Context

Life expectancy at birth is a key metric reflecting the average number of years a person can expect to live from birth, considering current mortality rates. Across the globe, life expectancy varies widely due to factors such as healthcare access, socio-economic conditions, and lifestyle choices. Developed nations often boast higher life expectancies, typically ranging from 75 to 85 years, owing to advanced healthcare systems and improved living standards. In contrast, developing nations often face shorter life expectancies, frequently falling below 70 years, largely due to inadequate healthcare infrastructure and prevailing socio-economic challenges. These disparities underscore the critical importance of global efforts to enhance healthcare access and address socio-economic inequalities.

Content

This dataset comprises historical information encompassing various indicators concerning Life Expectancy at Birth on a global scale. The dataset prominently features: ISO3, Country, Continent, Hemisphere, Human Development Groups, UNDP Developing Regions, HDI Rank (2021), and Life Expectancy at Birth from 1990 to 2021.

Dataset Glossary (Column-wise)

• ISO3 - ISO3 for the Country/Territory
• Country - Name of the Country/Territory
• Continent - Name of the Continent
• Hemisphere - Name of the Hemisphere
• Human Development Groups - Human Development Groups
• UNDP Developing Regions - UNDP Developing Regions
• HDI Rank (2021) - Human Development Index Rank for 2021
• Life Expectancy at Birth from 1990 - 2021 - Life Expectancy at Birth from year 1990 to 2021 (32 Columns.)

Data Dictionary

• UNDP Developing Regions:
  • SSA - Sub-Saharan Africa
  • LAC - Latin America and the Caribbean
  • EAP - East Asia and the Pacific
  • AS - Arab States
  • ECA - Europe and Central Asia
  • SA - South Asia

Structure of the Dataset

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Acknowledgement

This Dataset is created from Human Development Reports. This Dataset falls under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO License. You can check the Terms of Use of this Data. If you want to learn more, visit the Website.

Cover Photo by: Image by Freepik

Thumbnail by: Image by Quality of life icons created by Paul J. - Flaticon

This dataset is about countries per year in Middle Africa. It has 10 rows and is filtered where the date is 2021. It features 4 columns: country, ISO 2 country code, and life expectancy at birth.

Across the world, people are living longer. In 1900, the average life expectancy of a newborn was 32 years. By 2021 this had more than doubled to 71 years. But where, when, how, and why has this dramatic change occurred? To understand it, we can look at data on life expectancy worldwide. The large reduction in child mortality has played an important role in increasing life expectancy. But life expectancy has increased at all ages. Infants, children, adults, and the elderly are all less likely to die than in the past, and death is being delayed. This remarkable shift results from advances in medicine, public health, and living standards. Along with it, many predictions of the ‘limit’ of life expectancy have been broken.

Data Dictionary

life_expectancy.csv

life_expectancy_different_ages.csv

life_expectancy_female_male.csv

citation(tidytuesday)

Across the world, people are living longer.

In 1900, the average life expectancy of a newborn was 32 years. By 2021 this had more than doubled to 71 years.

But where, when, how, and why has this dramatic change occurred?

To understand it, we can look at data on life expectancy worldwide.

The large reduction in child mortality has played an important role in increasing life expectancy. But life expectancy has increased at all ages. Infants, children, adults, and the elderly are all less likely to die than in the past, and death is being delayed.

This remarkable shift results from advances in medicine, public health, and living standards. Along with it, many predictions of the ‘limit’ of life expectancy have been broken.

, you will find global data and research on life expectancy and related measures of longevity: the probability of death at a given age, the sex gap in life expectancy, lifespan inequality within countries, and more. Life expectancy has increased across the world In 2021, the global average life expectancy was just over 70 years. This is an astonishing fact – because just two hundred years ago, it was less than half.

This was the case for all world regions: in 1800, no region had a life expectancy higher than 40 years.

The average life expectancy has risen steadily and significantly across all regions.1

This extraordinary rise is the result of a wide range of advances in health – in nutrition, clean water, sanitation, neonatal healthcare, antibiotics, vaccines, and other technologies and public health efforts – and improvements in living standards, economic growth, and poverty reduction.

legacy-wordpress-upload Twice as long – life expectancy around the world Life expectancy has doubled over the last two centuries around the world. How has this happened?

📌### ******What you should know about this data****** Period life expectancy is a metric that summarizes death rates across all age groups in one particular year. For a given year, it represents the average lifespan for a hypothetical group of people, if they experienced the same age-specific death rates throughout their whole lives as the age-specific death rates seen in that particular year. This data is compiled from three sources: the United Nations’ World Population Prospects (UN WPP), Zijdeman et al. (2015)2, and Riley (2005)3. For data points before 1950, we use Human Mortality Database data4 combined with Zijdeman (2015). From 1950 onwards, we use UN WPP data. For pre-1950 data on world regions and the world as a whole, we use estimates from Riley (2005). Riley (2005)3 compiles life expectancy estimates from hundreds of historical sources and calculates the average of estimates that met an acceptable quality threshold, such as having estimates for entire nations or regions. Less historical data is available from the pre-health transition period in countries – this is especially the case for Africa, Asia, Oceania, and the former Soviet Union. Zijdeman et al. (2015)2 compiles data from various sources: the OECD.Stat database library, the United Nations World Population Prospects Database (UN WPP), the Human Mortality Database (HMD), the Montevideo-Oxford Latin American Economic History Database (MOxLAD), and Gapminder. In some cases, regional databases are used, such as Wrigley et al. (1997)5 for life expectancy in England in the 17th, 18th and early 19th centuries; the ONS for Australia; Kannisto et al. (1999)6 for Finland; and data from the Estonian Interuniversity Population Research Centre for Estonia. The UN WPP estimates life expectancy in various countries using data on mortality rates. In poorer countries, where death registration data is often lacking, the underlying data often comes from national household surveys, which are then used to estimate mortality rates and life expectancy.

📌## There are wide differences in life expectancy around the world In 2021, Nigeria's life expectancy was thirty years lower than Japan’s.

This striking fact reflects the wide differences in life expectancy between countries, which you can see on the map.

These wide differences are also reflected within countries. Countries with a lower average life expectancy also tend to have wider variations in lifespans.

📌**## Life expectancy has increased at all ages** It’s a common misconception that life expectancy has only increased because of declines in child mortality.

This is part of what happened. Child mortality used to be high and contributed significantly to short lifespans in the past, and it has declined greatly over time.

But, especially in recent decades, child mortality declines have contributed much less to increasing life expectancy8, and large declines in mortality are seen across all age groups.

You can see this in the chart. It shows the total life expectancy for people who have already survived to older ages.

F...

San Marino Life Expectancy at Birth data was reported at 80.880 Year in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 79.590 Year for 2020. San Marino Life Expectancy at Birth data is updated yearly, averaging 80.825 Year from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2021, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 82.990 Year in 2019 and a record low of 78.670 Year in 1990. San Marino Life Expectancy at Birth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s San Marino – Table SM.OECD.GGI: Social: Demography: Non OECD Member: Annual.

China Life Expectancy data was reported at 78.200 Year Old in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 77.930 Year Old for 2020. China Life Expectancy data is updated yearly, averaging 76.340 Year Old from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2021, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 78.200 Year Old in 2021 and a record low of 67.770 Year Old in 1981. China Life Expectancy data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GA: Population: Life Expectancy: By Region. According to the National Health Commission, from 2016 to 2017, the average life expectancy of residents per capita has increased from 76.5 to 76.7 years. For reference only. 根据国家卫生健康委员会，从2016年到2017年，居民人均预期寿命由76.5岁提高到76.7岁。以供參考。

this graph was created in OurDataWorld:

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F16731800%2F9f4d19e9175871ef598b4199e311e85d%2Fgraph1.png?generation=1715208322576301&alt=media" alt="">

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F16731800%2F0fd67986587ae3ac9dbcd42909d0622e%2Fgraph2.png?generation=1715208328870307&alt=media" alt="">

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F16731800%2F43d2f32ca42d068a0f59882b585a6c9c%2Fgraph3.png?generation=1715208345753461&alt=media" alt="">

But where, when, how, and why has this dramatic change occurred?

To understand it, we can look at data on life expectancy worldwide.

The large reduction in child mortality has played an important role in increasing life expectancy. But life expectancy has increased at all ages. Infants, children, adults, and the elderly are all less likely to die than in the past, and death is being delayed.

This remarkable shift results from advances in medicine, public health, and living standards. Along with it, many predictions of the ‘limit’ of life expectancy have been broken.

On this page, you will find global data and research on life expectancy and related measures of longevity: the probability of death at a given age, the sex gap in life expectancy, lifespan inequality within countries, and more.

In 2021, the global average life expectancy was just over 70 years. This is an astonishing fact – because just two hundred years ago, it was less than half.

This was the case for all world regions: in 1800, no region had a life expectancy higher than 40 years.

The average life expectancy has risen steadily and significantly across all regions.1

This extraordinary rise is the result of a wide range of advances in health – in nutrition, clean water, sanitation, neonatal healthcare, antibiotics, vaccines, and other technologies and public health efforts – and improvements in living standards, economic growth, and poverty reduction.

In this article, we cover this in more detail:

Life Expectancy at Birth: SF: Republic of Crimea data was reported at 72.760 Year in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 71.970 Year for 2022. Life Expectancy at Birth: SF: Republic of Crimea data is updated yearly, averaging 71.585 Year from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2023, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 72.760 Year in 2023 and a record low of 69.700 Year in 2021. Life Expectancy at Birth: SF: Republic of Crimea data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GD011: Life Expectancy at Birth: by Region.

Time series data for the statistic Life_Expectancy and country Iceland. Indicator Definition:Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.The statistic "Life Expectancy" stands at 82.61 years as of 12/31/2023. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes an increase of 0.594 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is 0.594.The 3 year change in percent is -0.5491.The 5 year change in percent is -0.3061.The 10 year change in percent is 0.6658.The Serie's long term average value is 78.39 years. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2023, is 5.38 percent higher, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/1963, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2023, is +13.09%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2021, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2023, is -0.672%.

Data is sourced from various health resources. Data is transformed into a BI format and quality assured. Data is consumed by a dashboard created in Power BI. Four reports exist for this dashboard:1. HIV Prevalence and TB Success RateHIV prevalence amongst women attending antenatal clinics in the Western Cape (2012-2015) by district and yearHIV prevalence amongst women attending antenatal clinics in the province (2012-2015) by province and yearTB Programme Success Rate (2013/14-2018/19) by TB Measure2. Births and Maternal MortalitiesNeonatal in facility (0-28 days) mortality rate (2015/16-2018/19); by years and neonatal death rate in facility and mortality rate by 1,000 live births Facility maternal mortality rate (2002, 2005, 2008, 2011, 2014); by triennia (3 years) deaths by 1,000 live births in WC (incl count of maternal deaths, count of live births, and infant maternal mortality ration)(Child (under 5) and Infant (under 1) mortality rate (2011, 2012, 2013); filter years, Infant/Child age band; Years, District, Births and Deaths by age bandDelivery rate in facility to women under 20 years (2013/14-2018/19); filter by financial year (FY); delivery rate by FY, delivery rate, numerator (births to women <20), denominator (total births)3. Deaths and Life ExpectancyLeading underlying causes of death in the Western Cape (2012-2016) by years and cause of deathYears of life lost (YLL) by cause of death in the WC (2012-2016) by years and YLL cause of deathAverage Life Expectency (LE) at birth (2006, 2011, 2016) by year, province, and gender4. Travel time to facilitiesTravel time taken to health facility by households with expenditure less than R1200-SA (2013-2018); by year, province, and travel time to health facilityTravel time taken to health facility by households with expenditure less than R1200-WC (2013-2018); by year, province, population group, and travel time to health facilityPublication Date2 September 2021LineageData from various sources transformed to a BI format and used to develop dynamic Power BI dashboards reflecting Outcome Indicators: HIV prevalence amongst women attending antenatal clinics in the provinceAll DS-TB (drug-susceptible tuberculosis) client treatment success rateNeonatal in facility (0-28 days) mortality rateFacility maternal mortality rateDelivery rate in facility to women under 20 yearsLife Expectancy (LE)Leading underlying causes of death in the Western CapeTravel time taken to health facility by households with expenditure less than R1200 (SA and WC)Data Source2019 National Antenatal Sentinel HIV Survey, National Department of Health 2021;Annual report 2014/15-2020/21, DOH;District Health Information Systems;Mid-year population estimates, Stats SA; Life Expectancy Stats SA calculations;Mortality and Causes of Death in South Africa 2018, June 2021, Stats SA

Context The World Happiness Report is a landmark survey of the state of global happiness . The report continues to gain global recognition as governments, organizations and civil society increasingly use happiness indicators to inform their policy-making decisions. Leading experts across fields – economics, psychology, survey analysis, national statistics, health, public policy and more – describe how measurements of well-being can be used effectively to assess the progress of nations. The reports review the state of happiness in the world today and show how the new science of happiness explains personal and national variations in happiness.

Content The happiness scores and rankings use data from the Gallup World Poll . The columns following the happiness score estimate the extent to which each of six factors – economic production, social support, life expectancy, freedom, absence of corruption, and generosity – contribute to making life evaluations higher in each country than they are in Dystopia, a hypothetical country that has values equal to the world’s lowest national averages for each of the six factors. They have no impact on the total score reported for each country, but they do explain why some countries rank higher than others.

Happiness score or subjective well-being (variable name ladder ): The survey measure of SWB is from the Dec 22, 2017 release of the Gallup World Poll (GWP), which covers the years from 2005 to 2017. Unless stated otherwise, it is the national average response to the question of life evaluations. The English wording of the question is “Please imagine a ladder, with steps numbered from 0 at the bottom to 10 at the top. The top of the ladder represents the best possible life for you and the bottom of the ladder represents the worst possible life for you. On which step of the ladder would you say you personally feel you stand at this time?” This measure is also referred to as Cantril life ladder, or just life ladder in our analysis.

About the dataset "data_africa_europe" This dataset was created specifically for this work. The data are for Sub-Saharan African countries and Northern European countries only. You will find 2 columns 'Median age' and 'Median Life Ladder' which are the medians calculated from the data_from_2007 for the columns 'Life Ladder' and 'Healthy life expectancy at birth' for the concerned countries.

You will also find two other columns that have been added: 'Population' and 'Fertility rate'. These data come from different sources on the Internet. They have been checked several times for their veracity. Some data are from 2020 and some from 2021 for Fertility rate.

For the number of population, I used the year 2021.

Context

The World Happiness Report may be a point of interest survey of the state of worldwide bliss. The primary report was distributed in 2012, the second in 2013, the third in 2015, and the fourth within the 2016 Upgrade. The World Joy 2017, which positions 155 nations by their bliss levels, was discharged at the Joined together Countries at an occasion celebrating Universal Day of Joy on Walk 20th. The report proceeds to pick up worldwide acknowledgment as governments, organizations and respectful society progressively utilize joy pointers to educate their policy-making choices. Driving specialists over areas – financial matters, brain research, overview investigation, national insights, wellbeing, open approach and more – depict how estimations of well-being can be used effectively to evaluate the advance of countries. The reports survey the state of bliss within the world nowadays and appear how the modern science of bliss clarifies individual and national varieties in bliss.

Content

The joy scores and rankings utilize information from the Gallup World Survey. The scores are based on answers to the most life evaluation address inquired within the survey. This address, known as the Cantril step, asks respondents to think of a step with the most excellent conceivable life for them being a 10 and the most exceedingly bad conceivable life being a and to rate their claim current lives on that scale. The scores are from broadly agent tests for the a long time 2013-2016 and utilize the Gallup weights to create the gauges agent. The columns taking after the bliss score assess the degree to which each of six variables – financial generation, social back, life anticipation, flexibility, nonattendance of debasement, and liberality – contribute to making life assessments higher in each nation than they are in Dystopia, a theoretical nation that has values rise to to the world’s least national midpoints for each of the six variables. They have no affect on the full score detailed for each nation, but they do exp

This file contains the Happiness Score for 153 countries along with the factors used to explain the score.

The Happiness Score is a national average of the responses to the main life evaluation question asked in the Gallup World Poll (GWP), which uses the Cantril Ladder.

The Happiness Score is explained by the following factors:

GDP per capita Healthy Life Expectancy Social support Freedom to make life choices Generosity Corruption Perception Residual error The data is described in much more detail here: link

Acknowledgements

I did not create this data, only sourced it. The credit goes to the original Authors:

Editors: John Helliwell, Richard Layard, Jeffrey D. Sachs, and Jan Emmanuel De Neve, Co-Editors; Lara Aknin, Haifang Huang and Shun Wang, Associate Editors; and Sharon Paculor, Production Editor

Citation: Helliwell, John F., Richard Layard, Jeffrey Sachs, and Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, eds. 2020. World Happiness Report 2020. New York: Sustainable Development Solutions Network

Life Expectancy at Birth: Female: SF: Republic of Crimea data was reported at 77.960 Year in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 76.990 Year for 2022. Life Expectancy at Birth: Female: SF: Republic of Crimea data is updated yearly, averaging 76.335 Year from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2023, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 77.960 Year in 2023 and a record low of 73.960 Year in 2021. Life Expectancy at Birth: Female: SF: Republic of Crimea data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GD011: Life Expectancy at Birth: by Region.

Life Expectancy: Female data was reported at 79.668 Year in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 78.950 Year for 2022. Life Expectancy: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 78.200 Year from Sep 2001 (Median) to 2023, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 80.460 Year in 2021 and a record low of 72.833 Year in 2001. Life Expectancy: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Socio and Demographic – Table BR.GAE001: Life Expectancy.

Depression and anxiety symptomology among adults aged 35 years and older by sociodemographic characteristics in Wakiso district in Uganda (n = 604).

Life Expectancy at Birth: Female: UF: Tumen Region: Tumen Region excl Areas data was reported at 79.850 Year in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 78.700 Year for 2022. Life Expectancy at Birth: Female: UF: Tumen Region: Tumen Region excl Areas data is updated yearly, averaging 76.510 Year from Dec 2011 (Median) to 2023, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 79.850 Year in 2023 and a record low of 74.880 Year in 2021. Life Expectancy at Birth: Female: UF: Tumen Region: Tumen Region excl Areas data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GD011: Life Expectancy at Birth: by Region.

Brazil Life Expectancy: Male data was reported at 73.139 Year in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 71.955 Year for 2022. Brazil Life Expectancy: Male data is updated yearly, averaging 70.900 Year from Sep 2001 (Median) to 2023, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 73.500 Year in 2021 and a record low of 64.999 Year in 2001. Brazil Life Expectancy: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Socio and Demographic – Table BR.GAE001: Life Expectancy.

Australia Life Expectancy at Birth: Female data was reported at 85.100 Year in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 85.300 Year for 2022. Australia Life Expectancy at Birth: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 80.400 Year from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2023, with 64 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 85.400 Year in 2021 and a record low of 74.000 Year in 1960. Australia Life Expectancy at Birth: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Australia – Table AU.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.;(1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision; (2) Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices; (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics.;Weighted average;

Barbados BB: Life Expectancy at Birth: Female data was reported at 78.615 Year in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 78.274 Year for 2022. Barbados BB: Life Expectancy at Birth: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 75.978 Year from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2023, with 64 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 78.720 Year in 2021 and a record low of 65.451 Year in 1960. Barbados BB: Life Expectancy at Birth: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Barbados – Table BB.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.;(1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision; (2) Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices; (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics.;Weighted average;