Global energy supply reached around *** exajoules in 2024. This represented an increase of roughly *** percent in comparison to 2023. In 2020, the coronavirus pandemic and its impact on transportation fuel demand and the overall economic performance resulted in primary energy consumption declining to 2016 levels. Nevertheless, worldwide energy consumption is projected to increase over the next few decades. Most common types of fuel Oil is the main primary energy fuel in the world, followed by other fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas. Each of these three sources had consumption levels of more than *** exajoules in 2023, while other fuel types were consumed considerably less. However, in recent years, renewables have become more frequently used as worldwide investment in clean energy has more than doubled since 2014. Energy industry performance Energy use rose consistently every year over the last two decades except for 2009 and 2020, following the global financial crisis and the aforementioned coronavirus pandemic. As fossil fuels remain the largest source of energy consumption, the prices of these commodities serve as an indicator of overall energy industry performance.

OECD Americas was the largest energy consumer in 1990, with a consumption of 110.7 quadrillion British thermal units. By 2020, non-OECD Asia was the largest consumer region worldwide and is expected to remain the leading consumer region by 2050, with a consumption of roughly 230 and 403 quadrillion British thermal units, respectively.

Global primary energy consumption has increased dramatically in recent years and is projected to continue to increase until 2045. Only renewable energy consumption is expected to increase between 2045 and 2050 and reach almost 30 percent of the global energy consumption. Energy consumption by country The distribution of energy consumption globally is disproportionately high among some countries. China, the United States, and India were by far the largest consumers of primary energy globally. On a per capita basis, Qatar, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, and Iceland had the highest per capita energy consumption. Renewable energy consumption Over the last two decades, renewable electricity consumption has increased to reach over 48.8 exajoules in 2024. Among all countries globally, China had the largest installed renewable energy capacity as of that year, followed by the United States.

Over the past half a century, the world's electricity consumption has continuously grown, reaching approximately 27,000 terawatt-hours by 2023. Between 1980 and 2023, electricity consumption more than tripled, while the global population reached eight billion people. Growth in industrialization and electricity access across the globe has further boosted electricity demand. China's economic rise and growth in global power use Since 2000, China's GDP has recorded an astonishing 15-fold increase, turning it into the second-largest global economy, behind only the United States. To fuel the development of its billion-strong population and various manufacturing industries, China requires more energy than any other country. As a result, it has become the largest electricity consumer in the world. Electricity consumption per capita In terms of per capita electricity consumption, China and other BRIC countries are still vastly outpaced by developed economies with smaller population sizes. Iceland, with a population of less than half a million inhabitants, consumes by far the most electricity per person in the world. Norway, Qatar, Canada, and the United States also have among the highest consumption rates. Multiple contributing factors, such as the existence of power-intensive industries, household sizes, living situations, appliance and efficiency standards, and access to alternative heating fuels, determine the amount of electricity the average person requires in each country.

This table expresses the use of renewable energy as gross final consumption of energy. Figures are presented in an absolute way, as well as related to the total energy use in the Netherlands. The total gross final energy consumption in the Netherlands (the denominator used to calculate the percentage of renewable energy per ‘Energy sources and techniques’) can be found in the table as ‘Total, including non-renewables’ and Energy application ‘Total’. The gross final energy consumption for the energy applications ‘Electricity’ and ‘Heat’ are also available. With these figures the percentages of the different energy sources and applications can be calculated; these values are not available in this table. The gross final energy consumption for ‘Transport’ is not available because of the complexity to calculate this. More information on this can be found in the yearly publication ‘Hernieuwbare energie in Nederland’.

Renewable energy is energy from wind, hydro power, the sun, the earth, heat from outdoor air and biomass. This is energy from natural processes that is replenished constantly.

The figures are broken down into energy source/technique and into energy application (electricity, heat and transport).

This table focuses on the share of renewable energy according to the EU Renewable Energy Directive. Under this directive, countries can apply an administrative transfer by purchasing renewable energy from countries that have consumed more renewable energy than the agreed target. For 2020, the Netherlands has implemented such a transfer by purchasing renewable energy from Denmark. This transfer has been made visible in this table as a separate energy source/technique and two totals are included; a total with statistical transfer and a total without statistical transfer.

Figures for 2020 and before were calculated based on RED I; in accordance with Eurostat these figures will not be modified anymore. Inconsistencies with other tables undergoing updates may occur.

Data available from: 1990

Status of the figures: This table contains definite figures up to and including 2022, figures for 2023 are revised provisional figures and figures for 2024 are provisional.

Changes as of July 2025: Compiling figures on solar electricity took more time than scheduled. Consequently, not all StatLine tables on energy contain the most recent 2024 data on production for solar electricity. This table contains the outdated data from June 2025. The most recent figures are 5 percent higher for 2024 solar electricity production. These figures are in these two tables (in Dutch): - StatLine - Zonnestroom; vermogen en vermogensklasse, bedrijven en woningen, regio - StatLine - Hernieuwbare energie; zonnestroom, windenergie, RES-regio Next update is scheduled in November 2025. From that moment all figures will be fully consistent again. We apologize for the inconvenience.

Changes as of june 2025: Figures for 2024 have been added.

Changes as of January 2025 Renewable cooling has been added as Energy source and technique from 2021 onwards, in accordance with RED II. Figures for 2020 and earlier follow RED I definitions, renewable cooling isn’t a part of these definitions.
The energy application “Heat” has been renamed to “Heating and cooling”, in accordance with RED II definitions. RED II is the current Renewable Energy Directive which entered into force in 2021

Changes as of November 15th 2024 Figures for 2021-2023 have been adjusted. 2022 is now definitive, 2023 stays revised provisional. Because of new insights for windmills regarding own electricity use and capacity, figures on 2021 have been revised.

Changes as of March 2024: Figures of the total energy applications of biogas, co-digestion of manure and other biogas have been restored for 2021 and 2022. The final energy consumption of non-compliant biogas (according to RED II) was wrongly included in the total final consumption of these types of biogas. Figures of total biogas, total biomass and total renewable energy were not influenced by this and therefore not adjusted.

When will new figures be published? Provisional figures on the gross final consumption of renewable energy in broad outlines for the previous year are published each year in June. Revised provisional figures for the previous year appear each year in June.

In November all figures on the consumption of renewable energy in the previous year will be published. These figures remain revised provisional, definite figures appear in November two years after the reporting year. Most important (expected) changes between revised provisional figures in November and definite figures a year later are the figures on solar photovoltaic energy. The figures on the share of total energy consumption in the Netherlands could also still be changed by the availability of adjusted figures on total energy consumption.

Germany DE: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 17.600 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 18.500 % for 2020. Germany DE: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 7.950 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2021, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18.500 % in 2020 and a record low of 2.000 % in 1991. Germany DE: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.;IEA, IRENA, UNSD, World Bank, WHO. 2023. Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report. World Bank, Washington DC. © World Bank. License: Creative Commons Attribution—NonCommercial 3.0 IGO (CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO).;Weighted average;

Compared to an electrification of 23 percent in 2020, the share of electricity used out of the total energy consumption worldwide is projected to increase to 28 percent in the planned energy scenario by 2050. However, the rate of electrification required to limit global warming to 1.5 °C is forecast to reach 30 percent by 2030.

The Global Energy Statistical Yearbook is an Enerdata's free online interactive data tool. It allows users to browse energy data through intuitive maps and graphs, for visual analysis of the latest trends in the energy industry and decarbonisation in G20. This open data tool provides users with access to energy-related statistics on production, consumption, and trade of oil, gas, coal, power, and renewables, as well as on CO2 emissions from fuel combustion. Geographically, it covers 60 countries and regions throughout the world, including updated data until 2018.

Global energy consumption is on an upward trajectory, with projections indicating a substantial increase from ***** quadrillion British thermal units in 2022 to ***** quadrillion British thermal units by 2050. This growth reflects the world's increasing energy needs, driven by population growth, economic development, and technological advancements. Shifting energy landscape While fossil fuels currently dominate the energy mix, accounting for nearly ** percent of global primary energy demand in 2022, a significant shift is expected in the coming decades. Renewable energy sources are projected to play an increasingly important role, with electricity generation from renewables expected to almost triple between 2022 and 2050. This transition is crucial for addressing climate change concerns and reducing carbon emissions. Regional disparities and future outlook Energy consumption patterns vary significantly across regions and economic development levels. In 2022, emerging economies, including China, consumed almost *** exajoules of energy, compared to about *** exajoules in developed countries. China is expected to maintain its position as the world's largest energy consumer by 2050. As global energy demand continues to rise, the challenge lies in balancing economic growth with sustainable energy practices and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.

Australia Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 12.300 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 11.200 % for 2020. Australia Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 8.400 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2021, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.300 % in 2021 and a record low of 6.700 % in 2005. Australia Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Australia – Table AU.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.;IEA, IRENA, UNSD, World Bank, WHO. 2023. Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report. World Bank, Washington DC. © World Bank. License: Creative Commons Attribution—NonCommercial 3.0 IGO (CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO).;Weighted average;

This indicator presents the share of seven types of fuel over the final residential energy consumption: solid fossil fuels, other fuels, oil and petroleum products, natural gas, electricity, heat and renewables and biofuels. The share of each fuel is expressed in per cent of the total consumption. The indicator has been chosen as a proxy for indicators in the key area 'Improving buildings' of the resource efficiency initiative. This area focuses on the energy spent in households for heating purposes and how the amelioration of buildings can contribute to energy-saving plans. Eurostat collects data on total energy consumption in households split by fuel category. More detailed data for energy consumption in households (e.g. energy for space heating, space cooling, water heating and cooking) will be collected in the future under the Commission Regulation (EU) No 431/2014 of 24 April 2014 amending Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on energy statistics, as regards the implementation of annual statistics on energy consumption in households. See also indicator 'Final energy consumption in households (t2020_rk200)'.

China is the largest consumer of primary energy in the world, having used some 176.35 exajoules in 2024. This is a lot more than what the United States consumed, which comes in second place. The majority of primary energy fuels worldwide are still derived from fossil fuels, such as oil and coal. China's energy mix China’s primary energy mix has shifted from a dominant use of coal to an increase in natural gas and renewable sources. Since 2013, the renewables share in total energy consumption has grown by around eight percentage points. Overall, global primary energy consumption has increased over the last decade, and it is expected to experience the largest growth in emerging economies like the BRIC countries - Brazil, Russia, India, and China. What is primary energy? Primary energy is the energy inherent in natural resources such as crude oil, coal, and wind before further transformation. For example, crude oil can be refined into secondary fuels, such as gasoline or diesel, while wind is harnessed for electricity - itself a secondary energy source. A country’s total primary energy supply is a measure of the country’s primary energy sources. Meanwhile, end-use energy is the energy directly consumed by the user and includes primary fuels such as natural gas, as well as secondary sources, like electricity and gasoline.

Chile CL: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 24.200 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 26.700 % for 2020. Chile CL: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 30.650 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2021, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 38.600 % in 1992 and a record low of 24.100 % in 2017. Chile CL: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Chile – Table CL.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.;IEA, IRENA, UNSD, World Bank, WHO. 2023. Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report. World Bank, Washington DC. © World Bank. License: Creative Commons Attribution—NonCommercial 3.0 IGO (CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO).;Weighted average;

Cuba CU: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 20.900 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 24.500 % for 2020. Cuba CU: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 25.400 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2021, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 51.300 % in 1992 and a record low of 15.600 % in 2010. Cuba CU: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Cuba – Table CU.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.;IEA, IRENA, UNSD, World Bank, WHO. 2023. Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report. World Bank, Washington DC. © World Bank. License: Creative Commons Attribution—NonCommercial 3.0 IGO (CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO).;Weighted average;

Canada CA: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 23.800 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 23.900 % for 2020. Canada CA: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 22.150 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2021, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23.900 % in 2020 and a record low of 19.700 % in 2003. Canada CA: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.;IEA, IRENA, UNSD, World Bank, WHO. 2023. Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report. World Bank, Washington DC. © World Bank. License: Creative Commons Attribution—NonCommercial 3.0 IGO (CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO).;Weighted average;

Embark on a journey towards a greener and more sustainable future with this enlightening dataset. Featuring renewable energy indicators spanning the years 2004 to 2020, this data is sourced from REN21, a trusted authority in renewable energy. Dive into the world of clean energy, exploring trends, progress, and innovations in renewable energy production and consumption. Whether you're an environmentalist, policymaker, or energy enthusiast, this dataset offers a comprehensive glimpse into the evolution of renewable energy on a global scale.

How it can be used:

Researchers and analysts can employ this dataset to study the growth and impact of renewable energy sources over nearly two decades. Analyzing the trends and indicators can inform policy decisions, investments, and energy transition strategies. It serves as a valuable resource for assessing the global shift towards clean and sustainable energy systems, providing essential data for research in the field of renewable energy economics and environmental studies.

Brazil BR: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data was reported at 46.500 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 50.000 % for 2020. Brazil BR: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data is updated yearly, averaging 45.750 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2021, with 32 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 50.000 % in 2020 and a record low of 41.300 % in 2001. Brazil BR: Renewable Energy Consumption: % of Total Final Energy Consumption data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.World Bank.WDI: Environmental: Energy Production and Consumption. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.;IEA, IRENA, UNSD, World Bank, WHO. 2023. Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report. World Bank, Washington DC. © World Bank. License: Creative Commons Attribution—NonCommercial 3.0 IGO (CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO).;Weighted average;

Fossil fuel energy consumption of Cameroon reduced by 2.64% from 23.5 % in 2021 to 22.9 % in 2022. Since the 1.02% increase in 2020, fossil fuel energy consumption slumped by 8.00% in 2022. Fossil fuel comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.

By "Final Energy Consumption" is meant all energy supplied to industry, transport, households, services and agriculture (it excludes deliveries to the energy transformation sector and the energy industries themselves). This quantity is relevant for measuring the energy consumption at final place of energy use and for comparing it to the Europe 2020 targets. The "Percentage of savings" is calculated using these values of 2005 and its forecast for 2020 targets in Directive 2012/27/EU; the Europe 2020 target is reached when this value reaches the level of 20%. More information about energy savings statistics can be found in Statistics Explained.

Global renewable energy consumption peaked at 21 petawatt-hours in 2023. Biomass accounted for approximately 60 percent of the total renewable energy consumed that year. In 2023, oil and coal were the main fuels used for primary energy worldwide.