This dataset provides a detailed view of global cancer trends across the 50 most populated countries. With 160,000 records, it encompasses a wide range of variables including cancer types, risk factors, healthcare expenditure, and environmental factors. The data is designed to assist researchers, healthcare policymakers, and data scientists in identifying patterns, predicting future trends, and crafting effective cancer control strategies.

Exploring County-Level Correlations in Cancer Rates and Trends

A Multivariate Ordinary Least Squares Regression Model

By Noah Rippner [source]

About this dataset

This dataset offers a unique opportunity to examine the pattern and trends of county-level cancer rates in the United States at the individual county level. Using data from cancer.gov and the US Census American Community Survey, this dataset allows us to gain insight into how age-adjusted death rate, average deaths per year, and recent trends vary between counties – along with other key metrics like average annual counts, met objectives of 45.5?, recent trends (2) in death rates, etc., captured within our deep multi-dimensional dataset. We are able to build linear regression models based on our data to determine correlations between variables that can help us better understand cancers prevalence levels across different counties over time - making it easier to target health initiatives and resources accurately when necessary or desired

More Datasets

For more datasets, click here.

Featured Notebooks

• 🚨 Your notebook can be here! 🚨!

How to use the dataset

This kaggle dataset provides county-level datasets from the US Census American Community Survey and cancer.gov for exploring correlations between county-level cancer rates, trends, and mortality statistics. This dataset contains records from all U.S counties concerning the age-adjusted death rate, average deaths per year, recent trend (2) in death rates, average annual count of cases detected within 5 years, and whether or not an objective of 45.5 (1) was met in the county associated with each row in the table.

To use this dataset to its fullest potential you need to understand how to perform simple descriptive analytics which includes calculating summary statistics such as mean, median or other numerical values; summarizing categorical variables using frequency tables; creating data visualizations such as charts and histograms; applying linear regression or other machine learning techniques such as support vector machines (SVMs), random forests or neural networks etc.; differentiating between supervised vs unsupervised learning techniques etc.; reviewing diagnostics tests to evaluate your models; interpreting your findings; hypothesizing possible reasons and patterns discovered during exploration made through data visualizations ; Communicating and conveying results found via effective presentation slides/documents etc.. Having this understanding will enable you apply different methods of analysis on this data set accurately ad effectively.

Once these concepts are understood you are ready start exploring this data set by first importing it into your visualization software either tableau public/ desktop version/Qlikview / SAS Analytical suite/Python notebooks for building predictive models by loading specified packages based on usage like Scikit Learn if Python is used among others depending on what tool is used . Secondly a brief description of the entire table's column structure has been provided above . Statistical operations can be carried out with simple queries after proper knowledge of basic SQL commands is attained just like queries using sub sets can also be performed with good command over selecting columns while specifying conditions applicable along with sorting operations being done based on specific attributes as required leading up towards writing python codes needed when parsing specific portion of data desired grouping / aggregating different categories before performing any kind of predictions / models can also activated create post joining few tables possible , when ever necessary once again varying across tools being used Thereby diving deep into analyzing available features determined randomly thus creating correlation matrices figures showing distribution relationships using correlation & covariance matrixes , thus making evaluations deducing informative facts since revealing trends identified through corresponding scatter plots from a given metric gathered from appropriate fields!

Research Ideas

• Building a predictive cancer incidence model based on county-level demographic data to identify high-risk areas and target public health interventions.
• Analyzing correlations between age-adjusted death rate, average annual count, and recent trends in order to develop more effective policy initiatives for cancer prevention and healthcare access.
• Utilizing the dataset to construct a machine learning algorithm that can predict county-level mortality rates based on socio-economic factors such as poverty levels and educational attainment rates

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset i...

This dataset contains real-world information about colorectal cancer cases from different countries. It includes patient demographics, lifestyle risks, medical history, cancer stage, treatment types, survival chances, and healthcare costs. The dataset follows global trends in colorectal cancer incidence, mortality, and prevention.

Use this dataset to build models for cancer prediction, survival analysis, healthcare cost estimation, and disease risk factors.

Dataset Structure Each row represents an individual case, and the columns include:

Patient_ID (Unique identifier) Country (Based on incidence distribution) Age (Following colorectal cancer age trends) Gender (M/F, considering men have 30-40% higher risk) Cancer_Stage (Localized, Regional, Metastatic) Tumor_Size_mm (Randomized within medical limits) Family_History (Yes/No) Smoking_History (Yes/No) Alcohol_Consumption (Yes/No) Obesity_BMI (Normal/Overweight/Obese) Diet_Risk (Low/Moderate/High) Physical_Activity (Low/Moderate/High) Diabetes (Yes/No) Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease (Yes/No) Genetic_Mutation (Yes/No) Screening_History (Regular/Irregular/Never) Early_Detection (Yes/No) Treatment_Type (Surgery/Chemotherapy/Radiotherapy/Combination) Survival_5_years (Yes/No) Mortality (Yes/No) Healthcare_Costs (Country-dependent, $25K-$100K+) Incidence_Rate_per_100K (Country-level prevalence) Mortality_Rate_per_100K (Country-level mortality) Urban_or_Rural (Urban/Rural) Economic_Classification (Developed/Developing) Healthcare_Access (Low/Moderate/High) Insurance_Status (Insured/Uninsured) Survival_Prediction (Yes/No, based on factors)

Cervical Cancer Risk Factors for Biopsy: This Dataset is Obtained from UCI Repository and kindly acknowledged! This file contains a List of Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer leading to a Biopsy Examination! About 11,000 new cases of invasive cervical cancer are diagnosed each year in the U.S. However, the number of new cervical cancer cases has been declining steadily over the past decades. Although it is the most preventable type of cancer, each year cervical cancer kills about 4,000 women in the U.S. and about 300,000 women worldwide. In the United States, cervical cancer mortality rates plunged by 74% from 1955 - 1992 thanks to increased screening and early detection with the Pap test. AGE Fifty percent of cervical cancer diagnoses occur in women ages 35 - 54, and about 20% occur in women over 65 years of age. The median age of diagnosis is 48 years. About 15% of women develop cervical cancer between the ages of 20 - 30. Cervical cancer is extremely rare in women younger than age 20. However, many young women become infected with multiple types of human papilloma virus, which then can increase their risk of getting cervical cancer in the future. Young women with early abnormal changes who do not have regular examinations are at high risk for localized cancer by the time they are age 40, and for invasive cancer by age 50. SOCIOECONOMIC AND ETHNIC FACTORS Although the rate of cervical cancer has declined among both Caucasian and African-American women over the past decades, it remains much more prevalent in African-Americans -- whose death rates are twice as high as Caucasian women. Hispanic American women have more than twice the risk of invasive cervical cancer as Caucasian women, also due to a lower rate of screening. These differences, however, are almost certainly due to social and economic differences. Numerous studies report that high poverty levels are linked with low screening rates. In addition, lack of health insurance, limited transportation, and language difficulties hinder a poor woman’s access to screening services. HIGH SEXUAL ACTIVITY Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the main risk factor for cervical cancer. In adults, the most important risk factor for HPV is sexual activity with an infected person. Women most at risk for cervical cancer are those with a history of multiple sexual partners, sexual intercourse at age 17 years or younger, or both. A woman who has never been sexually active has a very low risk for developing cervical cancer. Sexual activity with multiple partners increases the likelihood of many other sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis).Studies have found an association between chlamydia and cervical cancer risk, including the possibility that chlamydia may prolong HPV infection. FAMILY HISTORY Women have a higher risk of cervical cancer if they have a first-degree relative (mother, sister) who has had cervical cancer. USE OF ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES Studies have reported a strong association between cervical cancer and long-term use of oral contraception (OC). Women who take birth control pills for more than 5 - 10 years appear to have a much higher risk HPV infection (up to four times higher) than those who do not use OCs. (Women taking OCs for fewer than 5 years do not have a significantly higher risk.) The reasons for this risk from OC use are not entirely clear. Women who use OCs may be less likely to use a diaphragm, condoms, or other methods that offer some protection against sexual transmitted diseases, including HPV. Some research also suggests that the hormones in OCs might help the virus enter the genetic material of cervical cells. HAVING MANY CHILDREN Studies indicate that having many children increases the risk for developing cervical cancer, particularly in women infected with HPV. SMOKING Smoking is associated with a higher risk for precancerous changes (dysplasia) in the cervix and for progression to invasive cervical cancer, especially for women infected with HPV. IMMUNOSUPPRESSION Women with weak immune systems, (such as those with HIV / AIDS), are more susceptible to acquiring HPV. Immunocompromised patients are also at higher risk for having cervical precancer develop rapidly into invasive cancer. DIETHYLSTILBESTROL (DES) From 1938 - 1971, diethylstilbestrol (DES), an estrogen-related drug, was widely prescribed to pregnant women to help prevent miscarriages. The daughters of these women face a higher risk for cervical cancer. DES is no longer prsecribed.

In 2010, cancer deaths accounted for more than 15% of all deaths worldwide, and this fraction is estimated to rise in the coming years. Increased cancer mortality has been observed in immigrant populations, but a comprehensive analysis by country of birth has not been conducted. We followed all individuals living in Sweden between 1961 and 2009 (7,109,327 men and 6,958,714 women), and calculated crude cancer mortality rates and age-standardized rates (ASRs) using the world population for standardization. We observed a downward trend in all-site ASRs over the past two decades in men regardless of country of birth but no such trend was found in women. All-site cancer mortality increased with decreasing levels of education regardless of sex and country of birth (p for trend <0.001). We also compared cancer mortality rates among foreign-born (13.9%) and Sweden-born (86.1%) individuals and determined the effect of education level and sex estimated by mortality rate ratios (MRRs) using multivariable Poisson regression. All-site cancer mortality was slightly higher among foreign-born than Sweden-born men (MRR = 1.05, 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.07), but similar mortality risks was found among foreign-born and Sweden-born women. Men born in Angola, Laos, and Cambodia had the highest cancer mortality risk. Women born in all countries except Iceland, Denmark, and Mexico had a similar or smaller risk than women born in Sweden. Cancer-specific mortality analysis showed an increased risk for cervical and lung cancer in both sexes but a decreased risk for colon, breast, and prostate cancer mortality among foreign-born compared with Sweden-born individuals. Further studies are required to fully understand the causes of the observed inequalities in mortality across levels of education and countries of birth.

Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women and the second highest in terms of mortality rates.Diagnosis of breast cancer is performed when an abnormal lump is found (from self-examination or x-ray) or a tiny speck of calcium is seen (on an x-ray). After a suspicious lump is found, the doctor will conduct a diagnosis to determine whether it is cancerous and, if so, whether it has spread to other parts of the body. This breast cancer dataset was obtained from the University of Wisconsin Hospitals, Madison from Dr. William H. Wolberg.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the updated disease burden, risk factors, and temporal trends of liver cancer based on age, sex, and country. Methods: We estimated the incidence of liver cancer and its attribution to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in 2018 based on the Global Cancer Observatory and World Health Organization (WHO) Cancer Causes database. We extracted the prevalence of risk factors from the WHO Global Health Observatory to examine the associations by weighted linear regression. The trend analysis used data from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents and the WHO mortality database from 48 countries. Temporal patterns of incidence and mortality were calculated using average annual percent change (AAPC) by joinpoint regression analysis. Results: The global incidence of liver cancer was (age-standardized rate [ASR]) 9.3 per 100,000 population in 2018, and there was an evident disparity in the incidence related to HBV (ASR 0.2–41.2) and HCV (ASR 0.4–43.5). A higher HCV/HBV-related incidence ratio was associated with a higher level of alcohol consumption (β 0.49), overweight (β 0.51), obesity (β 0.64), elevated cholesterol (β 0.70), gross domestic product (β 0.20), and Human Development Index (HDI; β 0.45). An increasing trend in incidence was identified in many countries, especially for male individuals, population aged ≥50 years, and countries with a higher HCV/HBV-related liver cancer incidence ratio. Countries with the most drastic increase in male incidence were reported in India (AAPC 7.70), Ireland (AAPC 5.60), Sweden (AAPC 5.72), the UK (AAPC 5.59), and Norway (AAPC 4.87). Conclusion: We observed an overall increasing trend of liver cancer, especially among male subjects, older individuals, and countries with a higher prevalence of HCV-related liver cancer. More efforts are needed in enhancing lifestyle modifications and accessibility of antiviral treatment for these populations. Future studies should investigate the reasons behind these epidemiological changes.

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported that anal cancer incidence has increased in individual countries; however, age-specific trends were not examined in detail. This study describes pooled and country-specific anal cancer incidence trends by sex, age (all ages, <60 and 60+ years) and histological subtype (all subtypes, squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] and adenocarcinoma [ADC]).MethodsFive-year incidence and population-at-risk data were obtained from IARC’s Cancer Incidence in Five Continents for the years 1988–1992 to 2008–2012. The standardised rate ratios (SRRs) for 2008–2012 vs 1988–1992 and the 5-year average percent change (AvPC) during the period were used to assess changes in the age-standardised incidence rates.ResultsDuring the study period, there were significant increases in the incidence of SCC in both men and women of all age groups with significant increasing trend, and these increases were highest in those aged <60 years (SRR = 2.34 [95% CI:2.11–2.58] in men and SRR = 2.76 [95% CI:2.54–3.00] in women). By contrast, there were significant decreases in the incidence of ADC in men and women of all ages (SRR = 0.60 [95% CI:0.54–0.67]) and (SRR = 0.63 [95% CI:0.56–0.71], respectively), with similar decreases in those aged <60 years and 60+ years. These competing trends still resulted in significant increases in the overall incidence of anal cancer in men and women of all ages groups with significant increasing trend. The SRRs in men of all ages, <60 years and 60+ years were 1.35 (95% CI:1.28–1.42), 1.77 (95% CI:1.62–1.92) and 1.08 (95% CI:1.00–1.15), respectively. The corresponding SRRs in women were 1.75 (95% CI:1.67–1.83), 2.31 (95% CI:2.14–2.48) and 1.38 (95% CI 1.31–1.46), respectively.ConclusionIncreases in the incidence of anal SCC has driven an overall increase in anal cancer incidence; this may be associated with changing sexual behaviours and increasing levels of HPV exposure in younger cohorts. The findings further reinforce the importance of HPV vaccination.

Objective: While Hungary is often reported to have the highest incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer, until 2018 no nationwide epidemiology study was conducted to confirm these trends. The objective of this study was to estimate the occurrence of lung cancer in Hungary based on a retrospective review of the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) database.Methods: Our retrospective, longitudinal study included patients aged ≥20 years who were diagnosed with lung cancer (ICD-10 C34) between 1 Jan 2011 and 31 Dec 2016. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated using both the 1976 and 2013 European Standard Populations (ESP).Results: Between 2011 and 2016, 6,996 – 7,158 new lung cancer cases were recorded in the NHIF database annually, and 6,045 – 6,465 all-cause deaths occurred per year. Age-adjusted incidence rates were 115.7–101.6/100,000 person-years among men (ESP 1976: 84.7–72.6), showing a mean annual change of − 2.26% (p = 0.008). Incidence rates among women increased from 48.3 to 50.3/100,000 person-years (ESP 1976: 36.9–38.0), corresponding to a mean annual change of 1.23% (p = 0.028). Age-standardized mortality rates varied between 103.8 and 97.2/100,000 person-years (ESP 1976: 72.8–69.7) in men and between 38.3 and 42.7/100,000 person-years (ESP 1976: 27.8–29.3) in women.Conclusion: Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer in Hungary were found to be high compared to Western-European countries, but lower than those reported by previous publications. The incidence of lung cancer decreased in men, while there was an increase in incidence and mortality among female lung cancer patients.

Users can access data about cancer statistics, specifically incidence and mortality worldwide for the 27 major types of cancer. Background Cancer Mondial is maintained by the Section of Cancer Information (CIN) of International Agency for Research on Cancer by the World Health Organization. Users can access CIN databases including GLOBOCAN, CI5(Cancer Incidence in Five Continents), WHO, ACCIS(Automated Childhood Cancer Information System), ECO (European Cancer Observatory), NORDCAN and Survcan. User functionality Users can access a variety of databases. CIN Databases: GLOBOCAN provides acces s to the most recent estimates (for 2008) of the incidence of 27 major cancers and mortality from 27 major cancers worldwide. CI5 (Cancer Incidence in Five Continents) provides access to detailed information on the incidence of cancer recorded by cancer registries (regional or national) worldwide. WHO presents long time series of selected cancer mortality recorded in selected countries of the world. Collaborative projects: ACCIS (Automated Childhood Cancer Information System) provides access to data on cancer incidence and survival of children collected by European cancer registries. ECO (European Cancer Observatory) provides access to the estimates (for 2008) of the incidence of, and mortality f rom 25 major cancers in the countries of the European Union (EU-27). NORDCAN presents up-to-date long time series of cancer incidence, mortality, prevalence and survival from 40 cancers recorded by the Nordic countries. SurvCan presents cancer survival data from cancer registries in low and middle income regions of the world. Data Notes Data is available in different formats depending on which type of data is accessed. Some data is available in table, PDF, and html formats. Detailed information about the data is available.

BackgroundThe nationwide HUN-CANCER EPI study examined cancer incidence and mortality rates in Hungary from 2011 to 2019.MethodsUsing data from the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) and Hungarian Central Statistical Office (HCSO), our retrospective study analyzed newly diagnosed malignancies between Jan 1, 2011, and Dec 31, 2019. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated for all and for different tumor types using both the 1976 and 2013 European Standard Populations (ESP).FindingsThe number of newly diagnosed cancer cases decreased from 60,554 to 56,675 between 2011–2019. Age-standardized incidence rates were much lower in 2018, than previously estimated (475.5 vs. 580.5/100,000 person-years [PYs] in males and 383.6 vs. 438.5/100,000 PYs in females; ESP 1976). All-site cancer incidence showed a mean annual decrease of 1.9% (95% CI: 2.4%-1.4%) in men and 1.0% (95% CI:1.42%-0.66%) in women, parallel to mortality trends (-1.6% in males and -0.6% in females; ESP 2013). In 2018, the highest age-standardized incidence rates were found for lung (88.3), colorectal (82.2), and prostate cancer (62.3) in men, and breast (104.6), lung (47.7), and colorectal cancer (45.8) in women. The most significant decreases in incidence rates were observed for stomach (4.7%), laryngeal (4.4%), and gallbladder cancers (3.5%), with parallel decreases in mortality rates (3.9%, 2.7% and 3.2%, respectively).InterpretationWe found a lower incidence of newly diagnosed cancer cases for Hungary compared to previous estimates, and decreasing trends in cancer incidence and mortality, in line with global findings and the declining prevalence of smoking.

Lung Cancer Diagnostic Tests Market Outlook

The lung cancer diagnostic tests market size was valued at USD 2.5 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 6.1 billion by 2032, growing at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 10.5% during the forecast period. This substantial growth can be attributed to the rising prevalence of lung cancer globally, advancements in diagnostic technologies, and increasing awareness regarding early detection and treatment of lung cancer. The growing aging population and the high incidence of smoking, which is a leading cause of lung cancer, further propel the demand for diagnostic tests.

The increasing prevalence of lung cancer is one of the primary drivers of market growth. Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, necessitating the development of more accurate and early diagnostic methods. With advancements in medical technology, such as molecular diagnostics and non-invasive imaging techniques, the accuracy and efficiency of lung cancer diagnosis have significantly improved. These innovations not only enhance the detection rate but also facilitate personalized treatment plans, thereby improving patient outcomes.

Furthermore, government initiatives and funding for cancer research play a crucial role in market expansion. Many countries are investing heavily in cancer research, leading to the development of new diagnostic tools and techniques. For instance, organizations such as the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in the United States provide substantial grants for lung cancer research, fostering innovations in diagnostics. In addition, public awareness campaigns and screening programs conducted by healthcare organizations and governments encourage early diagnosis, which is vital for successful treatment and survival rates.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in diagnostic tools is another significant factor contributing to market growth. AI algorithms can analyze medical images with high precision, aiding radiologists in identifying lung cancer at earlier stages. Moreover, AI-driven software can evaluate large datasets from genetic and molecular tests, providing insights into the most effective treatment options based on individual patient profiles. This technological advancement not only enhances the accuracy of diagnostics but also reduces the time required for analysis, thereby increasing the efficiency of healthcare services.

The EGFR Mutation Test is a pivotal advancement in the realm of lung cancer diagnostics, offering a more personalized approach to treatment. This test specifically identifies mutations in the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) gene, which are often present in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. By detecting these mutations, healthcare providers can tailor therapies that target the specific genetic alterations, thereby improving treatment efficacy and patient outcomes. The growing adoption of EGFR Mutation Tests underscores the shift towards precision medicine, where treatments are increasingly customized based on individual genetic profiles. This approach not only enhances the effectiveness of therapies but also minimizes adverse effects, as treatments are more accurately aligned with the patient's unique genetic makeup.

Regionally, North America holds the largest share of the lung cancer diagnostic tests market, followed by Europe and Asia Pacific. The dominance of North America can be attributed to the presence of advanced healthcare infrastructure, high healthcare expenditure, and a robust research landscape. The Asia Pacific region, however, is expected to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period, driven by increasing healthcare investments, growing awareness about lung cancer, and rising incidences of the disease in countries like China and India. The growing middle-class population and improving healthcare access in these countries further support market growth.

Test Type Analysis

The lung cancer diagnostic tests market is segmented by test type into imaging tests, sputum cytology, tissue biopsy, molecular tests, and others. Imaging tests are one of the most commonly used diagnostic methods for lung cancer detection. Techniques such as X-rays, CT scans, and PET scans provide detailed visuals of the lungs, helping in identifying abnormal growths or tumors. The non-invasive nature of these tests and their ability to provide quick results make them a preferred choice among healthcare

Why cancer is so prevalent among mammals, despite the fact that some species evolved resistance mechanisms, remains an open question. We hypothesized that cancer prevalence and mortality risk might have been fine-tuned by evolution. Using public databases, we show that species with cooperative habits have lower cancer prevalence and mortality risk. By developing a mathematical model, we provide a mechanistic explanation: an oncogenic variant that elicits higher cancer mortality in older and less reproductive individuals is detrimental to cooperative mammalian societies but can lead to a counterintuitive overcompensation in population size and fitness within competitive contexts. The phenomenon of a population increasing in response to a decrease in its per capita survival rate is called the hydra effect, a process never explored in the field of cancer before. Therefore, cancer can be considered as a selected mechanism of biological obsolescence in competitive species. , See the following DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adw0685 (available on November 12, 2025) CMR, neoplasia and malignancy prevalence in mammalian species First dataset: Cancer Mortality Risk (CMR) was calculated for each species as the proportion of cancer-related deaths out of the total number of records, based on post-mortem pathological records (n=11,840). This information was sourced from Species360 and The Zoological Information Management System (ZIMS). The dataset initially included 191 species, but D. byrnei was removed due to its extremely high CMR, which was considered an outlier. This CMR data was gathered from mammals in zoos worldwide, providing high-resolution cause-of-death data. CMR was estimated from neoplastic samples that substantially contributed to the animal death, as confirmed by necropsies. The CMR estimated for each and every species included in this dataset is based on more than 20 necropsies per species (mean = 62). Second dataset: Prevalence of neoplasia was estimated as ..., # Data from: Coevolution of cooperative lifestyles and reduced cancer prevalence in mammals

Dataset DOI: 10.5061/dryad.xgxd254vh

Description of the data and file structure

Dataset1.csv

Cancer mortality risk (CMR) was calculated for each species as the proportion of cancer-related deaths among the total number of records, based on post-mortem pathological records (n = 11,840, Vincze et al., 2022). This information was sourced from Species360 and The Zoological Information Management System. The dataset initially included 191 species, but Dasyuroides byrnei was removed because of its extremely high CMR, which was considered an outlier. This CMR data were gathered from mammals in zoos worldwide, providing high-resolution cause-of-death data. CMR was estimated from neoplastic samples that substantially contributed to the animal death, as confirmed by necropsies. The CMR estimated for every species included in this dataset is based on more th...,

According to the World Cancer Report 2020 published by the World Health Organization's Institute for Research on Cancer (IARC), there will be 19.29 million new cancer cases and 9.96 million deaths globally in 2020, of which 4.569 million new cases and 3.003 million deaths will occur in China, accounting for 23.7% and 30.2% of the global new cases and deaths, respectively. Among them, China had 4.569 million new cancer cases and 3.003 million deaths, accounting for 23.7% and 30.2% of the global new cases and deaths respectively. China has become the largest country in the world in terms of new cancer cases and deaths.Nasopharyngeal cancer is a kind of malignant tumor with a very high clinical incidence rate, and it is at the top of the list of malignant tumors in otorhinolaryngology. Due to the deep and hidden nasopharyngeal part, the complex relationship with the surrounding area, and the differences in clinical manifestations, early diagnosis is very difficult, and it is very easy to miss the optimal time of treatment due to missed or misdiagnosis. Due to the unique anatomical location and tumor biological behavior of nasopharyngeal cancer, simultaneous radiotherapy has been the main treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer, followed by radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, surgery, and traditional Chinese medicine.Early tumor diagnosis refers to the use of rapid and easy methods to screen out a very small number of tumor high-risk groups from a large number of target populations that appear healthy and have not yet developed symptoms, which can detect tumors early and reduce the risk of morbidity, especially for cancer types with high morbidity and mortality rates and a long developmental cycle, such as lung, gastric, and colorectal cancers. From a global perspective, China's cancer incidence and mortality rates are at a high level, and there are multiple reasons for this phenomenon - medical technology needs to be improved, the quality of the living environment is poor, the routine of life is irregular, and living habits are poor. Compared with chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes, tumor is a "fatal disease" that requires early diagnosis and treatment, and the earlier the diagnosis, the greater the hope of cure. To integrate the data resources and results of early diagnosis of nasopharyngeal cancer and to promote related research, a literature review and information extraction analysis were carried out, and a biomarker-based early diagnosis database of nasopharyngeal cancer was constructed to assist the early diagnosis of nasopharyngeal cancer. The database covers the types of biomarkers, name, specificity, sensitivity, AUC, cell lines used, sample type, sample size, references, and their links. The database contains many types of biomarkers and is a powerful tool for early screening and diagnosis of nasopharyngeal cancer.

ObjectivesStomach cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death, and its epidemiologic characteristics are regionally heterogeneous worldwide. The BRICS nations (Brazil, Russian Federation, India, China, and South Africa) have markedly increasing influences on the international stage. We aim to investigate time trends in stomach cancer mortality among the BRICS countries from 1982 to 2021.MethodsData for this study were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 public dataset to investigate the deaths, all-age mortality rate, and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of stomach cancer. The age-period-cohort (APC) model was employed to estimate net drift, local drift, age-specific curves, and period (cohort) relative risks, and the Bayesian generalized linear model was employed to evaluate the relationship between food intake and mortality rate.ResultsIn 2021, there were approximately 572,000 stomach cancer deaths across the BRICS, accounting for 59.9% of global death. Russian Federation exhibited the most significant reduction in ASMR of stomach cancer among the BRICS. In contrast, China continued to report the highest number of stomach cancer deaths. The risk of mortality associated with stomach cancer exhibited a marked increase with advancing age, both within these countries and at the global level. PUFA, sodium, calcium and trans fat may have an impact on the mortality rate of stomach cancer. Favorable trends in period and birth cohort effects were observed in these five nations over the past decades.ConclusionBRICS countries have made varying progress in reducing stomach cancer mortality. Given the diverse environments, it is recommended to progressively develop customized stomach cancer prevention strategies, utilizing available resources. Healthcare services should be extended to all age groups, with a particular emphasis on vulnerable populations.

This dataset provides valuable insights into lung cancer cases, risk factors, smoking trends, and healthcare access across 25 of the world's most populated countries. It includes 220,632 individuals with details on their age, gender, smoking history, cancer diagnosis, environmental exposure, and survival rates. The dataset is useful for medical research, predictive modeling, and policy-making to understand lung cancer patterns globally.

Breast cancer is a worldwide threat to female health with patient outcomes varying widely. The exact correlation between global outcomes of breast cancer and the national socioeconomic status is still undetermined. Mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) of breast cancer was calculated with the contemporary age standardized incidence and mortality rates for countries with data available at GLOBOCAN 2012 database. The MIR matched national human development indexes (HDIs) and health system attainments were respectively obtained from Human Development Report and World Health Report. Correlation analysis, regression analysis, and Tukey-Kramer post hoc test were used to explore the effects of HDI and health system attainment on breast cancer MIR. Our results demonstrated that breast cancer MIR was inversely correlated with national HDI (r = -.950; P < .001) and health system attainment (r = -.898; P < .001). Countries with very high HDI had significantly lower MIRs than those with high, medium and low HDI (P < .001). Liner regression model by ordinary least squares also indicated negative effects of both HDI (adjusted R2 = .903, standardize β = -.699, P < .001) and health system attainment (adjusted R2 =. 805, standardized β = -.009; P < .001), with greater effects in developing countries identified by quantile regression analysis. It is noteworthy that significant health care disparities exist among countries in accordance with the discrepancy of HDI. Policies should be made in less developed countries, which are more likely to obtain worse outcomes in female breast cancer, that in order to improve their comprehensive economic strength and optimize their health system performance.

ABSTRACT Objective To determine and discuss cancer mortality rates in southern Brazil between 1988 and 2012. Methods This was a critical review of literature based on analysis of data concerning incidence and mortality of prostate cancer, breast cancer, bronchial and lung cancer, and uterine and ovarian cancer. Data were collected from the online database of the Brazil Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva. Results The southern Brazil is the leading region of cancer incidence and mortality. Data on the cancer profile of this population are scarce especially in the States of Santa Catarina and Paraná. We observed inconsistency between data from hospital registers and death recorded. Conclusion Both cancer incidence and the mortality are high in Brazil. In addition, Brazil has great numbers of registers and deaths for cancer compared to worldwide rates. Regional risk factors might explain the high cancer rates.

BackgroundLung cancer is a significant health concern in China. There is limited available data of its burden and trends. This study aims to evaluate the trends of lung cancer across different age groups and genders in China and the Group of Twenty (G20) countries, explore the risk factors, and predict the future trends over a 20-year period.MethodsThe data were obtained from the GBD study 2019. The number of cases, age standardized rate (ASR), and average annual percentage changes (AAPC) were used to estimate the trend in lung cancer by age, gender, region and risk factor. The trend of lung cancer was predicted by autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model by the “xtarimau” command. The joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to identify periods with the highest changes in incidence and mortality. Additionally, the relationship between AAPCs and socio-demographic index (SDI) was explored.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, both the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in China and G20 significantly increased, with China experiencing a higher rate of increase. The years with the highest increase in incidence of lung cancer in China were 1998-2004 and 2007-2010. Among the G20 countries, the AAPC in incidence and mortality of lung cancer in the Republic of Korea was the highest, followed closely by China. Although India exhibited similarities, its AAPC in lung cancer incidence and mortality rates was lower than that of China. The prediction showed that the incidence in China will continue to increase. In terms of risk factors, smoking was the leading attributable cause of mortality in all countries, followed by occupational risk and ambient particulate matter pollution. Notably, smoking in China exhibited the largest increase among the G20 countries, with ambient particulate matter pollution ranking second.ConclusionLung cancer is a serious public health concern in China, with smoking and environmental particulate pollution identified as the most important risk factors. The incidence and mortality rates are expected to continue to increase, which places higher demands on China’s lung cancer prevention and control strategies. It is urgent to tailor intervention measures targeting smoking and environmental pollution to contain the burden of lung cancer.

The relatively high incidence of cervical cancer in women at older ages is an issue in countries performing cervical screening for decades. Controversy remains on when and how to cease screening. Existing population-based studies on effectiveness of cervical screening at older ages have not considered women’s screening history. We performed a nationwide cohort study to investigate the incidence of cervical cancer after age 60 and its association with cervical screening at ages 61-65, stratified by screening history at ages 51-60. Using the Total Population Register, we identified women born between January 1919 and December 1945, resident in Sweden since age 51. According to the year that each county started the electronic record of cervical screening and women’s resident county, we further identified 569,132 women that have cervical screening record available since age 51. Women’s screening records, cervical cancer occurrence, and level of education were retrieved from the Swedish National Cervical Screening Registry, the National Cancer Register, and LISA (Longitudinal integration database for health insurance and labour market studies) respectively. We presented the cumulative incidence of cervical cancer from age 61-80 by using competing risk regression models, and compared the hazard ratio of cervical cancer by screening status at ages 61-65 from Cox models, adjusted for birth cohort and level of education, conditioning on screening history in their 50s. We find that Cervical screening at ages 61-65 is associated with a statistically significant reduction of subsequent cervical cancer risk for women unscreened, or screened with abnormalities, in their 50s. In women screened negative in their 50s, the risk for future cancer is not sizeable, and the risk reduction associated with continued screening appears limited. These findings should inform the current debate regarding age and criteria to discontinue cervical screening.

Purpose:

In order to provide evidence for age and criteria to discontinue cervical screening, we use this data to investigate the impact of cervical screening at ages 61-65 on cervical cancer incidence and stage at ages 61-80, stratifying by screening history at ages 51-60.

This data comprises women born between January 1919 and December 1945, resident in Sweden since age 51, and having cervical screening record available since age 51. It contains the following variables: - Seq_nr: sequence number indicating each individual woman, from 1 to 569,132. - Edu_cat: level of education in three categories: 1=low (less than high school); 2=high school; 3=university exam and above; .=missing. Data are retrieved from LISA (Longitudinal integration database for health insurance and labour market studies). - Birth_cat: five categories of birth-year: 1=1919-1925; 2=1926-1930; 3=1931-1935; 4=1936-1940; 5=1941-1945. - Scr_51_60: Screening history at ages 51-60, in five categories: 1=adequately screened, negative; 2=inadequately screened, negative; 3=unscreened; 4=having low-grade abnormality; 5=having high-grade abnormality. Data are retrieved from the Swedish National Cervical Screening Registry. - Age_first_scr_6165: age at having the first screening test at ages 61-65. (Missing value indicates there is no screening test at ages 61-65). Data are retrieved from the Swedish National Cervical Screening Registry. - Orgscr_county: If in the county that had more than 40% women being screened at ages 61-65: 0=no; 1=yes. - Age_entry: age when entering the cohort, which is 61 for all women. - Age_exit: age when the follow-up is finished. - Cx_fail: the event of finishing follow-up: 1=having cervical cancer; 2=competing events (death or having total hysterectomy); 3=censoring (emigration, turning age 81, or 2011-12-31). The information is retrieved from the Swedish National Cancer Registry (cervical cancer), Cause of Death Register (death), Patient Register (hysterectomy), and Migration Register (emigration). The dataset also includes three variables created by Swedish National Dataservice (SND-study, SND-dataset, SND-version).