST_L1A.003) archive of scenes acquired between March 1, 2000, and November 30, 2013. Stereo correlation was used to produce over one million individual scene based ASTER DEMs, to which cloud masking was applied. All cloud screened DEMs and non-cloud screened DEMs were stacked. Residual bad values and outliers were removed. In areas with limited data stacking, several existing reference DEMs were used to supplement ASTER data to correct for residual anomalies. Selected data were averaged to create final pixel values before partitioning the data into 1 degree latitude by 1 degree longitude tiles with a one pixel overlap. To correct elevation values of water body surfaces, the ASTER Global Water Bodies Database (ASTWBD) (https://doi.org/10.5067/ASTER/ASTWBD.001) Version 1 data product was also generated. The geographic coverage of the ASTER GDEM extends from 83° North to 83° South. Each tile is distributed in NetCDF format and projected on the 1984 World Geodetic System (WGS84)/1996 Earth Gravitational Model (EGM96) geoid. Each of the 22,912 tiles in the collection contain at least 0.01% land area. Each ASTGTM_NC data product contains a DEM file, which provides elevation information. The corresponding ASTGTM_NUMNC file indicates the number of scenes that were processed for each pixel and the source of the data.While the ASTER GDEM Version 3 data products offer substantial improvements over Version 2, users are advised that the products still may contain anomalies and artifacts that will reduce its usability for certain applications. Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions • Expansion of acquisition coverage to increase the amount of cloud-free input scenes from about 1.5 million in Version 2 to about 1.88 million scenes in Version 3.• Separation of rivers from lakes in the water body processing. • Minimum water body detection size decreased from 1 km2 to 0.2 km2.

This data set includes airborne measurements obtained from the NCAR Research Aviation Facility (RAF) Electra aircraft (Tail Number: N308D) during the Tropical Cyclone Initiation Experiment (TEXMEX). This dataset contains low rate navigation, state parameter, and microphysics flight-level data in NetCDF format.

The Jason-1 Geophysical Data Records (GDR) contain full accuracy altimeter data to measure sea surface height, with a high precision orbit (accuracy ~1.5 cm). The instruments on Jason-1 make direct observations of the following quantities: altimeter range, significant wave height, ocean radar backscatter cross-section (a measure of wind speed), ionospheric electron content (derived by a simple formula), tropospheric water content, mean sea surface, and position relative to the GPS satellite constellation. The GDR contain all relevant corrections needed to calculate the sea surface height. Sea surface height anomalies calculation and recommended data edit criteria are specified in the Jason-1 GDR User Handbook at https://archive.podaac.earthdata.nasa.gov/podaac-ops-cumulus-docs/jason1/open/L2/gdr_netcdf_e/docs/Handbook_Jason-1_v5.1_April2016.pdf

This data set includes airborne measurements obtained from the NCAR Research Aviation Facility (RAF) King Air aircraft (Tail Number N312D) during the STORM-FEST project. This dataset contains high rate navigation, state parameter, and microphysics flight-level data in NetCDF format.

This data set contains 5 km resolution Meteosat-7 Infrared (channel 8) satellite data over the DYNAMO region. Data are available at 30 minute intervals and are in the NetCDF file format. These data are the calibrated temperature values.

This data set includes airborne measurements obtained from the NCAR Research Aviation Facility (RAF) Queen Air aircraft (Tail Number: N306D) during the Shelfbreak Front project. This dataset contains low rate navigation, state parameter, and microphysics flight-level data in NetCDF format.

This data set includes airborne measurements obtained from the NCAR Research Aviation Facility (RAF) Sabreliner aircraft (Tail Number: N307D) during the Lidar Cirrus Studies II (LCS-II) project. This dataset contains low rate navigation, state parameter, and microphysics flight-level data in NetCDF format.