The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection's Fire and Resource Assessment Program (FRAP) annually maintains and distributes an historical wildland fire perimeter dataset from across public and private lands in California. The GIS data is developed with the cooperation of the United States Forest Service Region 5, the Bureau of Land Management, California State Parks, National Park Service and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and is released in the spring with added data from the previous calendar year. Although the dataset represents the most complete digital record of fire perimeters in California, it is still incomplete, and users should be cautious when drawing conclusions based on the data.

This data should be used carefully for statistical analysis and reporting due to missing perimeters (see Use Limitation in metadata). Some fires are missing because historical records were lost or damaged, were too small for the minimum cutoffs, had inadequate documentation or have not yet been incorporated into the database. Other errors with the fire perimeter database include duplicate fires and over-generalization. Additionally, over-generalization, particularly with large old fires, may show unburned "islands" within the final perimeter as burned. Users of the fire perimeter database must exercise caution in application of the data. Careful use of the fire perimeter database will prevent users from drawing inaccurate or erroneous conclusions from the data. This data is updated annually in the spring with fire perimeters from the previous fire season. This dataset may differ in California compared to that available from the National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) due to different requirements between the two datasets. The data covers fires back to 1878. As of May 2025, it represents fire24_1.

Please help improve this dataset by filling out this survey with feedback:

Historic Fire Perimeter Dataset Feedback (arcgis.com)

Current criteria for data collection are as follows:

CAL FIRE (including contract counties) submit perimeters ≥10 acres in timber, ≥50 acres in brush, or ≥300 acres in grass, and/or ≥3 impacted residential or commercial structures, and/or caused ≥1 fatality.

All cooperating agencies submit perimeters ≥10 acres.

Version update:

Firep24_1 was released in April 2025. Five hundred forty-eight fires from the 2024 fire season were added to the database (2 from BIA, 56 from BLM, 197 from CAL FIRE, 193 from Contract Counties, 27 from LRA, 8 from NPS, 55 from USFS and 8 from USFW). Six perimeters were added from the 2025 fire season (as a special case due to an unusual January fire siege). Five duplicate fires were removed, and the 2023 Sage was replaced with a more accurate perimeter. There were 900 perimeters that received updated attribution (705 removed “FIRE” from the end of Fire Name field and 148 replaced Complex IRWIN ID with Complex local incident number for COMPLEX_ID field). The following fires were identified as meeting our collection criteria but are not included in this version and will hopefully be added in a future update: Addie (2024-CACND-002119), Alpaugh (2024-CACND-001715), South (2024-CATIA-001375). One perimeter is missing containment date that will be updated in the next release.

Cross checking CALFIRS reporting for new CAL FIRE submissions to ensure accuracy with cause class was added to the compilation process. The cause class domain description for “Powerline” was updated to “Electrical Power” to be more inclusive of cause reports.

Includes separate layers filtered by criteria as follows:

California Fire Perimeters (All): Unfiltered. The entire collection of wildfire perimeters in the database. It is scale dependent and starts displaying at the country level scale.

Recent Large Fire Perimeters (≥5000 acres): Filtered for wildfires greater or equal to 5,000 acres for the last 5 years of fires (2020-January 2025), symbolized with color by year and is scale dependent and starts displaying at the country level scale. Year-only labels for recent large fires.

California Fire Perimeters (1950+): Filtered for wildfires that started in 1950-January 2025. Symbolized by decade, and display starting at country level scale.

Detailed metadata is included in the following documents:

Wildland Fire Perimeters (Firep24_1) Metadata

For any questions, please contact the data steward:

Kim Wallin, GIS Specialist

CAL FIRE, Fire & Resource Assessment Program (FRAP)

kimberly.wallin@fire.ca.gov

Historical FiresLast updated on 06/17/2022OverviewThe national fire history perimeter data layer of conglomerated Agency Authoratative perimeters was developed in support of the WFDSS application and wildfire decision support for the 2021 fire season. The layer encompasses the final fire perimeter datasets of the USDA Forest Service, US Department of Interior Bureau of Land Management, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Fish and Wildlife Service, and National Park Service, the Alaska Interagency Fire Center, CalFire, and WFIGS History. Perimeters are included thru the 2021 fire season. Requirements for fire perimeter inclusion, such as minimum acreage requirements, are set by the contributing agencies. WFIGS, NPS and CALFIRE data now include Prescribed Burns. Data InputSeveral data sources were used in the development of this layer:Alaska fire history USDA FS Regional Fire History Data BLM Fire Planning and Fuels National Park Service - Includes Prescribed Burns Fish and Wildlife ServiceBureau of Indian AffairsCalFire FRAS - Includes Prescribed BurnsWFIGS - BLM & BIA and other S&LData LimitationsFire perimeter data are often collected at the local level, and fire management agencies have differing guidelines for submitting fire perimeter data. Often data are collected by agencies only once annually. If you do not see your fire perimeters in this layer, they were not present in the sources used to create the layer at the time the data were submitted. A companion service for perimeters entered into the WFDSS application is also available, if a perimeter is found in the WFDSS service that is missing in this Agency Authoratative service or a perimeter is missing in both services, please contact the appropriate agency Fire GIS Contact listed in the table below.AttributesThis dataset implements the NWCG Wildland Fire Perimeters (polygon) data standard.https://www.nwcg.gov/sites/default/files/stds/WildlandFirePerimeters_definition.pdfIRWINID - Primary key for linking to the IRWIN Incident dataset. The origin of this GUID is the wildland fire locations point data layer. (This unique identifier may NOT replace the GeometryID core attribute)INCIDENT - The name assigned to an incident; assigned by responsible land management unit. (IRWIN required). Officially recorded name.FIRE_YEAR (Alias) - Calendar year in which the fire started. Example: 2013. Value is of type integer (FIRE_YEAR_INT).AGENCY - Agency assigned for this fire - should be based on jurisdiction at origin.SOURCE - System/agency source of record from which the perimeter came.DATE_CUR - The last edit, update, or other valid date of this GIS Record. Example: mm/dd/yyyy.MAP_METHOD - Controlled vocabulary to define how the geospatial feature was derived. Map method may help define data quality.GPS-Driven; GPS-Flight; GPS-Walked; GPS-Walked/Driven; GPS-Unknown Travel Method; Hand Sketch; Digitized-Image; Digitized-Topo; Digitized-Other; Image Interpretation; Infrared Image; Modeled; Mixed Methods; Remote Sensing Derived; Survey/GCDB/Cadastral; Vector; OtherGIS_ACRES - GIS calculated acres within the fire perimeter. Not adjusted for unburned areas within the fire perimeter. Total should include 1 decimal place. (ArcGIS: Precision=10; Scale=1). Example: 23.9UNQE_FIRE_ - Unique fire identifier is the Year-Unit Identifier-Local Incident Identifier (yyyy-SSXXX-xxxxxx). SS = State Code or International Code, XXX or XXXX = A code assigned to an organizational unit, xxxxx = Alphanumeric with hyphens or periods. The unit identifier portion corresponds to the POINT OF ORIGIN RESPONSIBLE AGENCY UNIT IDENTIFIER (POOResonsibleUnit) from the responsible unit’s corresponding fire report. Example: 2013-CORMP-000001LOCAL_NUM - Local incident identifier (dispatch number). A number or code that uniquely identifies an incident for a particular local fire management organization within a particular calendar year. Field is string to allow for leading zeros when the local incident identifier is less than 6 characters. (IRWIN required). Example: 123456.UNIT_ID - NWCG Unit Identifier of landowner/jurisdictional agency unit at the point of origin of a fire. (NFIRS ID should be used only when no NWCG Unit Identifier exists). Example: CORMPCOMMENTS - Additional information describing the feature. Free Text.FEATURE_CA - Type of wildland fire polygon: Wildfire (represents final fire perimeter or last daily fire perimeter available) or Prescribed Fire or UnknownGEO_ID - Primary key for linking geospatial objects with other database systems. Required for every feature. This field may be renamed for each standard to fit the feature. Globally Unique Identifier (GUID).Cross-Walk from sources (GeoID) and other processing notesAK: GEOID = OBJECT ID of provided file geodatabase (4580 Records thru 2021), other federal sources for AK data removed. CA: GEOID = OBJECT ID of downloaded file geodatabase (12776 Records, federal fires removed, includes RX)FWS: GEOID = OBJECTID of service download combined history 2005-2021 (2052 Records). Handful of WFIGS (11) fires added that were not in FWS record.BIA: GEOID = "FireID" 2017/2018 data (416 records) provided or WFDSS PID (415 records). An additional 917 fires from WFIGS were added, GEOID=GLOBALID in source.NPS: GEOID = EVENT ID (IRWINID or FRM_ID from FOD), 29,943 records includes RX.BLM: GEOID = GUID from BLM FPER and GLOBALID from WFIGS. Date Current = best available modify_date, create_date, fire_cntrl_dt or fire_dscvr_dt to reduce the number of 9999 entries in FireYear. Source FPER (25,389 features), WFIGS (5357 features)USFS: GEOID=GLOBALID in source, 46,574 features. Also fixed Date Current to best available date from perimeterdatetime, revdate, discoverydatetime, dbsourcedate to reduce number of 1899 entries in FireYear.Relevant Websites and ReferencesAlaska Fire Service: https://afs.ak.blm.gov/CALFIRE: https://frap.fire.ca.gov/mapping/gis-dataBIA - data prior to 2017 from WFDSS, 2017-2018 Agency Provided, 2019 and after WFIGSBLM: https://gis.blm.gov/arcgis/rest/services/fire/BLM_Natl_FirePerimeter/MapServerNPS: New data set provided from NPS Fire & Aviation GIS. cross checked against WFIGS for any missing perimeters in 2021.https://nifc.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=098ebc8e561143389ca3d42be3707caaFWS -https://services.arcgis.com/QVENGdaPbd4LUkLV/arcgis/rest/services/USFWS_Wildfire_History_gdb/FeatureServerUSFS - https://apps.fs.usda.gov/arcx/rest/services/EDW/EDW_FireOccurrenceAndPerimeter_01/MapServerAgency Fire GIS ContactsRD&A Data ManagerVACANTSusan McClendonWFM RD&A GIS Specialist208-258-4244send emailJill KuenziUSFS-NIFC208.387.5283send email Joseph KafkaBIA-NIFC208.387.5572send emailCameron TongierUSFWS-NIFC208.387.5712send emailSkip EdelNPS-NIFC303.969.2947send emailJulie OsterkampBLM-NIFC208.258.0083send email Jennifer L. Jenkins Alaska Fire Service 907.356.5587 send email

Oregon saw the largest area burned by wildfires across the United States in 2024. That year, about 2,232 individual wildfires burned in the northwestern state, ravishing almost 1.89 million acres. Texas followed second, with roughly 1.3 million acres burned due to wildfires that year. Fire season 2021 and California’s wildfire suppression costs As one of the most wildfire-prone states in the country, California spends a significant amount of money on their suppression. Estimates suggest wildfire suppression expenditure in California climbed to 1.2 billion U.S. dollars in the fiscal year ending June 2022. The fiscal year, which includes the summer and fall months of 2021, was among the most devastating fire seasons on record, with that year’s Dixie fire becoming the second-largest California wildfire by acres burned. The Dixie fire was responsible for over 963,000 acres burned across the state that year. Wildfire causes Wildfires are uncontrolled fires burning across any type of combustible vegetation such as grass- and brushland, forests, and agricultural fields. They are also referred to as wildland fires, forest fires, or bushfires, with the latter term particularly common in Australia. Wildfires regularly occur on all continents of the world, except for Antarctica, but are particularly common in dry regions with dense vegetation. As the rise in average global temperatures is changing weather patterns and resulting in more and more countries being affected by dry, hot weather conditions, the severity and rapid spread of wildfires have increased in recent years. The most common causes of wildfires are natural phenomena such as lightning strikes as well as human activity. The area burned due to human-caused wildfires in the U.S. surpassed 1.5 million acres in 2023.

This map shows the burn areas of wildfires between 1887 to present in California. The perimeters are colored by decade to highlight the size and quantity of more recent years. The Living Atlas layer used in this map contains the fire perimeters from the previous calendar year, and those dating back to 1878, for California. Perimeters are sourced from the Fire and Resource Assessment Program (FRAP) and are updated shortly after the end of each calendar year. Information below is from the FRAP web site.About the Perimeters in this LayerThe California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection's Fire and Resource Assessment Program (FRAP) annually maintains and distributes an historical wildland fire perimeter dataset from across public and private lands in California. The GIS data is developed with the cooperation of the United States Forest Service Region 5, the Bureau of Land Management, California State Parks, National Park Service and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and is released in the spring with added data from the previous calendar year. Although the dataset represents the most complete digital record of fire perimeters in California, it is still incomplete, and users should be cautious when drawing conclusions based on the data. For detailed and current metadata and update cycle about this data and the source, visit this resource.Source: Fire and Resource Assessment Program (FRAP)For any questions, please contact the data steward:Kim Wallin, GIS SpecialistCAL FIRE, Fire & Resource Assessment Program (FRAP)kimberly.wallin@fire.ca.gov

The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection's Fire and Resource Assessment Program (FRAP) annually maintains and distributes an historical wildland fire perimeter dataset from across public and private lands in California. The GIS data is developed with the cooperation of the United States Forest Service Region 5, the Bureau of Land Management, California State Parks, National Park Service and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and is released in the spring with added data from the previous calendar year. Although the dataset represents the most complete digital record of fire perimeters in California, it is still incomplete, and users should be cautious when drawing conclusions based on the data.

This data should be used carefully for statistical analysis and reporting due to missing perimeters (see Use Limitation in metadata). Some fires are missing because historical records were lost or damaged, were too small for the minimum cutoffs, had inadequate documentation or have not yet been incorporated into the database. Other errors with the fire perimeter database include duplicate fires and over-generalization. Additionally, over-generalization, particularly with large old fires, may show unburned "islands" within the final perimeter as burned. Users of the fire perimeter database must exercise caution in application of the data. Careful use of the fire perimeter database will prevent users from drawing inaccurate or erroneous conclusions from the data. This data is updated annually in the spring with fire perimeters from the previous fire season. This dataset may differ in California compared to that available from the National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) due to different requirements between the two datasets. The data covers fires back to 1878. As of May 2025, it represents fire24_1.

Please help improve this dataset by filling out this survey with feedback:

Historic Fire Perimeter Dataset Feedback (arcgis.com)

Current criteria for data collection are as follows:

CAL FIRE (including contract counties) submit perimeters ≥10 acres in timber, ≥50 acres in brush, or ≥300 acres in grass, and/or ≥3 impacted residential or commercial structures, and/or caused ≥1 fatality.

All cooperating agencies submit perimeters ≥10 acres.

Version update:

Firep24_1 was released in April 2025. Five hundred forty-eight fires from the 2024 fire season were added to the database (2 from BIA, 56 from BLM, 197 from CAL FIRE, 193 from Contract Counties, 27 from LRA, 8 from NPS, 55 from USFS and 8 from USFW). Six perimeters were added from the 2025 fire season (as a special case due to an unusual January fire siege). Five duplicate fires were removed, and the 2023 Sage was replaced with a more accurate perimeter. There were 900 perimeters that received updated attribution (705 removed “FIRE” from the end of Fire Name field and 148 replaced Complex IRWIN ID with Complex local incident number for COMPLEX_ID field). The following fires were identified as meeting our collection criteria but are not included in this version and will hopefully be added in a future update: Addie (2024-CACND-002119), Alpaugh (2024-CACND-001715), South (2024-CATIA-001375). One perimeter is missing containment date that will be updated in the next release.

Cross checking CALFIRS reporting for new CAL FIRE submissions to ensure accuracy with cause class was added to the compilation process. The cause class domain description for “Powerline” was updated to “Electrical Power” to be more inclusive of cause reports.

Includes separate layers filtered by criteria as follows:

California Fire Perimeters (All): Unfiltered. The entire collection of wildfire perimeters in the database. It is scale dependent and starts displaying at the country level scale.

Recent Large Fire Perimeters (≥5000 acres): Filtered for wildfires greater or equal to 5,000 acres for the last 5 years of fires (2020-January 2025), symbolized with color by year and is scale dependent and starts displaying at the country level scale. Year-only labels for recent large fires.

California Fire Perimeters (1950+): Filtered for wildfires that started in 1950-January 2025. Symbolized by decade, and display starting at country level scale.

Detailed metadata is included in the following documents:

Wildland Fire Perimeters (Firep24_1) Metadata

For any questions, please contact the data steward:

Kim Wallin, GIS Specialist

CAL FIRE, Fire & Resource Assessment Program (FRAP)

kimberly.wallin@fire.ca.gov

Wildfire activity in the United States saw a significant increase in 2024, with approximately 8.9 million acres burned. This marks a more than threefold increase from the previous year. Such development boosts the concerning upward trend in wildfire damage across the country that has developed in the past half a century. Humans or lightning? A wildfire can start by natural causes. In 2024, Oregon and Arizona were the states most affected, each with more than 750 cases recorded. Nevertheless, human-caused wildfires continue to play a significant role in the overall landscape. In 2024, over 57,000 wildfires in the U.S. were attributed to human activity, resulting in more than 4.6 million acres burned. Wildfire suppression The financial burden of wildfire suppression remains substantial. The estimated costs of wildfire suppression in the U.S. stood at almost 3.2 million U.S. dollars in 2023, a 13-fold increase in comparison to 1985. As climate change continues to alter weather patterns and create more favorable conditions for wildfires, the need for effective prevention, management, and suppression strategies is becoming increasingly critical.

Wildfires resulted in 130 deaths in the United States in 2023. This has been the highest figure since 1990, mostly related to the Maui wildfires in Hawaii. There have been more than 500 wildfire-related deaths in the U.S. since 1990.

Get data on forest fires, compiled annually for the National Forestry Database The National Forestry Database includes national forest data and forest management statistics to seve as a credible, accurate and reliable source of information on forest management and its impact on the forest resource. Forest fire data is grouped into eight categories, which are further broken down by geographic location. These include: * number of fires by cause class and response category * area burned by cause class and response category * number of fires by month and response category * area burned by month and response category * number of fires by fire size class and response category * area burned by fire size class and response category * area burned by productivity class, stocking class, maturity class and response category * other fire statistics, such as property losses

All data displayed on this Dashboard is near real-time, automatically updating at regular intervals. Web Services used in the dashboard: (visit link to learn more about each service) IRWIN - The Integrated Reporting of Wildland-Fire Information (IRWIN) service is an investment intended to enable “end-to-end” fire reporting capability. IRWIN provides data exchange capabilities between existing applications used to manage data related to wildland fire incidents. IRWIN focuses on the goals of reducing redundant data entry, identifying authoritative data sources, and improving the consistency, accuracy, and availability of operational data.IRWIN can be thought of as a central hub that orchestrates data between the various applications. Users continue to utilize existing applications. Data is synchronized between participating applications to ensure the most current data is available in near real time. IRWIN supports conflict detection and resolution on all new wildfire incidents to support a unique record for each incident.NOAA nowCOAST - Provides web services of near real-time observations, analyses, tide predictions, model guidance, watches/warnings, and forecasts for the coastal United States by integrating data and information across NOAA, other federal agencies and regional ocean and weather observing systems (source). All layers below automatically refresh every five minutes.Tornado Warning - National Weather Service warning for short duration hazard.Severe Thunderstorm Warning - National Weather Service warning for short duration hazard.Flash Flood Warning - National Weather Service warning for short duration hazard.Red Flag Warning - National Weather Service warning for long duration hazard.nowCOAST Lightning Strike Density - 15-minute Satellite Emulated Lightning Strike Density imagery for the last several hours.nowCOAST Radar - Weather Radar (NEXRAD) Reflectivity Mosaics from NOAA MRMS for Alaska, CONUS, Puerto Rico, Guam, and Hawaii for last several hours.Data in each MapLast 24 Hours Map:New Starts - IRWIN Data where any incident that has occured within the last 24 hour time period.Current Large Incidents - IRWIN Data where incidents that have created an ICS 209 document at the type 3 Incident Commander (IC) level and above and are less than 100% contained.Ongoing - IRWIN Data where incidents that do not have a containment, control, or out date.Contained - IRWIN Data where incidents with a containment date but no control or out date.Season Summary Map:Fires by Cause - IRWIN data where any incident (Wildfire) that has occurred year to date displayed by cause. National Incident Feature Service 2019 (Fire Perimeters) - Must be set to 'Approved' and 'Public' to be displayed on the map. Automatically refreshes every five minutes. Data collected using Collector and the National InterAgency Fire Centers ArcGIS OnLine softwareNonActive Fires - Idaho's archived fire perimeters. Fires that are no longer available in the National Incident Feature Service 2019 (Fire Perimeters) because they have been inactive (out) for over a week.Fire History Map:Fire Ignition Points (Current Year) - IRWIN Data where any incident (Wildfire) that has occurred year to date displayed by daily acres Fire Ignition Points (Last 20yrs) - Idaho Fire Management Plan (FMP) locations of wildfire starts occur and a note of general causes for wildfires, since 1980Fire Frequency (Last 20yrs) - Idaho Fire Management Plan (FMP) determining how frequently a piece of ground is ignited and burns. Fires greated then 10 acres only were used in determining frequency. It is known that historical data from prior to the 1980s was inconsistantly recorded and therefore the information reflected in this dataset may not be complete and should be used with discretion.

Following wildfire, mountainous areas of the western United States are susceptible to enhanced runoff and erosion and an increased vulnerability to debris flow during intense rainfall. Convective storms that can generate debris flows in recently burned areas may occur during or immediately after the wildfire, leaving insufficient time for development and implementation of risk mitigation strategies. We present a method for estimating post-fire debris-flow hazards prior to wildfire using historical data to define the range of potential fire severity for a given location based on the statistical distribution of severity metrics obtained from remote sensing. Estimates of debris-flow likelihood, magnitude and triggering rainfall threshold based upon the statistically simulated fire severity data provide hazard predictions consistent with those calculated from fire severity data collected after wildfire. Simulated fire severity data also produce hazard estimates that replicate observed debris-flow occurrence, rainfall conditions, and magnitude at a monitored site in the San Gabriel Mountains of southern California. Future applications of this method should rely upon a range of potential fire severity scenarios for improved pre-fire estimates of debris-flow hazard. The method presented here is also applicable to modeling other post-fire hazards, such as flooding and erosion risk, and for quantifying historic trends in fire severity in a changing climate. This release contains the data used to derive the historical distributions of fire severity, including a) the data used to derive a Weibull cumulative distribution function to historical measures of the differenced normalized burn ratio for fires >= 4 square kilometers (1000 acres) that burned between 2001 and 2014 in the western United States, b) the shape and scale parameters for the Weibull cumulative distribution function for every class of existing vegetation type, and the statistics describing goodness-of-fit of the Weibull distribution to these data, and c) the data used to determine the BARC4 threshold defining the break between pixels burned at low and moderate or high severity.

This is a copy of another layer - see original source: https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=e02b85c0ea784ce7bd8add7ae3d293d0OverviewThe national fire history perimeter data layer of conglomerated Agency Authoratative perimeters was developed in support of the WFDSS application and wildfire decision support for the 2021 fire season. The layer encompasses the final fire perimeter datasets of the USDA Forest Service, US Department of Interior Bureau of Land Management, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Fish and Wildlife Service, and National Park Service, the Alaska Interagency Fire Center, CalFire, and WFIGS History. Perimeters are included thru the 2021 fire season. Requirements for fire perimeter inclusion, such as minimum acreage requirements, are set by the contributing agencies. WFIGS, NPS and CALFIRE data now include Prescribed Burns. Data InputSeveral data sources were used in the development of this layer:Alaska fire history USDA FS Regional Fire History Data BLM Fire Planning and Fuels National Park Service - Includes Prescribed Burns Fish and Wildlife ServiceBureau of Indian AffairsCalFire FRAS - Includes Prescribed BurnsWFIGS - BLM & BIA and other S&LData LimitationsFire perimeter data are often collected at the local level, and fire management agencies have differing guidelines for submitting fire perimeter data. Often data are collected by agencies only once annually. If you do not see your fire perimeters in this layer, they were not present in the sources used to create the layer at the time the data were submitted. A companion service for perimeters entered into the WFDSS application is also available, if a perimeter is found in the WFDSS service that is missing in this Agency Authoratative service or a perimeter is missing in both services, please contact the appropriate agency Fire GIS Contact listed in the table below.AttributesThis dataset implements the NWCG Wildland Fire Perimeters (polygon) data standard.https://www.nwcg.gov/sites/default/files/stds/WildlandFirePerimeters_definition.pdfIRWINID - Primary key for linking to the IRWIN Incident dataset. The origin of this GUID is the wildland fire locations point data layer. (This unique identifier may NOT replace the GeometryID core attribute)INCIDENT - The name assigned to an incident; assigned by responsible land management unit. (IRWIN required). Officially recorded name.FIRE_YEAR (Alias) - Calendar year in which the fire started. Example: 2013. Value is of type integer (FIRE_YEAR_INT).AGENCY - Agency assigned for this fire - should be based on jurisdiction at origin.SOURCE - System/agency source of record from which the perimeter came.DATE_CUR - The last edit, update, or other valid date of this GIS Record. Example: mm/dd/yyyy.MAP_METHOD - Controlled vocabulary to define how the geospatial feature was derived. Map method may help define data quality.GPS-Driven; GPS-Flight; GPS-Walked; GPS-Walked/Driven; GPS-Unknown Travel Method; Hand Sketch; Digitized-Image; Digitized-Topo; Digitized-Other; Image Interpretation; Infrared Image; Modeled; Mixed Methods; Remote Sensing Derived; Survey/GCDB/Cadastral; Vector; OtherGIS_ACRES - GIS calculated acres within the fire perimeter. Not adjusted for unburned areas within the fire perimeter. Total should include 1 decimal place. (ArcGIS: Precision=10; Scale=1). Example: 23.9UNQE_FIRE_ - Unique fire identifier is the Year-Unit Identifier-Local Incident Identifier (yyyy-SSXXX-xxxxxx). SS = State Code or International Code, XXX or XXXX = A code assigned to an organizational unit, xxxxx = Alphanumeric with hyphens or periods. The unit identifier portion corresponds to the POINT OF ORIGIN RESPONSIBLE AGENCY UNIT IDENTIFIER (POOResonsibleUnit) from the responsible unit’s corresponding fire report. Example: 2013-CORMP-000001LOCAL_NUM - Local incident identifier (dispatch number). A number or code that uniquely identifies an incident for a particular local fire management organization within a particular calendar year. Field is string to allow for leading zeros when the local incident identifier is less than 6 characters. (IRWIN required). Example: 123456.UNIT_ID - NWCG Unit Identifier of landowner/jurisdictional agency unit at the point of origin of a fire. (NFIRS ID should be used only when no NWCG Unit Identifier exists). Example: CORMPCOMMENTS - Additional information describing the feature. Free Text.FEATURE_CA - Type of wildland fire polygon: Wildfire (represents final fire perimeter or last daily fire perimeter available) or Prescribed Fire or UnknownGEO_ID - Primary key for linking geospatial objects with other database systems. Required for every feature. This field may be renamed for each standard to fit the feature. Globally Unique Identifier (GUID).Cross-Walk from sources (GeoID) and other processing notesAK: GEOID = OBJECT ID of provided file geodatabase (4580 Records thru 2021), other federal sources for AK data removed. CA: GEOID = OBJECT ID of downloaded file geodatabase (12776 Records, federal fires removed, includes RX)FWS: GEOID = OBJECTID of service download combined history 2005-2021 (2052 Records). Handful of WFIGS (11) fires added that were not in FWS record.BIA: GEOID = "FireID" 2017/2018 data (416 records) provided or WFDSS PID (415 records). An additional 917 fires from WFIGS were added, GEOID=GLOBALID in source.NPS: GEOID = EVENT ID (IRWINID or FRM_ID from FOD), 29,943 records includes RX.BLM: GEOID = GUID from BLM FPER and GLOBALID from WFIGS. Date Current = best available modify_date, create_date, fire_cntrl_dt or fire_dscvr_dt to reduce the number of 9999 entries in FireYear. Source FPER (25,389 features), WFIGS (5357 features)USFS: GEOID=GLOBALID in source, 46,574 features. Also fixed Date Current to best available date from perimeterdatetime, revdate, discoverydatetime, dbsourcedate to reduce number of 1899 entries in FireYear.Relevant Websites and ReferencesAlaska Fire Service: https://afs.ak.blm.gov/CALFIRE: https://frap.fire.ca.gov/mapping/gis-dataBIA - data prior to 2017 from WFDSS, 2017-2018 Agency Provided, 2019 and after WFIGSBLM: https://gis.blm.gov/arcgis/rest/services/fire/BLM_Natl_FirePerimeter/MapServerNPS: New data set provided from NPS Fire & Aviation GIS. cross checked against WFIGS for any missing perimetersFWS -https://services.arcgis.com/QVENGdaPbd4LUkLV/arcgis/rest/services/USFWS_Wildfire_History_gdb/FeatureServerUSFS - https://apps.fs.usda.gov/arcx/rest/services/EDW/EDW_FireOccurrenceAndPerimeter_01/MapServerAgency Fire GIS ContactsRD&A Data ManagerVACANTSusan McClendonWFM RD&A GIS Specialist208-258-4244send emailJill KuenziUSFS-NIFC208.387.5283send email Joseph KafkaBIA-NIFC208.387.5572send emailCameron TongierUSFWS-NIFC208.387.5712send emailSkip EdelNPS-NIFC303.969.2947send emailJulie OsterkampBLM-NIFC208.258.0083send email Jennifer L. Jenkins Alaska Fire Service 907.356.5587 send emailLayers

Dataset including information on wildfires in the province of Alberta from 2006 to 2024, inclusive. Information tracked for each fire includes: cause, size, location (latitude and longitude, legal land description, and forest area), time and duration, weather conditions, staffing and physical resources used to suppress the fire, and area burned.

The increase in wildfires, particularly in the western U.S., represents one of the greatest threats to multiple native ecosystems. Despite this threat, there is currently no central repository to store both past and current wildfire perimeter data. Currently, wildfire boundaries can only be found in disparate local or national datasets. These datasets are generally restricted to specific locations, fire sizes, or time periods. Our objective was to create a comprehensive national wildfire perimeter dataset by combining all freely available wildfire datasets that we could download. We combined and dissolved individual wildfire polygons from multiple datasets if they were in the same year and overlapped each other or were within 1km of the fire boundary. This combined dataset includes spatial summary statistics such as number of times burned, earliest fire of record, and most recent fire of record.

Context

Wildfires are one of the most economically devastating natural events that occur almost on a regular basis. During the height of summer, the west sets ablaze across the entire coast. With a large number of fires burning at the same time and limited resources, land managers and fire departments are forced to make difficult choices on which fire to focus on. The goal of this project is to leverage machine learning to help answer this question.

Content

The dataset presented here is a sub-sample of data presented here :1.88 Million US Fires [1]. I took this dataset and downselected to a random sampling of 50,000 fire samples and combined this dataset with historical weather data at a specific lat/long [2], historical vegetation data [3]. A metric is representing the measure of the remoteness of a fire using city lat/long database [4].

Sources :

[1] Short, Karen C. 2017. Spatial wildfire occurrence data for the United States, 1992-2015 [FPA_FOD_20170508]. 4th Edition. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2013-0009.4

[2] NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2001): Integrated Surface Hourly [1992-2015] - ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/noaa/

[3] Meiyappan, Prasanth, and Atul K. Jain. "Three distinct global estimates of historical land-cover change and land-use conversions for over 200 years." Frontiers of Earth Science 6.2 (2012): 122-139.

[4] "World Cities Database." Simplemaps, simplemaps.com/data/world-cities.

Inspiration

Build a machine learning model to predict what is the likelihood that the fire would grow to devastating proportions. This model can help policy makers and land managers triage wildfires during the summer, where multiple fires burn at the same time, and resources are limited.

In 2023, there were 15 large wildfire disasters recorded worldwide. This was a slight decrease from the wildfire disasters observed in 2021 when it reached 19 disasters, the highest figure within the past decade. Nonetheless, 2000 still held the record in the period in consideration, with 30 large wildfire disasters recorded. Other types of climate-related disasters include droughts, extreme temperatures, landslides, storms, and floods. In 2023, there were 170 flood disasters worldwide.

This data set is part of an ongoing project to consolidate interagency fire point data. The incorporation of all available historical data is in progress.The InFORM (Interagency Fire Occurrence Reporting Modules) FODR (Fire Occurrence Data Records) are the official record of fire events. Built on top of IRWIN (Integrated Reporting of Wildland Fire Information), the FODR starts with an IRWIN record and then captures the final incident information upon certification of the record by the appropriate local authority. This service contains all wildland fire incidents from the InFORM FODR incident service that meet the following criteria:Categorized as a Wildfire (WF) or Prescribed Fire (RX) recordIs Valid and not "quarantined" due to potential conflicts with other recordsNo "fall-off" rules are applied to this service.Service is a real time display of data.Warning: Please refrain from repeatedly querying the service using a relative date range. This includes using the “(not) in the last” operators in a Web Map filter and any reference to CURRENT_TIMESTAMP. This type of query puts undue load on the service and may render it temporarily unavailable.Attributes:ABCDMiscA FireCode used by USDA FS to track and compile cost information for emergency initial attack fire suppression expenditures. for A, B, C & D size class fires on FS lands.ADSPermissionStateIndicates the permission hierarchy that is currently being applied when a system utilizes the UpdateIncident operation.CalculatedAcresA measure of acres calculated (i.e., infrared) from a geospatial perimeter of a fire. More specifically, the number of acres within the current perimeter of a specific, individual incident, including unburned and unburnable islands. The minimum size must be 0.1.ContainmentDateTimeThe date and time a wildfire was declared contained. ControlDateTimeThe date and time a wildfire was declared under control.CreatedBySystemArcGIS Server Username of system that created the IRWIN Incident record.CreatedOnDateTimeDate/time that the Incident record was created.IncidentSizeReported for a fire. The minimum size is 0.1.DiscoveryAcresAn estimate of acres burning upon the discovery of the fire. More specifically when the fire is first reported by the first person that calls in the fire. The estimate should include number of acres within the current perimeter of a specific, individual incident, including unburned and unburnable islands.DispatchCenterIDA unique identifier for a dispatch center responsible for supporting the incident.EstimatedCostToDateThe total estimated cost of the incident to date.FinalAcresReported final acreage of incident.FinalFireReportApprovedByTitleThe title of the person that approved the final fire report for the incident.FinalFireReportApprovedByUnitNWCG Unit ID associated with the individual who approved the final report for the incident.FinalFireReportApprovedDateThe date that the final fire report was approved for the incident.FireBehaviorGeneralA general category describing the manner in which the fire is currently reacting to the influences of fuel, weather, and topography. FireCodeA code used within the interagency wildland fire community to track and compile cost information for emergency fire suppression expenditures for the incident. FireDepartmentIDThe U.S. Fire Administration (USFA) has created a national database of Fire Departments. Most Fire Departments do not have an NWCG Unit ID and so it is the intent of the IRWIN team to create a new field that includes this data element to assist the National Association of State Foresters (NASF) with data collection.FireDiscoveryDateTimeThe date and time a fire was reported as discovered or confirmed to exist. May also be the start date for reporting purposes.FireMgmtComplexityThe highest management level utilized to manage a wildland fire event. FireOutDateTimeThe date and time when a fire is declared out. FSJobCodeA code use to indicate the Forest Service job accounting code for the incident. This is specific to the Forest Service. Usually displayed as 2 char prefix on FireCode.FSOverrideCodeA code used to indicate the Forest Service override code for the incident. This is specific to the Forest Service. Usually displayed as a 4 char suffix on FireCode. For example, if the FS is assisting DOI, an override of 1502 will be used.GACCA code that identifies one of the wildland fire geographic area coordination center at the point of origin for the incident.A geographic area coordination center is a facility that is used for the coordination of agency or jurisdictional resources in support of one or more incidents within a geographic coordination area.IncidentNameThe name assigned to an incident.IncidentShortDescriptionGeneral descriptive location of the incident such as the number of miles from an identifiable town. IncidentTypeCategoryThe Event Category is a sub-group of the Event Kind code and description. The Event Category further breaks down the Event Kind into more specific event categories.IncidentTypeKindA general, high-level code and description of the types of incidents and planned events to which the interagency wildland fire community responds.InitialLatitudeThe latitude location of the initial reported point of origin specified in decimal degrees.InitialLongitudeThe longitude location of the initial reported point of origin specified in decimal degrees.InitialResponseDateTimeThe date/time of the initial response to the incident. More specifically when the IC arrives and performs initial size up. IsFireCauseInvestigatedIndicates if an investigation is underway or was completed to determine the cause of a fire.IsFSAssistedIndicates if the Forest Service provided assistance on an incident outside their jurisdiction.IsReimbursableIndicates the cost of an incident may be another agency’s responsibility.IsTrespassIndicates if the incident is a trespass claim or if a bill will be pursued.LocalIncidentIdentifierA number or code that uniquely identifies an incident for a particular local fire management organization within a particular calendar year.ModifiedBySystemArcGIS Server username of system that last modified the IRWIN Incident record.ModifiedOnDateTimeDate/time that the Incident record was last modified.PercentContainedIndicates the percent of incident area that is no longer active. Reference definition in fire line handbook when developing standard.POOCityThe closest city to the incident point of origin.POOCountyThe County Name identifying the county or equivalent entity at point of origin designated at the time of collection.POODispatchCenterIDA unique identifier for the dispatch center that intersects with the incident point of origin. POOFipsThe code which uniquely identifies counties and county equivalents. The first two digits are the FIPS State code and the last three are the county code within the state.POOJurisdictionalAgencyThe agency having land and resource management responsibility for a incident as provided by federal, state or local law. POOJurisdictionalUnitNWCG Unit Identifier to identify the unit with jurisdiction for the land where the point of origin of a fire falls. POOJurisdictionalUnitParentUnitThe unit ID for the parent entity, such as a BLM State Office or USFS Regional Office, that resides over the Jurisdictional Unit.POOLandownerCategoryMore specific classification of land ownership within land owner kinds identifying the deeded owner at the point of origin at the time of the incident.POOLandownerKindBroad classification of land ownership identifying the deeded owner at the point of origin at the time of the incident.POOProtectingAgencyIndicates the agency that has protection responsibility at the point of origin.POOProtectingUnitNWCG Unit responsible for providing direct incident management and services to a an incident pursuant to its jurisdictional responsibility or as specified by law, contract or agreement. Definition Extension: - Protection can be re-assigned by agreement. - The nature and extent of the incident determines protection (for example Wildfire vs. All Hazard.)POOStateThe State alpha code identifying the state or equivalent entity at point of origin.PredominantFuelGroupThe fuel majority fuel model type that best represents fire behavior in the incident area, grouped into one of seven categories.PredominantFuelModelDescribes the type of fuels found within the majority of the incident area. UniqueFireIdentifierUnique identifier assigned to each wildland fire. yyyy = calendar year, SSUUUU = POO protecting unit identifier (5 or 6 characters), xxxxxx = local incident identifier (6 to 10 characters) FORIDUnique identifier assigned to each incident record in the FODR database.

Dataset including information on wildfires in the province of Alberta from 1996 to 2005, inclusive. Information tracked for each fire includes: cause, size, location (latitude and longitude, legal land description, and forest area), time and duration, weather conditions, staffing and physical resources used to suppress the fire, and area burned.

CAL FIRE's Fire and Resource Assessment Program (FRAP) annually maintains and distributes an historical fire perimeter dataset from across public and private lands in California. The GIS data is developed with the cooperation of the United States Forest Service Region 5, the Bureau of Land Management, the National Park Service and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and is released in the spring with added data from the previous calendar year. Although the dataset represents the most complete digital record of fire perimeters in California, it is still incomplete, and users should be cautious when drawing conclusions based on the data.

This app contains three pages of maps and documentation of the historical fire perimeter metadata:

Historical Fire Perimeters: The landing page highlights the recent large fires (≥5,000 acres) on a backdrop of all of the dataset's documented fire perimeters dating back to 1878. This map includes perimeters symbolized by decade, county boundaries, California Vegetation, and NAIP imagery back to 2005. This page provides users the ability to add their own data or filter the fire perimeter data. It cleanly lists fire perimeters shown on the map with their name, year, and GIS calculated acreage. The user can navigate to the CAL FIRE current incident webpage or provide comments to the dataset's steward.

Times Burned: The second page provides a map showing an analysis performed annually on the fire perimeter dataset to show case burn frequency from 1950 to present for fires greater than one acre.

Fire Across Time: This third page provides a time enabled layer of the fire perimeter dataset, featuring a time slider to allow users to view the perimeter dataset across time.

The final page provides the user with the dataset's metadata, including its most current data dictionary.

For any questions, please contact the data steward:

Kim Wallin, GIS Specialist

CAL FIRE, Fire & Resource Assessment Program (FRAP)

kimberly.wallin@fire.ca.gov

This layer contains the fire perimeters from the previous calendar year, and those dating back to 1878, for California. Perimeters are sourced from the Fire and Resource Assessment Program (FRAP) and are updated shortly after the end of each calendar year. Information below is from the FRAP web site. There is also a tile cache version of this layer.About the Perimeters in this LayerInitially CAL FIRE and the USDA Forest Service jointly developed a fire perimeter GIS layer for public and private lands throughout California. The data covered the period 1950 to 2001 and included USFS wildland fires 10 acres and greater, and CAL FIRE fires 300 acres and greater. BLM and NPS joined the effort in 2002, collecting fires 10 acres and greater. Also in 2002, CAL FIRE’s criteria expanded to include timber fires 10 acres and greater in size, brush fires 50 acres and greater in size, grass fires 300 acres and greater in size, wildland fires destroying three or more structures, and wildland fires causing $300,000 or more in damage. As of 2014, the monetary requirement was dropped and the damage requirement is 3 or more habitable structures or commercial structures.In 1989, CAL FIRE units were requested to fill in gaps in their fire perimeter data as part of the California Fire Plan. FRAP provided each unit with a preliminary map of 1950-89 fire perimeters. Unit personnel also verified the pre-1989 perimeter maps to determine if any fires were missing or should be re-mapped. Each CAL FIRE Unit then generated a list of 300+ acre fires that started since 1989 using the CAL FIRE Emergency Activity Reporting System (EARS). The CAL FIRE personnel used this list to gather post-1989 perimeter maps for digitizing. The final product is a statewide GIS layer spanning the period 1950-1999.CAL FIRE has completed inventory for the majority of its historical perimeters back to 1950. BLM fire perimeters are complete from 2002 to the present. The USFS has submitted records as far back as 1878. The NPS records date to 1921.About the ProgramFRAP compiles fire perimeters and has established an on-going fire perimeter data capture process. CAL FIRE, the United States Forest Service Region 5, the Bureau of Land Management, and the National Park Service jointly develop the fire perimeter GIS layer for public and private lands throughout California at the end of the calendar year. Upon release, the data is current as of the last calendar year.The fire perimeter database represents the most complete digital record of fire perimeters in California. However it is still incomplete in many respects. Fire perimeter database users must exercise caution to avoid inaccurate or erroneous conclusions. For more information on potential errors and their source please review the methodology section of these pages.The fire perimeters database is an Esri ArcGIS file geodatabase with three data layers (feature classes):A layer depicting wildfire perimeters from contributing agencies current as of the previous fire year;A layer depicting prescribed fires supplied from contributing agencies current as of the previous fire year;A layer representing non-prescribed fire fuel reduction projects that were initially included in the database. Fuels reduction projects that are non prescribed fire are no longer included.All three are available in this layer. Additionally, you can find related web maps, view layers set up for individual years or decades, and tile layers here.Recommended Uses There are many uses for fire perimeter data. For example, it is used on incidents to locate recently burned areas that may affect fire behavior (see map left).Other uses include:Improving fire prevention, suppression, and initial attack success.Reduce and track hazards and risks in urban interface areas.Provide information for fire ecology studies for example studying fire effects on vegetation over time. Download the Fire Perimeter GIS data hereDownload a statewide map of Fire Perimeters hereSource: Fire and Resource Assessment Program (FRAP)