The Employment Projections (EP) program develops information about the labor market for the Nation as a whole for 10 years in the future. For more information visit: https://www.bls.gov/emp/

The Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC) is a measure of the cost of labor. The compensation series includes wages and salaries plus employer costs for individual employee benefits. Employee benefit costs are calculated as cents-per-hour-worked for individual benefits ranging from employer payments for Social Security to paid time off for holidays. The survey covers all occupations in the civilian economy, which includes the total private economy (excluding farms and households), and the public sector (excluding the Federal government). Statistics are published for the private and public sectors separately, and the data are combined in a measure for the civilian economy.

For information and data, visit: https://www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/

National Compensation Survey - Benefits produces comprehensive data on the incidence (the percentage of workers with access to and participation in employer provided benefit plans) and provisions of selected employee benefit plans. The Employee Benefits Survey (EBS) is an annual survey of the incidence and provisions of selected benefits provided by employers. The data are presented as a percentage of employees who participate in a certain benefit, or as an average benefit provision (for example, the average number of paid holidays provided to employees per year). The survey covers paid leave benefits such as holidays and vacations, and person, funeral, jury duty, military, parental, and sick leave; sickness and accident, long-term disability, and life insurance; medical, dental, and vision care plans; defined benefit pension and defined contribution plans; flexible benefits plans; reimbursement accounts; and unpaid parental leave. Also, data are tabulated on the incidence of several other benefits, such as severance pay, child-care assistance, wellness programs, and employee assistance programs. For more information and data visit: https://www.bls.gov/ebs/

Replication package for "Business disruptions from social distancing"

Please cite as

Koren, Miklós and Rita Pető. 2020. "Replication package for «Business disruptions from social distancing»" [dataset] Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4012191

License and copyright

All text (*.md, *.txt, *.tex, *.pdf) are CC-BY-4.0. All code (*.do, Makefile) are subject to the 3-clause BSD license. All derived data (data/derived/*) are subject to Open Database License. Please respect to copyright and license terms of original data vendors (data/raw/*).

Data Availability Statements

The mobility data used in this paper (SafeGraph 2020) is proprietary, but may be obtained free of charge for COVID-19-related research from the COVID-19 Consortium. The authors are not affiliated with this consortium. Researchers interested in access to the data can apply at https://www.safegraph.com/covid-19-data-consortium (data manager: Ross Epstein, ross@safegraph.com). After signing a Data Agreement, access is granted within a few days. The Consortium does not require coauthorship and does not review or approve research results before publication. Datafiles used: /monthly-patterns/patterns_backfill/2020/05/07/12/2020/02/patterns-part[1-4].csv.gz (Monthly Places Patterns for February 2020, released May 7, 2020), /monthly-patterns/patterns/2020/06/05/06/patterns-part[1-4].csv.gz (Monthly Places Patterns for February 2020, released June 5, 2020) and /core/2020/06/Core-USA-June2020-Release-CORE_POI-2020_05-2020-06-06.zip (Core Places for June 2020, released June 6, 2020). The COVID-19 Consortium will keep these datafiles accessible for researchers. The authors will assist with any reasonable replication attempts for two years following publication.

All other data used in the analysis, including raw data, are available for reuse with permissive licenses. Raw data are saved in the folder data/raw/. The Makefile in each folder shows the URLs used to download the data.

SafeGraph

Citation

SafeGraph. "Patterns [dataset]"; 2020. Downloaded 2020-06-20.

License

Proprietary, see https://shop.safegraph.com/ or https://www.safegraph.com/covid-19-data-consortium (data manager: Ross Epstein, ross@safegraph.com)

O*NET

Citation

U.S. Department of Labor/Employment and Training Administration, 2020. "O*NET Online." Downloaded 2020-03-12.

License

CC-BY-4.0 https://www.onetonline.org/help/license

Current Employment Statistics

Citation

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2020. "Current Employment Statistics." https://www.bls.gov/ces/ Downloaded 2020-03-15.

License

Public domain: https://www.bls.gov/bls/linksite.htm

National Employment Matrix

Citation

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2018. "National Employment Matrix." https://www.bls.gov/emp/data/occupational-data.htm Downloaded 2020-03-15.

License

Public domain: https://www.bls.gov/bls/linksite.htm

Crosswalk

Citation

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2019. "O* NET-SOC to Occupational Outlook Handbook Crosswalk." https://www.bls.gov/emp/classifications-crosswalks/nem-onet-to-soc-crosswalk.xlsx Downloaded 2020-03-15.

License

Public domain: https://www.bls.gov/bls/linksite.htm

American Time Use Survey

Citation

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2018. “American Time Use Survey.” https://www.bls.gov/tus/.

We are using the following files:

• Respondent File
• Activity File
• Who File
• Replicate Weights
• Leave Module 2017-18

License

Data is in public domain.

County Business Patterns

Citation

U.S. Bureau of the Census. 2017. "County Business Patterns." Available at https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp.html

License

https://www.census.gov/data/developers/about/terms-of-service.html

Dataset list

Raw data

| Data file | Source | Notes | Provided |

|-----------|--------|----------|----------|

| data/raw/bls/industry-employment/ces.txt | BLS Current Employment Statistics | Public domain | Yes |

| data/raw/bls/atus/*.dat | BLS Time Use Survey | Public domain | Yes |

| data/raw/bls/employment-matrix/matrix.xlsx | BLS National Employment Matrix | Public domain | Yes |

| data/raw/bls/crosswalk/matrix.xlsx | ONET-SOC to Occupational Outlook Handbook Crosswalk | Public domain | Yes |

| data/raw/onet/*.csv | ONET Online | Creative Commons 4.0 | Yes |

| data/raw/census/cbp/*.txt | County Business Patterns | Public domain | Yes |

| not-included/safegraph/02/*.csv| SafeGraph | Available with Data Agreement with SafeGraph | No |

| not-included/safegraph/05/*.csv| SafeGraph | Available with Data Agreement with SafeGraph | No |

Clean data

| Data file | Source | Notes | Provided |

|-----------|--------|----------|----------|

| data/clean/industry-employment/industry-employment.dta | BLS Current Employment Statistics | Public domain | Yes |

| data/clean/time-use/atus.dta | BLS Time Use Survey | Public domain | Yes |

| data/clean/employment-matrix/matrix.dta | BLS National Employment Matrix | Public domain | Yes |

| data/clean/onet/risks.csv | ONET Online | Creative Commons 4.0 | Yes |

| data/clean/cbp/zip_code_business_patterns.dta | County Business Patterns | Public domain | Yes |

Derived data

| Data file | Source | Notes | Provided |

|-----------|--------|----------|----------|

| data/derived/occupation/* | Various sources | Public domain | Yes |

| data/derived/time-use/atus_working_at_home_occupationlevel.dta | BLS Time Use Survey | Public domain | Yes |

| data/derived/crosswalk/* | Various sources | Public domain | Yes |

| not-included/safegraph/naics-zip-??.csv| SafeGraph | Available with Data Agreement with SafeGraph | Yes, with permission of SafeGraph |

| data/derived/visit/visit-change.dta| SafeGraph | Aggregated to 3-digit NAICS industries | Yes, with permission of SafeGraph |

Computational requirements

Software Requirements

• Stata (code was last run with version 16.1)
  • estout (from http://www.stata-journal.com/software/sj14-2/)
  • running make install from the root of the folder will install estout locally, and should be run once.

Portions of the code use bash scripting (make, wget, head, tail), which may require Linux or Mac OS X.

The entry point for analysis is analysis/Makefile, which can be run by GNU Make on any Unix-like system by

cd analysis
make

The dependence of outputs on code and input data is captured in the respective Makefiles.

We have used Mac OS X, but all the code should run on Linux and Windows platforms, too.

Hardware

The analysis takes a few minutes on a standard laptop.

Description of programs

1. Raw data are in data/raw/. This data is saved as it has been received from the data publisher, downloaded by the respective Makefiles. Each folder has a README.md with data citation and license terms.
2. Clean data are in data/clean/. Each folder has a Makefile that specifies the steps of data cleaning.
3. Analysis data are in data/derived/. Each folder has a Makefile that

Graph and download economic data for All Employees, Government (USGOVT) from Jan 1939 to Jun 2025 about establishment survey, government, employment, and USA.

This collection provides data on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 15 years old and over. Also shown are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin. The Displaced Worker supplement questions were asked of all persons aged 20 years or older who lost a job involuntarily within the last three years based on operating decisions of a firm, plant, or business in which the worker was employed. Data are provided on reasons for job displacement, industry and occupation of the former job, group health insurance coverage, job tenure, and weekly earnings. Additional data refer to periods of unemployment as well as number of jobs held, use of unemployment benefits, whether residence was changed to seek work in another area, current health insurance coverage, and current weekly earnings. The employee tenure and occupational mobility questions were asked of all persons 15 years and older who were employed during the reference week. (Source: downloaded from ICPSR 7/13/10)

Please Note: This dataset is part of the historical CISER Data Archive Collection and is also available at ICPSR -- https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR03169.v3. We highly recommend using the ICPSR version as they made this dataset available in multiple data formats.

The National Compensation Survey (NCS) is an annual survey of the incidence and provisions of selected benefits provided by employers. The survey collects data from a sample of approximately 18,000 private sector and State and local government establishments. The data are presented as a percentage of employees with access to employee benefit programs and for some benefits, percentage of employees who participate in them.

Data are provided on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry for persons aged 15 and older. Also shown are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin. The Displaced Worker questions were asked of all persons aged 20 and older who lost a job involuntarily within the last three years based on operating decisions of a firm, plant, or business in which the worker was employed. Data are provided on reasons for job displacement, industry and occupation of the former job, group health insurance coverage, job tenure, and weekly earnings. Additional data refer to periods of unemployment as well as number of jobs held, use of unemployment benefits, whether residence was changed to seek work in another area, current health insurance coverage, and current weekly earnings. The employee tenure and occupational mobility questions were asked of all persons aged 15 and older who were employed during the reference week. (Source: downloaded from ICPSR 7/13/10)

Graph and download economic data for All Employees, Federal (CES9091000001) from Jan 1939 to Jun 2025 about establishment survey, federal, government, employment, and USA.

This collection provides data on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are available on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and over. Also shown are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Hispanic origin. The displaced worker questions were asked of all persons aged 20 years and older who lost a job involuntarily within the last three years based on operating decisions of a firm, plant, or business. Data are provided on reasons for job displacement, industry and occupation of the former job, group health insurance coverage, job tenure, and weekly earnings. Additional data refer to periods of unemployment as well as number of jobs held, use of unemployment benefits, whether residence was changed to seek work in another area, current health insurance coverage, and current weekly earnings. The employee tenure questions were asked of all persons 15 years and older who were employed during the reference week. (Source: downloaded from ICPSR 7/13/10)

Please Note: This dataset is part of the historical CISER Data Archive Collection and is also available at ICPSR at https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02574.v1. We highly recommend using the ICPSR version as they may make this dataset available in multiple data formats in the future.

Historical Employment Statistics 1990 - current. The Current Employment Statistics (CES) more information program provides the most current estimates of nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings data by industry (place of work) for the nation as a whole, all states, and most major metropolitan areas. The CES survey is a federal-state cooperative endeavor in which states develop state and sub-state data using concepts, definitions, and technical procedures prescribed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Estimates produced by the CES program include both full- and part-time jobs. Excluded are self-employment, as well as agricultural and domestic positions. In Connecticut, more than 4,000 employers are surveyed each month to determine the number of the jobs in the State. For more information please visit us at http://www1.ctdol.state.ct.us/lmi/ces/default.asp.

This dataset includes information on labor force activity for the week prior to the survey. Comprehensive data are provided on the employment status, occupation, and industry of persons 14 years old and over. Also included are personal characteristics such as age, sex, race, marital status, veteran status, household relationship, educational background, and Spanish origin. The supplement includes data on pension and retirement plan coverage through employer- or union-sponsored retirement plans, as well as individual retirement plans (IRAs) and Keoghs. Questions were asked of all persons employed for pay in four rotation groups common to the March 1988 Current Population Survey (CPS). Income and work experience data from the March income supplement are also included for individuals in these four rotation groups. In addition, the May supplement file was matched to the June CPS file to pick up that month's earnings data, and it was matched to the March income supplement to pick up detailed income information. The May supplement can be viewed as having three distinct parts: CPS labor force data, employee benefits supplement data, and March income data. (Source: downloaded from ICPSR 7/13/10)

Please Note: This dataset is part of the historical CISER Data Archive Collection and is also available at ICPSR at https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR09316.v1. We highly recommend using the ICPSR version as they may make this dataset available in multiple data formats in the future.