Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a map that shows the distribution of the Canadian population, circa 1951. Population sizes are indicated on the map by representative units of 50 or 1000. In southern Canada, the population of the 15 metropolitan areas and urban centres of 25 000 inhabitants and over is shown by a disc, the area of which is proportional to its population. The scale ranges from metropolitan Montreal (1 395 400 inhabitants) to Glace Bay (25 586 inhabitants). There are still very small populations in northern Canada, but there are clusters within Capital cities, and a even larger concentration south, near the U.S. border, in particular along ocean or inland coastlines. The congregation near or on the coastline of water indicate the influence of industry, natural resources and trade. Two graphs accompany this map. The first graph shows the numerical distribution of population for 1951 by Canada, the provinces and the territories. The second graph shows the percentage distribution of population for 1951 by province and territory.

Census data reveals that population density varies noticeably from area to area. Small area census data do a better job depicting where the crowded neighborhoods are. In this map, the yellow areas of highest density range from 30,000 to 150,000 persons per square kilometer. In those areas, if the people were spread out evenly across the area, there would be just 4 to 9 meters between them. Very high density areas exceed 7,000 persons per square kilometer. High density areas exceed 5,200 persons per square kilometer. The last categories break at 3,330 persons per square kilometer, and 1,500 persons per square kilometer.This dataset is comprised of multiple sources. All of the demographic data are from Michael Bauer Research with the exception of the following countries:Australia: Esri Australia and MapData ServicesCanada: Esri Canada and EnvironicsFrance: Esri FranceGermany: Esri Germany and NexigaIndia: Esri India and IndicusJapan: Esri JapanSouth Korea: Esri Korea and OPENmateSpain: Esri España and AISUnited States: Esri Demographics

This table presents the 2021 population counts for census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, and their population centres and rural areas.

A population ecumene is the area of inhabited lands or settled areas generally delimited by a minimum population density. Two population data sets from the 2016 Census of Population were used to build two specialized ecumene maps. The census division ecumene was built from dissemination area population density data and the census subdivision ecumene was built from the dissemination block population density data. For information on census divisions, census subdivisions, dissemination areas, and dissemination blocks consult the Statistics Canada’s 2016 Illustrated Glossary (see below under Data Resources). Areas included in the ecumene (for either the census division or census subdivision) are areas where the population density is greater than or equal to 0.4 persons per square kilometre or about 1 person per square mile. In some areas to capture more population within the ecumene the criteria was extended to 0.2 persons per square kilometre. The ecumene areas were generalized in certain regions either to enhance the size of some isolated ecumene areas or to remove small internal uninhabited areas within the ecumene. Either of these ecumene resources can be used as an “ecumene” map overlay to differentiate the sparsely populated areas from the ecumene in conjunction with the appropriate census geography or other small-scale and large-scale maps.

A population ecumene is the area of inhabited lands or settled areas generally delimited by a minimum population density. This ecumene shows the areas of the densest and most extended population within census divisions. Census divisions are the provincially legislated areas (such as county, municipalité régionale de comté, and regional district) or their equivalents. Census divisions are intermediate geographic areas between the province or territory level and the municipality (census subdivision). For further information, consult the Statistics Canada’s 2016 Illustrated Glossary (see below under Data Resources). The assemblage of dissemination area population density data from the 2016 Census of Population are used to form the ecumene within census divisions. Areas included in the ecumene are dissemination areas where the population density is greater than or equal to 0.4 persons per square kilometre or about one person per square mile. In some areas to capture more population within the ecumene the criteria was extended to 0.2 persons per square kilometre. The ecumene areas were generalized in certain areas to enhance the size of some isolated ecumene areas in northern Canada. This map can be used as an “ecumene” overlay to differentiate the sparsely populated areas from the ecumene in conjunction with census division data or other small-scale maps. This ecumene shows a more meaningful distribution of the population for Canada.

Contained within the 3rd Edition (1957) of the Atlas of Canada is a plate consisting of four condensed maps that show urban populations of the people living in Canada. The two maps at the top of this plate show the night-time distribution of population, circa 1956 for Metropolitan Toronto and part of Montreal Island. These two maps actually show the distribution of persons in their permanent homes, without adjustments for such persons that may be absent from their homes at night. Persons in short term, transient residence, such as those in hotels and hospitals are not represented. Another map shows the distribution of urban population across Canada, circa 1951. The definition of urban includes all persons residing in cities, towns and villages of 1000 population or more, whether incorporated or unincorporated, as well as the population of all parts of the census metropolitan areas. A smaller scale map of Canada shows urban areas. These are areas in which urban communities of 1000 or more population are 15 or fewer miles apart.

SABAL - Small Area Business and Labour Data is a compendium of independent data sources brought together in one database by Statistics Canada. As a compendium, it is not a fully integrated system, therefore, dates and geographic areas covered vary between data sets selected. SABAL combines a wide variety of economic and social statistics, and provides coverage of approximately 140 urban areas and 72 economic regions, in addition to Canada, the Provinces and Territories. Some data are not available at all geographic levels. SABAL also includes metadata on each of these data sources. The business sources included are: Business Small Area File (based on Revenue Canada administrative data), Retail Trade, Building Permits, Housing Starts from CMHC, Survey of Manufacturing, Motor Vehicle Registrations, Business Counts, Consumer Price Index, and Tourism. The social sources included are: Census of Population, Small Area Administrative Data (Taxfiler Data), Labour Force Survey, Household Facilities and Equipment Survey, Education, Training, Justice, Population Projections, Family Expenditures, and Consumer Finances Survey.

This table shows the percentage of Canadian households in large, medium, and small population centres, as well as in rural areas, that can access 25 Mbps broadband services in each province and territory. Small population centres are considered to have populations of between 1,000 and 29, 000. Medium population centres are considered to have populations of between 30,000 and 99,999. Large population centres are considered to have populations greater than 100,000. Rural areas have populations of less than 1,000 or fewer than 400 people per square kilometre.

Broadband availability includes services delivered through fixed wireless technology. Actual availability may be restricted by capacity limitations in the network, topography and interference from structures and vegetation. As such, the figures should be considered a best possible availability estimate.

Satellite services are excluded since they have a national footprint.

CANUE staff developed the Green Roads data set by combining street network files from Open Street Map 9OSM) (downloaded Nov 29, 2020) and annual average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data from LandSat 8 circa 2016 from Google Earth Engine. OSM roads categorized as primary, secondary, tertiary, tertiary link, residential, unclassified and unknown were extracted from OSM, combined into a single file and clipped to urban areas. Urban areas were defined as all dissemination blocks classified as small population centres (population 1,000 to 29,999), medium population centres (population 30,000 to 99,999) or large population centres (population 100,000 or greater) in the 2016 Census. The urban roads layer was used to extract all LandSat 8 pixels with NDVI data (30m resolution). All extracted pixels with an NDVI value of 0.3 or greater, indicating green vegetation, were converted into points. Finally, the total number or points and the average NDVI value was calculated within buffers of 250m, 500m, 750m and 1000m of DMTI single-link postal codes from 2016.

The smallest marine mammals in North America, sea otters occupy chilly coastal waters in the central and north Pacific Ocean. Averaging 1.2 metres in length, male sea otters typically weigh about 45 kilograms. Females are slightly smaller. Otters have large, flat heads, large teeth to crush shells, and blunt noses with long, stiff whiskers. The animals have black eyes, very small ears, and a short, stout tail. Their front legs are small and fairly weak; their rear legs are also small, but much stronger as they're used for paddling. The otters' thick fur varies in colour from rust to dark brown to black, and is lighter on the head, throat and chest. Female sea otters mature at five to six years of age, and bear a single pup—very occasionally two—at one or two year intervals. Pups are usually born in the water. Sea otters favour shallow, coastal waters, seldom ranging more than one or two kilometres from shore. All otters, particularly mothers with pups, seem to prefer areas with kelp canopies, but seaweed is not an essential habitat requirement. Habitat use varies with weather and marine conditions. Otters have been known to move offshore during extended periods of calm, and congregate in sheltered, inshore areas during storms. Once extinct from Canada, the sea otter has successfully been reintroduced to British Columbia. The otters mainly live off Vancouver Island, but can also be seen near Goose Island.

This table provides statistics on Family Composition, Family Income, Housing Mobility, Language, Immigration, Educational Attainment, Household and Dwelling Characteristics for selected indicators. This indicator dataset contains information at both Local Geographic Area (for example, Lacombe, Red Deer - North, Calgary - West Bow, etc.) and Alberta levels. Local geographic area refers to 132 geographic areas created by Alberta Health (AH) and Alberta Health Services (AHS) based on census boundaries. The Federal Census (2016) and National Household Survey (2016) information is custom extracted by Statistics Canada at the local geographic area level. The population of these areas varies from very small in rural areas to large in metropolitan centers. This table is the part of "Alberta Health Primary Health Care - Community Profiles" report published March 2019.

This table contains mortality indicators by sex for Canada and all provinces except Prince Edward Island. These indicators are derived from the single-year complete life tables. Mortality indicators derived from three-year life tables are also available (table 13-10-0114). For Prince Edward Island, Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, the population sizes are too small to allow the calculation of single-years life tables with sufficient accuracy, but mortality indicators derived from three-year abridged life tables are available (table 13-10-0140).

This dataset includes Statistics Canada table 46-10-0045-01, titled “Housing characteristics, by tenure including first-time homebuyer status”. The table includes information on selected housing characteristics (difficulty meeting financial needs, visible minority status, household type, age group, and employment status) housing by tenure. The tenure category of 'owner' is split up into first-time home buyers and owner who is not a first-time home buyer. The table has been edited to include only geographies from British Columbia. The table is available in CSV and Excel Workbook format. Definitions and notes are included at the bottom of the spreadsheet. This data set was collected as part of the Canadian Housing Survey by Statistics Canada. Geographies: British Columbia, Large urban population centres in British Columbia, Medium population centres in British Columbia, Small population centres in British Columbia, Rural areas in British Columbia, Vancouver CMA, Other census metropolitan areas in British Columbia, Census agglomerations in British Columbia

Barrow’s Goldeneye (Bucephala islandica) is a relatively rare species in the Canadian Atlantic Provinces. Small numbers of birds during moulting and staging periods consistently occur in all four provinces. The Eastern population of Barrow's Goldeneye in North America was assessed in 2000 by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) as a species of special concern and was listed as such in Schedule 1 of the Species at Risk Act (SARA) in 2003. The range limits of the eastern population of Barrow’s Goldeneye are still unknown. Small numbers of this population winter in eastern North America, approximately 400 in the Atlantic Provinces and Maine. Based on this information, the wintering population of Barrow's Goldeneye in eastern Northern America is estimated at about 4500 individuals or 1400 pairs (30% of birds are adult females). Specific population trends are unknown but it is believed that the eastern population of the species declined during the 20th Century and that it may still be declining. These almost entirely ground-based surveys and incidental records were designed to track occurrences of Barrow's Goldeneye and identify important migration, staging and wintering areas in Atlantic Canada. Due to its relative smaller population, the eastern population of Barrow’s Goldeneye is more vulnerable to hunting, both intentional and unintentional, when compared to its western counterpart. The number of birds harvested each fall is low but the small continuous harvest could have significant impact on this population. Incompatible forest exploitation practices constitute threats to the species’ breeding habitats. These include the destruction of nests, reduction of the number of potential nesting sites and exposure of young to increased predation and disturbance. During non-breeding, chronic and catastrophic oil spills constitute potential threats to the Barrow’s Goldeneye in coastal areas, especially along the St. Lawrence migration corridor in late fall, winter and early spring. Sediment contamination at wintering areas (and contamination of prey base) may also affect the health of birds along the corridor. Barrow’s Goldeneye has a similar world-wide distribution to Harlequin Duck, suggesting that both species may have shared glaciation refugia, providing an ongoing example of speciation. Eastern Populations are isolated from western ones and also likely isolated from the Icelandic population. The eastern population of Barrow’s Goldeneye is thus important from a conservation point of view since it probably diverges genetically from other populations; and the long-term conservation of species likely depends upon the protection of genetically distinct population (Lesica and Allendorf, 1995). This dataset represents a compilation of surveys across the Atlantic Region between 1981 and 2010. Surveys were conducted as point counts from fixed locations, and Barrow's Goldeneye along with other species of waterfowl were recorded at each location.

This dataset includes Statistics Canada table 46-10-0043-01, titled “Housing suitability and dwelling condition, by tenure including social and affordable housing”. The table includes information on dwelling condition and suitability by tenure. The tenure category of 'renter' is split up into "renter not in social and affordable housing" and "renter in social and affordable housing". The table has been edited to include only geographies from British Columbia. The table is available in CSV and Excel Workbook format. Definitions and notes are included at the bottom of the spreadsheet. This data set was collected as part of the Canadian Housing Survey by Statistics Canada. Geographies: British Columbia, Large urban population centres, British Columbia, Medium population centres, British Columbia, Small population centres, British Columbia, Rural areas, British Columbia, Vancouver, Census Metropolitan Area, Other census metropolitan areas, British Columbia, Census agglomerations, British Columbia

This dataset includes Statistics Canada table 46-10-0024-01, titled “Dwelling and neighbourhood satisfaction, by tenure including social and affordable housing and structural type of dwelling”. The table includes information on satisfaction with housing by tenure, condominium status, and structural type of dwelling. One of the tenure categories is renters in social and affordable housing. The table has been edited to include only geographies from British Columbia. The table is available in CSV and Excel Workbook format. Definitions and notes are included at the bottom of the spreadsheet. This data set was collected as part of the Canadian Housing Survey by Statistics Canada. Geographies: British Columbia, Large urban population centres, British Columbia, Medium population centres, British Columbia, Small population centres, British Columbia, Rural areas, British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Other census metropolitan areas, British Columbia, Census agglomerations, British Columbia

In 1991, the National Task Force on Health Information cited a number of issues and problems with the health information system. To respond to these issues, the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI), Statistics Canada and Health Canada joined forces to create a Health Information Roadmap. From this mandate, the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) was conceived. The CCHS is a cross-sectional survey that collects information related to health status, health care utilization and health determinants for the Canadian population. The survey is offered in both official languages. It relies upon a large sample of respondents and is designed to provide reliable estimates at the health region level every 2 years. The CCHS has the following objectives: - Support health surveillance programs by providing health data at the national, provincial and intra-provincial levels; - Provide a single data source for health research on small populations and rare characteristics; - Timely release of information easily accessible to a diverse community of users; - Create a flexible survey instrument that includes a rapid response option to address emerging issues related to the health of the population. The CCHS produces an annual microdata file and a file combining two years of data. The CCHS collection years with both consistent design and consistent population representation can also be combined by users to examine populations or rare characteristics. The primary use of the CCHS data is for health surveillance and population health research. Federal and provincial departments of health and human resources, social service agencies, and other types of government agencies use the information collected from respondents to monitor, plan, implement and evaluate programs to improve the health of Canadians. Researchers from various fields use the information to conduct research to improve health. Non-profit health organizations and the media use the CCHS results to raise awareness about health, an issue of concern to all Canadians. The survey began collecting data in 2001 and was repeated every two years until 2005. Starting in 2007, data for the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) were collected annually instead of every two years. While a sample of approximately 130,000 respondents were interviewed during the reference periods of 2001, 2003 and 2005, the sample size was changed to 65,000 respondents each year starting in 2007. The CCHS has undergone two major redesigns. The first in 2015 reviewed the sampling methodology, adopted a new sample frame, modernized and updated its health content, and reviewed the target population. The second in 2022, further reviewed and updated the content of the survey as well as transitioned it to an online electronic questionnaire (EQ) that was available for direct self reporting by selected respondents. Consultations were held with federal, provincial and territorial share partners, health region authorities and academics for both redesigns. As a result of these redesigns and major changes to collection and sampling approaches as well as content updates, caution should be taken when comparing data from previous cycles to data released for the 2015 and 2021 and for data released 2022 and onwards.

The provide detailed statistical tables for 18 scenarios by single year of the projection period (2001 to 2017). For each of the scenarios, data are available for persons who identify with each of the following three groups: the North American Indian population, the Métis or the Inuit. All three groups were projected separately for each of the ten provinces and three territories. However, the subprovincial and subterritorial level shown for the three groups varies as it depends on the groups' size. For the North American Indians, future numbers were calculated for the urban parts of all census metropolitan areas (CMAs), urban areas outside CMAs, rural areas and reserves. For the Métis, places of residence were grouped into urban parts of CMAs, urban areas outside CMAs and rural areas, which also include reserves. Because of their relatively small size, the Inuit population was projected separately for urban and rural locations only. This information is further broken down by age and sex. The 18 scenarios, as well as scenario-specific assumptions on the future trend in fertility and internal migration, are presented in the table below. In addition to these two components of population growth, all scenarios assumed declining mortality and negligible importance of international migration to the change of the size of three Aboriginal groups. The statistical tables of this CD-ROM are organized into three sections: Aboriginal groups - The projected population by Aboriginal group, type of residence, province/territory and sex for the 18 scenarios by single year from 2001 to 2017; Age and sex - The projected population by Aboriginal group, type of residence, age group and sex for the 18 scenarios by single year from 2001 to 2017; and Province/territory - The projected total Aboriginal population by province/territory, age group, sex and type of residence for the 18 scenarios for 2001 and 2017. The statistical tables are supplementary to the publication Projections of the Aboriginal populations, Canada, provinces and territories: 2001 to 2017 (catalogue no. 91-547).

The Dimension Series provides a more in-depth analysis of census data. The publications employ large numbers of variables and address topics of special interest. They apply to Canada, the provinces and territories, with smaller sets of variables being used for smaller geographic units. Census variables are grouped into the following categories: counts and demographic data, ethnic origin, population group, place of birth, citizenship and immigration, language, Aboriginal peoples, schooling, household activities, labour force, income, families and households, housing, institutions and other collectives, as well as disability. The aggregate data tables are presented in Beyond 20/20 Format (.ivt).

The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (hereafter, the Commission) annually collects financial and subscription information on Internet services. In addition, information on the availability of broadband Internet services is collected in partnership with Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada (ISED). Also, the Commission conducts research into the data requirements of certain Internet-based audio and video applications. This report presents financial and subscription information over 5 year period from 2013 to 2017. This data is mostly broken into three groups: Incumbent TSPs. Examples of incumbent TSPs include Bell, SaskTel and TELUS. They also include small incumbent TSPs such as Sogetel and Execulink. Cable-based carriers. Examples of cable-based carriers include Rogers, Shaw, and Videotron. Other service providers. The “ Other service providers” category may be further divided into “ other carriers,” such as Xplornet and Allstream Business, and “ resellers,” such as Distributel and TekSavvy. This may also be referred to as resellers, utility telcos and other carriers. Utility telcos are providers of telecommunications services whose market entry, or whose corporate group’ s market entry, into telecommunications services was preceded by a group-member company’ s operations in the electricity, gas, or other utility business. Broadband service availability is calculated using information provided by ISPs. For 2013 to 2015, locations were considered to be serviced if their dissemination block representative point fell within an area of broadband service coverage. As of 2016, ISED pseudohouseholds are used, along with 2016 census demography. Broadband service availability data may not take into account capacity issues or issues regarding line of sight. The information in this section does not take into account upload speeds unless noted. Pseudohouseholds are points representing the population in an area. These points are placed along roadways within each area, and the population of the area, determined by Statistics Canada, is distributed among these points. Additional data regarding addresses and the position of dwellings is used to guide this distribution. The use of pseudohouseholds aims to improve the accuracy of the availability indicators over the use of the assumption that the population within an area is located at the centre of the area. Unless otherwise noted, broadband service availability figures exclude wireless mobile technology and satellite. “ Satellite access services” in this section refer to direct-to-home (DTH) satellite, and not to the technology used to connect communities to the Internet (e.g. satellite link transport). With regard to the Commission’ s research into data requirements, the CRTC used a test environment that aims to replicate how a typical consumer would utilize online streaming and real-time communications services. The services were accessed by a typical wireline residential broadband service, and a national LTE cellular data network, using mainstream off-the-shelf consumer electronics: Android- and iOS-based tablets and phones, smart TVs, Windows-based laptop and desktop computers, and various set-top streaming devices. A web browser was used to access the streaming services on the PCs, and official applications (apps) were used on the other devices.