Context

Information on more than 180,000 Terrorist Attacks

The Global Terrorism Database (GTD) is an open-source database including information on terrorist attacks around the world from 1970 through 2017. The GTD includes systematic data on domestic as well as international terrorist incidents that have occurred during this time period and now includes more than 180,000 attacks. The database is maintained by researchers at the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), headquartered at the University of Maryland. [More Information][1]

Content

Geography: Worldwide

Time period: 1970-2017, except 1993

Unit of analysis: Attack

Variables: >100 variables on location, tactics, perpetrators, targets, and outcomes

Sources: Unclassified media articles (Note: Please interpret changes over time with caution. Global patterns are driven by diverse trends in particular regions, and data collection is influenced by fluctuations in access to media coverage over both time and place.)

Definition of terrorism:

"The threatened or actual use of illegal force and violence by a non-state actor to attain a political, economic, religious, or social goal through fear, coercion, or intimidation."

See the [GTD Codebook][2] for important details on data collection methodology, definitions, and coding schema.

Acknowledgements

The Global Terrorism Database is funded through START, by the US Department of State (Contract Number: SAQMMA12M1292) and the US Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate’s Office of University Programs (Award Number 2012-ST-061-CS0001, CSTAB 3.1). The coding decisions and classifications contained in the database are determined independently by START researchers and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official views or policies of the United States Government.

[GTD Team][3]

Publications

The GTD has been leveraged extensively in [scholarly publications][4], [reports][5], and [media articles][6]. [Putting Terrorism in Context: Lessons from the Global Terrorism Database][7], by GTD principal investigators LaFree, Dugan, and Miller investigates patterns of terrorism and provides perspective on the challenges of data collection and analysis. The GTD's data collection manager, Michael Jensen, discusses important [Benefits and Drawbacks of Methodological Advancements in Data Collection and Coding][8].

Terms of Use

Use of the data signifies your agreement to the following [terms and conditions][9].

END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT WITH UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND

IMPORTANT – THIS IS A LEGAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU ("You") AND THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, a public agency and instrumentality of the State of Maryland, by and through the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (“START,” “US,” “WE” or “University”). PLEASE READ THIS END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT (“EULA”) BEFORE ACCESSING THE Global Terrorism Database (“GTD”). THE TERMS OF THIS EULA GOVERN YOUR ACCESS TO AND USE OF THE GTD WEBSITE, THE DATA, THE CODEBOOK, AND ANY AUXILIARY MATERIALS. BY ACCESSING THE GTD, YOU SIGNIFY THAT YOU HAVE READ, UNDERSTAND, ACCEPT, AND AGREE TO ABIDE BY THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS. IF YOU DO NOT ACCEPT THE TERMS OF THIS EULA, DO NOT ACCESS THE GTD.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

1. GTD means Global Terrorism Database data and the online user interface (www.start.umd.edu/gtd) produced and maintained by the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START). This includes the data and codebook, any auxiliary materials present, and the user interface by which the data are presented.

2. LICENSE GRANT. University hereby grants You a revocable, non-exclusive, non-transferable right and license to access the GTD and use the data, the codebook, and any auxiliary materials solely for non-commercial research and analysis.

3. RESTRICTIONS. You agree to NOT: a. publicly post or display the data, the codebook, or any auxiliary materials without express written permission by University of Maryland (this excludes publication of analysis or visualization of the data for non-commercial purposes); b. sell, license, sublicense, or otherwise distribute the data, the codebook, or any auxiliary materials to third parties for cash or other considerations; c. modify, hide, delete or interfere with any notices that are included on the GTD or the codebook, or any auxiliary materials; d. use the GTD to draw conclusions about the official legal status or criminal record of an individual, or the status of a criminal or civil investigation; e. interfere with or disrupt the GTD website or servers and networks connected to the GTD website; or f. use robots, spiders, crawlers, automated devices and similar technologies to screen-scrape the site or to engage in data aggregation or indexing of the da...

Content Geography: Worldwide

Time period: 1970-2017, except 1993

Unit of analysis: Attack

Variables: >100 variables on location, tactics, perpetrators, targets, and outcomes

Sources: Unclassified media articles (Note: Please interpret changes over time with caution. Global patterns are driven by diverse trends in particular regions, and data collection is influenced by fluctuations in access to media coverage over both time and place.)

Definition of terrorism:

"The threatened or actual use of illegal force and violence by a non-state actor to attain a political, economic, religious, or social goal through fear, coercion, or intimidation."

See the GTD Codebook for important details on data collection methodology, definitions, and coding schema.

Acknowledgements The Global Terrorism Database is funded through START, by the US Department of State (Contract Number: SAQMMA12M1292) and the US Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate’s Office of University Programs (Award Number 2012-ST-061-CS0001, CSTAB 3.1). The coding decisions and classifications contained in the database are determined independently by START researchers and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official views or policies of the United States Government.

GTD Team

Publications The GTD has been leveraged extensively in scholarly publications, reports, and media articles. Putting Terrorism in Context: Lessons from the Global Terrorism Database, by GTD principal investigators LaFree, Dugan, and Miller investigates patterns of terrorism and provides perspective on the challenges of data collection and analysis. The GTD's data collection manager, Michael Jensen, discusses important Benefits and Drawbacks of Methodological Advancements in Data Collection and Coding.

Terms of Use Use of the data signifies your agreement to the following terms and conditions.

END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT WITH UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND

IMPORTANT – THIS IS A LEGAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU ("You") AND THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, a public agency and instrumentality of the State of Maryland, by and through the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (“START,” “US,” “WE” or “University”). PLEASE READ THIS END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT (“EULA”) BEFORE ACCESSING THE Global Terrorism Database (“GTD”). THE TERMS OF THIS EULA GOVERN YOUR ACCESS TO AND USE OF THE GTD WEBSITE, THE DATA, THE CODEBOOK, AND ANY AUXILIARY MATERIALS. BY ACCESSING THE GTD, YOU SIGNIFY THAT YOU HAVE READ, UNDERSTAND, ACCEPT, AND AGREE TO ABIDE BY THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS. IF YOU DO NOT ACCEPT THE TERMS OF THIS EULA, DO NOT ACCESS THE GTD.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

GTD means Global Terrorism Database data and the online user interface (www.start.umd.edu/gtd) produced and maintained by the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START). This includes the data and codebook, any auxiliary materials present, and the user interface by which the data are presented.

LICENSE GRANT. University hereby grants You a revocable, non-exclusive, non-transferable right and license to access the GTD and use the data, the codebook, and any auxiliary materials solely for non-commercial research and analysis.

RESTRICTIONS. You agree to NOT: a. publicly post or display the data, the codebook, or any auxiliary materials without express written permission by University of Maryland (this excludes publication of analysis or visualization of the data for non-commercial purposes); b. sell, license, sublicense, or otherwise distribute the data, the codebook, or any auxiliary materials to third parties for cash or other considerations; c. modify, hide, delete or interfere with any notices that are included on the GTD or the codebook, or any auxiliary materials; d. use the GTD to draw conclusions about the official legal status or criminal record of an individual, or the status of a criminal or civil investigation; e. interfere with or disrupt the GTD website or servers and networks connected to the GTD website; or f. use robots, spiders, crawlers, automated devices and similar technologies to screen-scrape the site or to engage in data aggregation or indexing of the data, the codebook, or any auxiliary materials other than in accordance with the site’s robots.txt file.

YOUR RESPONSIBILITIES: a. All information sourced from the GTD should be acknowledged and cited as follows: "National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), University of Maryland. (2018). The Global Terrorism Database (GTD) [Data file]. Retrieved from https://www.start.umd.edu/gtd" b. You agree to acknowledge any copyrightable materials with a copyright notice “Copyright University of Maryland 2018.” c. Any modifications You make to the GTD for published analysis must be clearly documented and must not misrepresent an...

The global terrorism index systematically ranks countries of the world according to their terrorist activity. In 2024, Burkina Faso ranked first on the global terrorism index with a score of 8.58 points, making it the country most affected by terrorism on Earth. In 2023, the Democratic Republic of the Congo suffered from the fourth highest number of terrorist attacks.Additional information on the Global terrorism index The Global Terrorism Index is an annual ranking produced by the Institute for Economics and Peace. As even the definition of terrorism is hotly debated, it is essential to highlight that the methodologies used to measure terrorism are also contested. The Global Terrorism Index ranks 163 countries on four indicators weighted over five years. These four factors are: the number of terrorist incidents per year, the number of fatalities caused by terrorists per year, the number of injuries caused by terrorists per year, and total property damage caused by terrorism per year. Terrorist groups Terrorism comes in several forms from a variety of groups with differing intentions. Taliban regaining power in Afghanistan in 2021 can help explain the high ranking of Afghanistan, but the country has been plagued by terrorist activities for many decades. The operation of numerous groups alongside or in conflict with the Islamic State and the Taliban has led to Afghanistan falling victim to a high number of attacks. Moreover, IS now operates across several countries and regions, including in Burkina Faso. Economic damages On the non-human casualty side of the index, property loss is an important metric as loss of shelter or livelihood has a long lasting impact on those who survive the attack physically unharmed. The high percentage of attacks in advanced economies in the most expensive terrorist attacks by insured property loss demonstrates the limitation of using comparative financial data. Although the insured losses are lower in countries such as Iraq and Afghanistan, this does not suggest the impact of property loss is lower. The instability in these countries often makes insurance unaffordable for most citizens.

From 2007 to 2022, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) suffered from the highest number of terrorist attacks, reaching over 23,000 incidents as of 2022. The region with the second highest number of attacks, South Asia, recorded nearly 18,000 attacks during the same period.

Recent developments

While Afghanistan remains the country most impacted by terrorism in the world, there has been a global shift in the patterns of terrorist attacks since 2019. After the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria was defeated, the number of deaths from terrorist attacks in Middle East and North Africa as well as South Asia has been decreasing, whereas it has been increasing in Sub-Saharan Africa, with the Sahel region especially affected. Someone's terrorist is someone else's freedom fighter

In the Western World, much of the attention on terrorism has been on Islamist groups such as the Islamic State and Al-Qaida since 9/11. In the decades before, attacks conducted by nationalist groups such as ETA in Spain or IRA in Norther Ireland received much attention. While some saw these as brutal terrorists, other saw them as freedom fighters battling for their cause. Debate still exists over the labeling of certain groups fighting for political or religious reasons as terrorist organizations. This debate is reflected in the Kurdistan Workers’ Party, also known as the PKK, who operate in Iraq and Turkey are considered a terrorist group by NATO and the European Union, but not the United Nations and states such as China and Switzerland.

What is the Global Terrorism Index?

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F15766096%2Faed8416db7d6f6c5f52c06734c54332c%2FGTI-2023-map-graphic-scaled.jpg?generation=1694183696736365&alt=media" alt=""> The Global Terrorism Index (GTI) is a comprehensive study analysing the impact of terrorism for 163 countries covering 99.7 per cent of the world’s population.

The GTI report is produced by the Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP) using data from Terrorism Tracker and other sources. The GTI produces a composite score so as to provide an ordinal ranking of countries on the impact of terrorism. The GTI scores each country on a scale from 0 to 10; where 0 represents no impact from terrorism and 10 represents the highest measurable impact of terrorism.

Given the significant resources committed to counter-terrorism by governments across the world, it is important to analyse and aggregate the available data to better understand its various properties. One of the key aims of the GTI is to examine these trends. It also aims to help inform a positive, practical debate about the future of terrorism and the required policy responses.

Acknowledgement: - The data & image taken from Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP).

The ITERATE project is an attempt to quantify data on the characteristics of transnational terrorist groups, their activities which have international impact, and the environment in which they operate. ITERATE data are available in two formats: as MS Excel tables and as text-file narratives. The Excel Tables are available for download via this Dataverse record. For access to the text-file narratives, please contact the Map & Data Library, University of Toronto. ITERATE’s numeric version, in Excel format, covers 1968 through 2020, coding the incidents discussed in the textual chronologies. It combines four distinct and interrelated files which count the most salient components of international terrorism: Common File 1968-2019 - includes over 13,000 cases and 42 variables Hostage File 1968-2007 - coded characteristics of 1,410 terrorism incidents that involved hostage-taking, with 41 variables Fate File 1968-1987 - includes 974 incidents and14 variable Skyjack File 1968-1987 - includes over 372 skyjacking incidents and 27 variables All variables and values for the data have remained consistent. New values are added with the emergence of new terrorist groups and types of terrorist activity. Incident codes for each event are consistent across files, enabling immediate cross reference. See codebook for further information. The datasets are based upon, inter alia, an exhaustive search of major media, research, news and information services, including AP, UPI, Reuters, CNN , MSNB , AFP, The Washington Post, New York Times, LA Times, Time, Newsweek, and al-Jazeera. The chronology incorporates information obtained from interviews with government officials, scholars, and former hostages/others involved in international terrorist incidents. Additional sources include relevant manuscripts and scholarly publications dealing with the subject. Finally, the chronology uses many official government chronologies, including those published by the NCTC, FBI, CIA, US Department of State, and FAA. ITERATE Text and ITERATE Numeric data files were acquired in April 2021.

Problem Statement

Global terrorism is described as the activities involving violence and crime with the intention to promote religious or political ideologies across the world. Global terrorism mainly consists of violence, threats and intimidation for pressurizing the government, International group or community in general. Global Terrorism is a serious threat to the international community. Including, western individuals travelling or living abroad overseas and a substantial threat to indigenous individuals located near, or within unstable regions or areas of terrorist activity.

Globally, every region has recorded a higher average impact of terrorism in recent years than the early 2000s. The increase in the impact of terrorism was greatest felt in the Middle East and North Africa, followed by sub-Saharan Africa.

There is considered to be a heightened threat of terrorist attack globally, especially against western interests and nationals from groups, or individuals motivated by the recent conflicts in these areas.

What you have to do…

As a security/defense analyst, try to find out the hot zone of terrorism. Handle the missing value, Do compare the various region.... visualize it and showing it on global map would be better to understand.

Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism measures perceptions of the likelihood of political instability and/or politically motivated violence, including terrorism. This table lists the individual variables from each data source used to construct this measure in the Worldwide Governance Indicators Quality/Lineage: The data is downloaded from the above link http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/#home and manipulated only table format keeping the value same for all the countries as the requirement of the Strive database. The map is created based on the values of the country using rworldmap package in R.

Data are aggregated real-time from 38 of the world's largest sanction lists: - EU: Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) of the European Union (Sanctions EU) - EU: Financial Sanctions Files (FSF) - EU: EU Sanctions Map European Union - UN: Consolidated United Nations Security Council Sanctions List (UN Sanctions List) - UK: HR Treasury (HMT) Financial sanctions: Consolidated List of Targets (UK) - UK: Current List of designated persons, terrorism and terrorist financing - UK: UK Insolvency Disqualified Directors - UK: UK OFSI Consolidated List of Targets - USA: OFAC Consolidated (non-SDN) List - USA: OFAC Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) List (U.S. Treasury) - USA: OFAC Foreign Sanctions Evaders (FSE) List (U.S. Treasury) - USA: Sectoral Sanctions Identifications (SSI) List - USA: Palestinian Legislative Council (NS-PLC) list - USA: US BIS Denied Persons List - USA: US Trade Consolidated Screening List (CSL) - USA: The List of Foreign Financial Institutions Subject to Part 561 (the Part 561 List) - USA: Non-SDN Iranian Sanctions Act (NS-ISA) List - USA: List of Persons Identified as Blocked Solely Pursuant to Executive Order 13599 (the 13599 List) - AR: Argentine RePET - AUS: The Sanctions Consolidated List - BL: Consolidated List of the National Belgian List and of the List of European Sanctions - BL: Belgian Financial Sanctions
- CAN: Canadian Listed Terrorist Entities - CAN: Canadian Special Economic Measures Act Sanctions - CAN: Consolidated Canadian Autonomous Sanctions List - CH: Swiss SECO Sanctions/Embargoes - FR: French Freezing of Assets - IL: Israel Terrorists Organizations and Unauthorized Associations lists - JP: Japan Economic sanctions and list of eligible people - KG: Kyrgyz Nation List - KZ: Kazakh Terror Financing list - PL: Polish list of persons and entities subject to sanctions - RUS: Rosfinmonitoring WMD-related entities - SIN: Singapore Targeted Financial Sanctions - UA: Ukraine National Security Sanctions - UA: Ukraine SFMS Blacklist - UA: Ukraine NABC Sanctions Tracker - ZA: South African Targeted Financial Sanctions