Arctic permafrost soils are important reservoirs of contaminants on time scales ranging from days to millennia. The extensive work in the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP) on Arctic contaminants highlights an acute lack of data on contaminants in Arctic soils, particularly below the permafrost table. Here we describe the work carried out on analyses of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in permafrost soils, in the Canadian study area at Ptarmigan Bay (Yukon, CA). Hexachlorobenzene, 13 congeners of Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and 16 individual Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have been analysed in 95 active layer and permafrost core samples. The concentrations have been determined by using Thermo Scientific Dionex ASE 350 and Gas Chromatography - Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (Trace 1310 GC coupled with TSQ9000 TQMS, Thermo Scientific), following previously reported methods for the determination of organic contaminants in the atmospheric matrix and dry and wet deposition in the Venice Lagoon and the Antarctic atmospheric gas and particle phase (Gambaro et al., 2009; Piazza et al., 2013).

The concentration of HCB, 54 congeners PCBs and 22 individual PAHs in 89 active layer and permafrost core samples from Komakuk Beach have been determined by using Accelerated Solvent Extraction (Thermo Scientific Dionex ASE 350) and Gas Chromatography - Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (Trace 1310 GC coupled with TSQ9000 TQMS, Thermo Scientific) at CNR-ISP Venice, Italy.

The objective of this project is to maintain current data on contaminants levels in lake trout from two Yukon lakes (Laberge and Kusawa) to continue to assess the temporal trends of contaminants such as trace metals (e.g. mercury, selenium, arsenic), organochlorine contaminants (e.g. PCBs, DDT, toxaphene), selected current use chemicals such as brominated flame retardants (e.g. PBDEs), and fluorinated organic compounds (e.g. PFOS and its precursors) so as to determine whether the levels of these contaminants in fish, and thus exposure to people who consume them, are increasing or decreasing with time. These results will also help to test the effectiveness of international controls. The project partners with three First Nations who hold traditional territory on these lakes (Taan Kwachan Council, Champagne and Aishihik First Nations and Kwanlin Dun First Nation) to sample the fish and engage with youth and elders to foster dialogue on contaminants and local and indigenous knowledge.

PDF Map of FCC Form 477 provider reported maximum download speeds by census block for January - June 2020. This map seeks to highlight areas that are undeserved by terrestrial broadband (fiber/cable/dsl on the ground), with "underserved" defined as down/up speeds less than 25/3 Mbps.These data represent a static snapshot of provider reported coverage between January 2020 and June 2020. Maps also depict the locations of federally recognized tribes, Alaskan communities, ANCSA and borough boundaries.Broadband coverage is represented using provider reported speeds under the FCC Form 477 the amalgamated broadband speed measurement category based on Form 477 "All Terrestrial Broadband" as a proxy for coverage. This field is unique to the NBAM platform. These maps do not include satellite internet coverage (and may not include microwave coverage through the TERRA network for all connected areas).This map was produced by DCRA using data provided by NTIA through the NBAM platform as part of a joint data sharing agreement undertaken in the year 2021. Maps were produced using the feature layer "NBAM Data by Census Geography v4": https://maps.ntia.gov/arcgis/home/item.html?id=8068e420210542ba8d2b02c1c971fb20Coverage is symbolized using the following legend:No data avalible or no terrestrial coverage: Grey or transparent< 10 Mbps Maximum Reported Download: Red10-25 Mbps Maximum Reported Download: Orange25-50 Mbps Maximum Reported Download: Yellow50-100 Mbps Maximum Reported Download: Light Blue100-1000 Mbps Maximum Reported Download: Dark Blue_Description from layer "NBAM Data by Census Geography v4":This layer is a composite of seven sublayers with adjacent scale ranges: States, Counties, Census Tracts, Census Block Groups, Census Blocks, 100m Hexbins and 500m Hexbins. Each type of geometry contains demographic and internet usage data taken from the following sources: US Census Bureau 2010 Census data (2010) USDA Non-Rural Areas (2013) FCC Form 477 Fixed Broadband Deployment Data (Jan - Jun 2020) Ookla Consumer-Initiated Fixed Wi-Fi Speed Test Results (Jan - Jun 2020) FCC Population, Housing Unit, and Household Estimates (2019). Note that these are derived from Census and other data. BroadbandNow Average Minimum Terrestrial Broadband Plan Prices (2020) M-Lab (Jan - Jun 2020)Some data values are unique to the NBAM platform: US Census and USDA Rurality values. For units larger than blocks, block count (urban/rural) was used to determine this. Some tracts and block groups have an equal number of urban and rural blocks—so a new coded value was introduced: S (split). All blocks are either U or R, while tracts and block groups can be U, R, or S. Amalgamated broadband speed measurement categories based on Form 477. These include: 99: All Terrestrial Broadband Plus Satellite 98: All Terrestrial Broadband 97: Cable Modem 96: DSL 95: All Other (Electric Power Line, Other Copper Wireline, Other) Computed differences between FCC Form 477 and Ookla values for each area. These are reflected by six fields containing the difference of maximum, median, and minimum upload and download speed values.The FCC Speed Values method is applied to all speeds from all data sources within the custom-configured Omnibus service pop-up. This includes: Geography: State, County, Tract, Block Group, Block, Hex Bins geographies Data source: all data within the Omnibus, i.e. FCC, Ookla, M-Lab Representation: comparison tables and single speed values

Air monitoring of POPs and Hg has taken place at Alert, Nunavut, Canada and Ny Ålesund, Norway since the 1990s under the Northern Contaminants Program (NCP) of Canada and the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), respectively. Through the International Polar Year (IPY) INCATPA project, stations on both sides of the Pacific Ocean have been initiated for air sampling of POPs and mercury (Hg). These include Little Fox Lakes, Yukon (POPs and Hg); Valkarkai, Russia (POPs); Dillingham and Fairbanks, Alaska (POPs); Barrow, Alaska (Hg); Waliguan, Wudalianchi and Xuancheng, China (POPs); Mt. Changbai, China (Hg); Hedo, Japan (POPs); and Ba Vi, Vietnam (POPs). All IPY sampling activities were completed in spring 2010. A few stations continue to operate, supported by other programs, as a legacy of IPY. We continue Hg measurements in air at Whistler, B.C.; Barrow, Alaska; Amderma, Russia; and Mt. Changbai, China. At Little Fox Lakes, Yukon, Hg measurements continue under NCP. Pumped air measurements of POPs at this site completed in October 2009 and a new flowthrough-type air sampler, which can operate without electricity, was installed in an attempt to catch trans-Pacific transport in spring 2010. Mercury modelling transport studies have shown that Asia is the single greatest source of atmospheric mercury in the Arctic, contributing ~30% of the mercury input. This information is useful to policy makers at the international negotiating table striving to achieve the appropriate restrictions on release of pollutants of concern for the Arctic environment. Measurement results show that a gr oup of toxic combustion by-product, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), detected in Yukon air was related to sources in North America, Asia and northern Europe, e.g. from wildfires in California and Asia, and oil and gas production platforms throughout the Arctic. Mercury deposition from air at Alert has changed between 1995 and 2007. This change shows a complex relationship with local temperature and wind direction. A warming Arctic may also release POPs previously deposited in ice/snow and oceans back into the air, making them once again available for circulation around the globe, altering human and wildlife exposures. The influence of climate change must be considered to reduce the exposure to toxic chemicals in the Arctic.

There were over one million registered Indians in Canada as of December 2020. The region with the largest Indian population was Ontario, with 222 thousand, followed by Manitoba, which counted 164 thousand Indians. The regions with the smallest Indian populations were Yukon, and Northwest Territories.

Nombre estimé de personnes selon le trimestre de l'année et l'année, Canada, provinces et territoires.