The median house prices in the most expensive zip codes in New England, United States ranged from *** to *** million U.S. dollars. Boston (zip code 02199) was the most expensive in New England with a median house price of *** million U.S. dollars. Nevertheless, that was more affordable than in the ten zip codes with the highest median house price in the entire United States.

Demographics, population, housing, income, education, schools, and geography for ZIP Code 58647 (New England, ND). Interactive charts load automatically as you scroll for improved performance.

March 2024

This data collection relates ZIP codes to counties, to standard metropolitan statistical areas (SMSAs), and, in New England, to minor civil divisions (MCDs). The relationships between ZIP codes and other geographical units are based on 1979 boundaries, and changes since that time are not reflected. The Census Bureau used various sources to determine ZIP code-county or ZIP code-MCD relationships. In the cases where the sources were confusing or contradictory as to the geographical boundaries of a ZIP code, multiple ZIP-code records (each representing the territory contained in that ZIP-code area) were included in the data file. As a result, the file tends to overstate the ZIP code-county or ZIP code-MCD crossovers. The file is organized by ZIP code and is a byproduct of data used to administer the 1980 Census. Variables include ZIP codes, post office names, FIPS state and county codes, county or MCD names, and SMSA codes. (Source: downloaded from ICPSR 7/13/10)

Please Note: This dataset is part of the historical CISER Data Archive Collection and is also available at ICPSR at https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08051.v1. We highly recommend using the ICPSR version as they may make this dataset available in multiple data formats in the future.

TIGER, TIGER/Line, and Census TIGER are registered trademarks of the U.S. Census Bureau. ZCTA is a trademark of the U.S. Census Bureau. The Census 2000 TIGER/Line files are an extract of selected geographic and cartographic information from the Census TIGER data base. The geographic coverage for a single TIGER/Line file is a county or statistical equivalent entity, with the coverage area based on January 1, 2000 legal boundaries. A complete set of Census 2000 TIGER/Line files includes all counties and statistically equivalent entities in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Island Areas. The Census TIGER data base represents a seamless national file with no overlaps or gaps between parts. However, each county-based TIGER/Line file is designed to stand alone as an independent data set or the files can be combined to cover the whole Nation. The Census 2000 TIGER/Line files consist of line segments representing physical features and governmental and statistical boundaries. The boundary information in the TIGER/Line files are for statistical data collection and tabulation purposes only; their depiction and designation for statistical purposes does not constitute a determination of jurisditional authority or rights of ownership or entitlement. The Census 2000 TIGER/Line files do NOT contain the Census 2000 urban areas which have not yet been delineated. The files contain information distributed over a series of record types for the spatial objects of a county. There are 17 record types, including the basic data record, the shape coordinate points, and geographic codes that can be used with appropriate software to prepare maps. Other geographic information contained in the files includes attributes such as feature identifiers/census feature class codes (CFCC) used to differentiate feature types, address ranges and ZIP Codes, codes for legal and statistical entities, latitude/longitude coordinates of linear and point features, landmark point features, area landmarks, key geographic features, and area boundaries. The Census 2000 TIGER/Line data dictionary contains a complete list of all the fields in the 17 record types. Note: Complete metadata is available within the downloaded zip file. This metadata can be viewed with ESRI ArcGIS software, and can be exported to FGDC and ISO metadata formats.

Fleet diversification and increases in energy efficiency continue to weaken the revenue-generating ability of motor fuels taxes (colloquially, “gas taxes”), which are a large source of funding for transportation projects. While alternative funding schemes are necessary, consensus amongst policymakers is lacking and public acceptance of changes to the gas tax is low. We surveyed residents of Vermont, Maine, and New Hampshire to gauge understanding of and support for a mileage fee and a flat fee as potential replacements for the gas tax. Throughout the survey, respondents were provided information and learning opportunities to “myth bust” common misconceptions about the gas tax and the potential policy alternatives. We find that, before education, respondents knew very little about how the current gas tax works and showed minimal support for the proposed policy alternatives. Post-education, support for mileage fees increased by 11%, and the impact of the education was statistically significant in increasing policy support. Additional regression models revealed that while perceptions of fairness may not be easily changed with education in a survey format, presenting respondents with personalized cost estimates was a highly effective way to increase policy support. Overall, we find responding to common public concerns with up-to-date and non-biased information within a relatively simple learning experience can cause substantial changes in policy support. Our findings offer an avenue to understand how support for gas tax alternatives varies amongst different groups of people and the role that education can play in increasing policy support in the face of widespread misconceptions. Methods We created an internet-based survey to gather public opinion on a $0.015 per mile travelled fee (mileage fee) and a $220 per year per vehicle fee (flat fee) to replace state gas taxes in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. The survey was fielded between May 6th and June 3rd of 2022 using Qualtrics paid survey panelists. Each state was surveyed to ensure 210 usable responses per state. A total of 658 complete responses were collected. In the survey, respondents were presented with voting opportuntities (Do you support replacing the gas tax with a mileage fee? Do you support replacing the gas tax with a flat fee?), followed by educational treatments. The order was as follows: Voting Opportunity 1, Education Treatment 1 (respondents presented with personalized cost estimates for each type of fee based on their provided vehicle information), Voting Opportunity 2, Educational Treatment 2 (respondents watched an educational video developed for the purposes of this research discussing mileage fee privacy and mileage collection options as well as the equity / fairness of a gas tax compared to mileage fees and flat fees as is currently understood in the transportation funding / policy literature), Voting Opportunity 3, Reflection / Comment section, Demographics. Respondents provided zip codes in the demographics section. These were spatially intersected with USDA RUCA codes to create a community-type variable. The RUCA codes were then aggregated to a smaller set of variables for modelling as shown below.

RUCA Code

Description

Aggregated RUCA Codes

1

Metropolitan area core: primary flow within urbanized area

Area core

2

Metropolitan area high commuting: primary flow 30% or more to a UA

High commuting

3

Metropolitan area low commuting: primary flow 10% to 30% to a UA

Rural

4

Micropolitan area core: primary flow within an urban cluster of 10,000 to 49,999 (large UC)

Area core

5

Micropolitan area high commuting: primary flow 30% or more to a large UC

High commuting

6

Micropolitan area low commuting: primary flow 10% to 30% to a large UC

Rural

7

Small town core: primary flow within an urban cluster of 2,500 to 9,999 (UC)

Area core

8

Small town high commuting: primary flow 30% or more to a UC

High commuting

9

Small town low commuting: primary flow 10% to 30% to a UC

Rural

10

Rural areas: primary flow to a tract outside a UA or UC

Rural

Respondents provided responses to 15 questions about various attitudes and beliefs using a 5-point Likert scale. Common factor analysis with the primary axis method (a maximum likelihood approach) in the R psych package was used to create a reduced number of variables that capture a latent and broader set of attitudes and beliefs held by respondents. A parallel analysis scree plot was used to identify the number of factors and an orthogonal (varimax) rotation was used to develop final factor loadings. Factor scores were estimated for each respondent using the Thurston method (a regression approach) in the R psych package and used in our regression modeling. For any additional questions, feel free to contact the researchers (Clare Nelson and Gregory Rowangould) at clare.nelson@uvm.edu or gregory.rowangould@uvm.edu.

The 2015 TIGER Geodatabases are extracts of selected nation based and state based geographic and cartographic information from the U.S. Census Bureau's Master Address File/Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (MAF/TIGER) database. The geodatabases include feature class layers of information for the fifty states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Island areas (American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, and the United States Virgin Islands). The geodatabases do not contain any sensitive data. The 2015 TIGER Geodatabases are designed for use with Esriâ s ArcGIS.

        The National Nation-Level Geography Geodatabase contains multiple nation-based layers reflecting the selected geography. These layers are the
        5-Digit ZIP Code Tabulation Area, Combined New England City and Town Area, Combined Statistical Area, Core Based Statistical Area, Metropolitan
        Division, New England City and Town Area, New England City and Town Area Division, State and Urban Area layers.

TIGER, TIGER/Line, and Census TIGER are registered trademarks of the U.S. Census Bureau. ZCTA is a trademark of the U.S. Census Bureau. The Census 2000 TIGER/Line files are an extract of selected geographic and cartographic information from the Census TIGER data base. The geographic coverage for a single TIGER/Line file is a county or statistical equivalent entity, with the coverage area based on January 1, 2000 legal boundaries. A complete set of Census 2000 TIGER/Line files includes all counties and statistically equivalent entities in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Island Areas. The Census TIGER data base represents a seamless national file with no overlaps or gaps between parts. However, each county-based TIGER/Line file is designed to stand alone as an independent data set or the files can be combined to cover the whole Nation. The Census 2000 TIGER/Line files consist of line segments representing physical features and governmental and statistical boundaries. The boundary information in the TIGER/Line files are for statistical data collection and tabulation purposes only; their depiction and designation for statistical purposes does not constitute a determination of jurisditional authority or rights of ownership or entitlement. The Census 2000 TIGER/Line files do NOT contain the Census 2000 urban areas which have not yet been delineated. The files contain information distributed over a series of record types for the spatial objects of a county. There are 17 record types, including the basic data record, the shape coordinate points, and geographic codes that can be used with appropriate software to prepare maps. Other geographic information contained in the files includes attributes such as feature identifiers/census feature class codes (CFCC) used to differentiate feature types, address ranges and ZIP Codes, codes for legal and statistical entities, latitude/longitude coordinates of linear and point features, landmark point features, area landmarks, key geographic features, and area boundaries. The Census 2000 TIGER/Line data dictionary contains a complete list of all the fields in the 17 record types. Note: Complete metadata is available within the downloaded zip file. This metadata can be viewed with ESRI ArcGIS software, and can be exported to FGDC and ISO metadata formats.

This is the ONS Postcode Directory (ONSPD) for the United Kingdom as at February 2024 in Comma Separated Variable (CSV) and ASCII text (TXT) formats. This file contains the multi CSVs so that postcode areas can be opened in MS Excel. To download the zip file click the Download button. The ONSPD relates both current and terminated postcodes in the United Kingdom to a range of current statutory administrative, electoral, health and other area geographies. It also links postcodes to pre-2002 health areas, 1991 Census enumeration districts for England and Wales, 2001 Census Output Areas (OA) and Super Output Areas (SOA) for England and Wales, 2001 Census OAs and SOAs for Northern Ireland and 2001 Census OAs and Data Zones (DZ) for Scotland. It now contains 2021 Census OAs and SOAs for England, Wales and Northern Ireland. It helps support the production of area-based statistics from postcoded data. The ONSPD is produced by ONS Geography, who provide geographic support to the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and geographic services used by other organisations. The ONSPD is issued quarterly. (File size - 231 MB) Please note that this product contains Royal Mail, Gridlink, LPS (Northern Ireland), Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights.

This is the ONS Postcode Directory (ONSPD) for the West Midlands Combined Authorities, containing comprehensive postcode data for the region.

The ONS Postcode Directory relates both current and terminated postcodes in the United Kingdom to a wide range of current statutory administrative, electoral, health and other area geographies. It also links postcodes to pre-2002 health areas, 1991 Census enumeration districts for England and Wales, 2001 Census Output Areas (OA) and Super Output Areas (SOA) for England and Wales, as well as Wards and Constituencies.

Every postcode record in the ONSPD is produced by ONS Geography, who provide geographic support to the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and geographic services used by other organisations. The postcode data is issued quarterly. Please note that this product contains Royal Mail, Gridlink, LPS (Northern Ireland), Ordnance Survey and ONS Intellectual Property Rights.

Data is updated quarterly. See https://geoportal.statistics.gov.uk/ for the full release schedule.To view previous versions see the Snapshots section on the Export tab.

      ℹ️

        Release



            August 2025

⚠️

Important Note

 Since the August 2024 release, the dataset now includes the new 2024 constituencies. You can use our Boundaries - Constituencies (2024) dataset to work with this new geography.
 This dataset will always contain the latest iteration of the postcodes file, ensuring you have access to the most up-to-date postcode mapping for analysis.