People on low-incomes in the UK develop multiple long-term health conditions over 10 years earlier than affluent individuals. Financial diaries -new to public health- are used to explore the lived experiences of financially-vulnerable individuals, diagnosed with at least one long-term condition, living in two inner-city London Boroughs. Findings show that the health status of these individuals is a key barrier to work opportunities, undermining their income. Their precarious and uncertain financial situation, sometimes combined with housing issues, increased stress and anxiety which, in turn, contributed to further deteriorate participants’ health. Long-term health conditions limited the strategies to overcome moments of financial crisis and diarists frequently used credit to cope. Restrictions to access reliable services and timely support were connected to the progression of multiple long-term conditions. Models that integrate healthcare, public health, welfare and financial support are needed to slow down the progression from one to many long-term health conditions.

The use of borrowing by local authorities is highly regulated. Thus, the loan can only cover the financing of capital expenditure: rehabilitation works, new construction, purchase of furniture, equipment, etc. The community's own resources must make it possible to cover the repayment of loans. The deliberative assembly is responsible for borrowing. In order to have ‘active debt management’, i.e. to be able to take advantage of opportunities to renegotiate a loan, launch a consultation, make an early repayment, etc., without waiting for a deliberative meeting, this competence is delegated to the Vice-President in charge of Finance in Nantes Métropole. In terms of debt strategy, Nantes Métropole chose to use limited borrowing, diversify its loans in terms of lenders and rates, and not take out any structured loans. Risk classification of borrowings (so-called "Gissler Classification") : The charter of good conduct signed in 2009 aims to govern mutual relations between local authorities and banking institutions. It sets out a number of reciprocal commitments designed, in particular, to enable better control of risks. In this context, a risk matrix has been defined to allow a classification of products offered to local authorities. This classification has two dimensions: risk associated with the underlying index or indices, 1 being the minimum risk and 5 the maximum; Risk associated with the structure of the product, A being the minimum risk and E the maximum. | Underlying Indices| | Structures ---|---|---|--- 1| Eurozone Indices| A| Fixed rate exchange against floating rate or vice versa. Structured rate exchange against floating rate or fixed rate (single direction). Single floating rate capped (Cap) or framed (Tunnel) 2| French inflation indices or eurozone inflation or differences between these indices| B| Simple barrier. No leverage 3| Euro area index spread| C| Swaption 4| Non-euro area indices. Index spread, one of which is a non-euro area index| D| Multiplier up to 3; multiplier up to 5 capped 5| Non-euro area index spread| E| Multiplier up to 5 6| Indexing not permitted under the Charter (exchange rates, etc.)| F| Structures not permitted under the Charter (cumulative, multiplier > 5, etc.) * Outside the Charter

Point locations of Debt advice agencies including attributes information such as contact details and drop-in session times. Debt advice agencies offer advice and support to people facing difficulties with debt and other finacial problems. Most agencies provide this assistence in a number of ways, including drop-in sessions, pre-arranged appointments, telephone consultations and online information. Note that you may need to bring some paperwork or personal details to attend drop-in sessions. Call the agency for details.