In 2022, the total permanent resident population of Xinjiang autonomous region in China amounted to around 25.87 million inhabitants. Xinjiang autonomous region is located in Western China.

The complex topography of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China with three major mountains and two basins has hindered large-scale human migrations, admixture and assimilation. Essentially, the specific history and population structure of Uyghurs in Xinjiang has remained a matter of contention for a long time. Here, we explored the genetic history of the Uyghurs (n=546) from 5 geographical regions using 27 Y-STR markers.Population structure analysis supported the Uyghurs were genetically closer to Central Asian than other populations. We also observed slight difference between northern Xinjiang and southern Xinjiang. We unveiled a more complex genetic structure and ancestral admixture history of Uyghurs, which suggested early human activities happening in Xinjiang.

This statistic depicts the per capita disposable income of Xinjiang province from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, Xinjiang's per capita disposable income amounted to around 28,947 yuan, up from about 27,063 yuan in the previous year.

This graph illustrates the Muslim population in China as of 2010 and 2020, by ethnicity. Out of the approximately 26 million Muslims living in China by 2020, the majority were Uyghurs, closely followed by Hui with more than 10 million people.

Based on data from various sources, there were around nearly 10,000 mosques in China's Kashgar region. Kashgar is part of China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and ranks first in terms of mosques in Xinjiang. The city Kashgar is the westernmost city in China.

Socio-demographic characteristics of the population.

Multivariable association of diabetic complication control with selected risk factors (reference: rural population).