The Zip folder contains a range of key GIS boundary files for ESRI and Map Info covering Greater London. The folder includes: - Output Area (OA) 2011, - Lower Super Output Area (LSOA) 2004 and 2011, - Middle Super Output Area (MSOA) 2004 and 2011, - London Wards (two files: City of London merged into single area and split into seperate wards). There are separate download file for 2014 & 2018 boundaries. - London Boroughs Note: The OA to MSOA boundaries have been generalised to reduce file size/loading time. On maps created using these boundaries the copyright must be stated. This is: "Contains National Statistics data © Crown copyright and database right [2015]" and "Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right [2015]" For more information about boundary data sharing read these Terms and Conditions of Supply.

London Heat Map --------------- The London Heat Map is a tool designed to help you identify areas of high heat demand, explore opportunities for new and expanding district heat networks and to draw potential heat networks and assess their financial feasibility. The new version of the London Heat Map was created for the Greater London Authority by the Centre for Sustainable Energy (CSE) in July 2019. The London Heat Map is regularly updated with new network data and other datasets. Background datasets such as building heat demand was last updated on 26/06/2023. The London Heatmap is a map-based web application you can use to find and appraise opportunities for decentralised energy (DE) projects in London. The map covers the whole of Greater London, and provides very local information to help you identify and develop DE opportunities, including data such as: * Heat demand values for each building * Locations of potential heat supply sites * Locations of existing and proposed district heating networks * A spatial heat demand density map layer The map also includes a user-friendly visual tool for heat network design. This is intended to support preliminary techno-economic appraisal of potential district heat networks. The London Heat Map is used by a wide variety of people in numerous ways: * London Boroughs can use the new map to help develop their energy master plans. * Property developers can use the map to help them meet the decentralised energy policies in the London Plan. * Energy consultants can use the map to gather initial data to inform feasibility studies. More information is available here, and an interactive map is available here. Building-level estimated annual and peak heat demand data from the London Heat Map has been made available through the data extracts below. The data was last updated on 26/06/2023. The data contains Ordnance Survey mapping and the data is published under Ordnance Survey's 'presumption to publish'. © Crown copyright and database rights 2023. The Decentralised Energy Master planning programme (DEMaP) ---------------------------------------------------------- The Decentralised Energy Master planning programme (DEMaP), was completed in October 2010. It included a heat mapping support package for the London boroughs to enable them to carry out high resolution heat mapping for their area. To date, heat maps have been produced for 29 London boroughs with the remaining four boroughs carrying out their own data collection. All of the data collected through this process is provided below. ### Carbon Calculator Tool Arup have produced a Carbon Calculator Tool to assist projects in their early estimation of the carbon dioxide (CO2) savings which could be realised by a district heating scheme with different sources of heating. The calculator's estimates include the impact of a decarbonising the electrical grid over time, based on projections by the Department for Energy and Climate Change, as well as the Government's Standard Assessment Procedure (SAP). The Excel-based tool can be downloaded below. ### Borough Heat Maps Data and Reports (2012) In March 2012, all London boroughs did a heat mapping exercise. The data from this includes the following and can be downloaded below: * Heat Load for all boroughs * Heat Supplies for all boroughs * Heat Network * LDD 2010 database * Complete GIS London Heat Map Data The heat maps contain real heat consumption data for priority buildings such as hospitals, leisure centres and local authority buildings. As part of this work, each of the boroughs developed implementation plans to help them take the DE opportunities identified to the next stages. The implementation plans include barriers and opportunities, actions to be taken by the council, key dates, personnel responsible. These can be downloaded below. Other Useful Documents ---------------------- Other useful documents can be downloaded from the links below: Energy Masterplanning Manual Opportunities for Decentralised Energy in London - Vision Map London Heat Network Manual London Heat Network Manual II

This includes the City Boundary, bridges, roads, railways, street index grid, watercourses and waterbodies. Streets are listed alphabetically and are numbered by area.

This report contains an introduction to PM2.5, summarises our current understanding of PM2.5 concentrations and exposure, discusses the findings of research undertaken by the GLA and TfL into the extent of PM2.5 pollution in London, and assesses the potential for meeting World Health Organisation guidelines by 2030. Our analysis found that at present all Londoners are exposed to concentrations higher than WHO air quality guidelines, but, if PM2.5 reduction measures within the Mayor’s Transport Strategy and London Environment Strategy are accompanied by co-operation on a national and international level, the guideline limit is achievable by 2030.

The accompanying map is the annual mean PM2.5 concentration in Greater London for 2013 by Output Area, also provided is the data behind this map, which includes the annual average PM2.5 concentration of each Output Area (OA) in Greater London. You may need to use the OA data mapping available from the London Datastore to identify specific output areas.

Coastal Area & Boundary Polygon:

The Coastal Area layer is a 1:24,000-scale, polygon feature-based layer that includes the land and waters that lie within the Coastal Area as defined by Connecticut General Statute (C.G.S.) 22a-94(a). Activities and actions conducted within the coastal area by Federal and State Agencies (i.e., U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE), DEP regulatory programs, and state plans and actions) must be consistent with all of the applicable standards and criteria contained in the Connecticut Coastal Management Act (C.G.S. 22a-90 to 22a-113). A subset of the Coastal Area, the Coastal Boundary, represents an area within which activities regulated or conducted by coastal municipalities must be consistent with the Coastal Management Act. As defined in this section of the statutes, the Coastal Area includes the land and water within the area delineated by the following: the westerly, southerly and easterly limits of the state's jurisdiction in Long Island Sound; the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, Darien, Norwalk, Westport, Fairfield, Bridgeport, Stratford, Shelton, Milford, Orange, West Haven, New Haven, Hamden, North Haven, East Haven, Branford, Guilford, Madison, Clinton, Westbrook, Deep River, Chester, Essex, Old Saybrook, Lyme, Old Lyme, East Lyme, Waterford, New London, Montville, Norwich, Preston, Ledyard, Groton and Stonington. This layer includes a single polygon feature defined by the boundaries described above. Attribute information is comprised of an Av_Legend to denote the coastal area. Data is compiled at 1:24,000 scale. This data is not updated.

The Coastal Boundary layer is a 1:24,000-scale, polygon feature-based layer of the legal mylar-based maps adopted by the Commissioner of the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) (i.e., maps were adopted on a town by town basis) showing the extent of lands and coastal waters as defined by Connecticut General Statute (C.G.S.) 22a-93(5)) within Connecticut's coastal area (defined by C.G.S. 22a-94(c)). The coastal boundary is a hybrid of the original 1:24,000 version maps prepared by DEP consistent with C.G.S. 22a-94(d) (Coastal Area) and the revised boundary mapping undertaken by twenty-two coastal towns prepared pursuant to C.G.S. 22a-94(f). This layer therefore does not replace the legal maps and may not be used for legal determinations. The Coastal Boundary layer includes a single polygon feature that represents the coastal boundary. No other features are included in this layer. Data is compiled at 1:24,000 scale. Attribute information is comprised of an Av_Legend attribute and a CoastB_Flg attribute to denote the coastal boundary. Other attributes include automatically calculated Shape_Length and Shape_Area fields. This data is not updated. Any regulated activity conducted within the coastal boundary by a municipal agency (i.e., plans of development, zoning regulations, municipal coastal programs and coastal site plan review (i.e., site plans submitted to zoning commission, subdivision or resubdivision plans submitted to planning commission, application for special permit or exception to the zoning or planning commissions or zoning board of appeals, variance submitted to zoning board of appeals and a referral of a municipal project)) must be conducted in a manner consistent with the requirements of the Connecticut Coastal Management Act (CMA; C.G.S. 22a-90 to 22a-113). As the Coastal Boundary is a hybrid of the Coastal Area, all state and federal agency activities must be consistent with the requirements of the CMA. As defined in C.G.S. 22a-94(b) the coastal boundary is a "continuous line delineated on the landward side by the interior contour elevation of the one hundred year frequency coastal flood zone, as defined and determined by the National Flood Insurance Act, as amended (USC 42 Section 4101, P.L. 93-234), or a one thousand foot linear setback measured from the mean high water mark in coastal waters, or a one thousand foot linear setback measured from the inland boundary of tidal wetlands mapped under section 22a-20, whichever is farthest inland; and shall be delineated on the seaward side by the seaward extent of the jurisdiction of the state." The original boundary maps were created in 1979 on stable mylar overlay using the 1:24,000-scale US Geological Survey topographic quadrangle maps (mylar film format). The source for tidal wetland maps were the legal 1:24,000 maps (mylar format) adopted by the Commissioner of DEP and transformed to 1:24,000 mylar-scale maps by the Office of Policy and Management (OPM) using an accurate pantograph. OPM similarly converted FEMA's flood insurance maps (various scales) to a 1:24,000 mylar overlay. The inland extent of coastal waters was plotted on 1:24,000 USGS topographic maps following the procedures and sources described in The Boundary Between Saltwater and Freshwater in Connecticut, December 1978 prepared by the State of Connecticut, Department of Environmental Protection, Coastal Area Management Program. The following twenty-two towns have adopted municipal coastal boundaries: Chester, Clinton, Darien, Deep River, East Haven, Essex, Fairfield, Greenwich, Groton, Guilford, Hamden, Ledyard, Madison, Milford, New Haven, New London, North Haven, Norwalk, Old Lyme, Old Saybrook, Stamford and Waterford. The coastal boundary maps for these towns may be at different scales than the original DEP draft maps and may contain minor adjustments to the boundary as permitted in C.G.S. 22a-94(f).

A PDF map showing the middle layer super output areas in the London Region of England as at December 2011. (File Size - 36 MB)

The Green Infrastructure Focus Map is a new tool and evidence base to help London’s decision-makers identify where green infrastructure improvements and investments might be best targeted, and what kind of interventions might be most useful for the needs of a specific area. The Green Infrastructure Focus Map can help: * identify where there is more need or less need for green infrastructure interventions * describe which specific environmental or social issues have the greatest need for intervention in a particular location * highlight other issues that green infrastructure can’t necessarily help with, but that are useful context for decision making (e.g. income deprivation) Please contact environment@london.gov.uk with any queries or feedback. Data and analysis from GLA GIS Team form a basis for the policy and investment decisions facing the Mayor of London and the GLA group. GLA Intelligence uses a wide range of information and data sourced from third party suppliers within its analysis and reports. GLA Intelligence cannot be held responsible for the accuracy or timeliness of this information and data. The GLA will not be liable for any losses suffered or liabilities incurred by a party as a result of that party relying in any way on the information contained in this report.

IntroductionShapefile showing operational boundaries of the UK Power Networks London Power Networks (LPN) area

Methodological Approach This dataset was extracted from UK Power Networks' internal geospatial mapping database - NetMap.

Quality Control Statement The data is provided "as is".

Assurance Statement The Open Data team has checked the data against source to ensure data accuracy and consistency. The data domain owners have checked their respective data aspects.

Other

Download dataset information: Metadata (JSON) Definitions of key terms related to this dataset can be found in the Open Data Portal Glossary: https://ukpowernetworks.opendatasoft.com/pages/glossary/

This dataset contains a sample of 10,000 (3.5%) out of a total of 285,846 text sequences extracted from the 1891–1896 Map of London by the Ordnance Survey (OS).

The methodology used for the automated recognition, linking, and sequencing of the text is detailed in the article Recognizing and Sequencing Multi-word Texts in Maps Using an Attentive Pointer by M. Zou et al., 2025.

Description of the content

The map is drawn at a scale of five-feet to the mile (c.a. 1:1,056). The text on the map is an invaluable source of information about the Greater London in the late Victorian period. It includes the names of streets, squares, parks, watercourses and even some estates ('Poplars', 'The Grange', 'Arbutus Lodge'). In addition, the map contains many details of the function of buildings and economic activity, such as factories ('Sweet Factory', 'Crown Linoleum Works', 'Imperial Flour Mills', 'Lion Brewery'), warehouses or commercial infrastructure ('Warehouse', 'Jamaica Wharf', 'Rag Store'), offices ('Offices'), etc. The map also mentions public buildings such as schools ('School Boys, Girls & Infants', 'Sunday School'), hospitals or clinics ('St. Saviour's Union Infirmary', 'Beulah Spa Hydropathic Establishment', 'South Western Fever Hospital'), railway stations ('Clapham Station'), post offices, banks, police stations, etc. Other social venues are also mentioned, such as public houses, i.e. pubs ('P.H.'), clubs, casinos, and recreational areas (e.g. 'Cricket Ground'). Special attention is given to churches, with a regular count of the number of seats (e.g. 'Baptist Chapel Seats for 600').

In addition, the map provides details that can be of great interest in the study of everyday life in London at the end of the 19th century. For example, there are numerous mentions of 'Stables', 'Drinking Fountain's or 'Urinal'[s]. Fire protection infrastructure is highlighted, e.g. fire plugs ('F.P.') and fire alarms ('F.A.'). The map also includes information on elevation (e.g. '11·6') and flood levels (e.g. 'High Water Mark of Ordinary Tides').

A list of abbreviations used in the Ordnance Survey maps, created by Richard Oliver [1], is made available by the National Library of Scotland (link).

Organization of the data

The data in 10k_text_london_OS_1890s.geojson is organized as a regular geojson file.

Example structure

{ "type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [ { "type": "Feature", "geometry": { "type": "MultiPolygon", "coordinates": [[[ [x1, y1], [x2, y2], ...]]] }, "properties": { "label": "Oxford Circus", } },

... # Further text sequences            

] }

Image documents

The original map document consists of 729 separate sheets, digitized, georeferenced, and served as geographic tiles by the National Library of Scotland [2].

Descriptive statistics

Total Number of text sequences: 285,846Sample size: 10,000Total Area covered: 450 square km

Use and Citation

For any mention of this dataset, please cite :

@misc{text_london_OS_1890s, author = {Zou, Mengjie and Petitpierre, R{\'{e}}mi and di Lenardo, Isabella}, title = {{London 1890s Ordnance Survey Text Layer}}, year = {2025}, publisher = {Zenodo}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14982946}}@article{recognizing_sequencing_2025, author = {Zou, Mengjie and Dai, Tianhao and Petitpierre, R{\'{e}}mi and Vaienti, Beatrice and di Lenardo, Isabella}, title = {{Recognizing and Sequencing Multi-word Texts in Maps Using an Attentive Pointer}}, year = {2025}}

Corresponding author

Rémi PETITPIERRE - remi.petitpierre@epfl.ch - ORCID - Github - Scholar - ResearchGate

License

This project is licensed under the CC BY 4.0 License.

Liability

We do not assume any liability for the use of this dataset.

References

Oliver R. (2013). Ordnance Survey maps: A concise guide for historians. The Charles Close Society. London, UK. 3rd Ed. 320 pages

Ordnance Survey, London, five feet to the mile, 1893-1896 (1896), https://maps.nls.uk/os/townplans-england/london-1056-1890s.html, digitized by the National Library of Scotland (NLS)

Fayl Faylın tarixçəsi Faylın istifadəsi Faylın qlobal istifadəsiBu SVG faylın PNG formatındakı bu görünüşünün ölçüsü 750

New York Map: This map features a topographical map of the City and County of New York, and the adjacent Country from 1836. The map is overlayed on a contemporary topographic map of New York City and the surrounding area for comparison purposes.More information on this map …London 1746: Rocque's 1746 London Map. More on this map

The Flood Zones show the probability of river and sea flooding, ignoring the presence of defences.There are four zones, 1, 2, 3a and 3b, that reflect the annual probability of flooding happening.This map shows all areas with more than a 1 in 1,000 annual probability of either river or sea flooding by combining zones 2, 3a and 3b.

This report contains an introduction to PM2.5, summarises our current understanding of PM2.5 concentrations and exposure, discusses the findings of research undertaken by the GLA and TfL into the extent of PM2.5 pollution in London, and assesses the potential for meeting World Health Organisation guidelines by 2030. Our analysis found that at present all Londoners are exposed to concentrations higher than WHO air quality guidelines, but, if PM2.5 reduction measures within the Mayor’s Transport Strategy and London Environment Strategy are accompanied by co-operation on a national and international level, the guideline limit is achievable by 2030. The accompanying map is the annual mean PM2.5 concentration in Greater London for 2013 by Output Area, also provided is the data behind this map, which includes the annual average PM2.5 concentration of each Output Area (OA) in Greater London. You may need to use the OA data mapping available from the London Datastore to identify specific output areas.

The London Schools Atlas is an innovative interactive online map of London providing a uniquely detailed and comprehensive picture of London schools, current patterns of attendance and potential future demand for school places across the capital. The Atlas is part of the Mayor's programme of initiatives aimed at driving up standards in education and ensuring there are enough good places for all children in the city. Covering primary and secondary provision, including academies and free schools, the London Schools Atlas for the first time uses data to illustrate current patterns of demand for school places at a pan-London level, rather than within boroughs alone. You can use the atlas at the link below: London Schools Atlas - homepage Download the Data: The files below contain the home location to school matrices used to create the catchment elements of the maps. Please ensure you read the notes page in each file before using the data. School location/attribute information has been sourced from the Edubase database. In addition to the datasets below, the following data sources that are used in the Atlas are also available in the London Datastore: * Pan-London School Place Demand data * DCLG Indices of Deprivation 2015 * London Output Area Classification LOAC 2014 London Schools Atlas datasets can be downloaded from here (format: .zip, size: 5.41MB) 2015 London Schools Atlas datasets can be downloaded from here (format: .zip, size: 7.8 MB)

All car parks owned and managed by the London Borough of Croydon.

This data is experimental, see the ‘Access Constraints or User Limitations’ section for more details. This dataset has been generalised to 10 metre resolution where it is still but the space needed for downloads will be improved.A set of UK wide estimated travel area geometries (isochrones), from Output Area (across England, Scotland, and Wales) and Small Area (across Northern Ireland) population-weighted centroids. The modes used in the isochrone calculations are limited to public transport and walking. Generated using Open Trip Planner routing software in combination with Open Street Maps and open public transport schedule data (UK and Ireland).The geometries provide an estimate of reachable areas by public transport and on foot between 7:15am and 9:15am for a range of maximum travel durations (15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes). For England, Scotland and Wales, these estimates were generated using public transport schedule data for Tuesday 15th November 2022. For Northern Ireland, the date used is Tuesday 6th December 2022.The data is made available as a set of ESRI shape files, in .zip format. This corresponds to a total of 18 files; one for Northern Ireland, one for Wales, twelve for England (one per English region, where London, South East and North West have been split into two files each) and four for Scotland (one per NUTS2 region, where the ‘North-East’ and ‘Highlands and Islands’ have been combined into one shape file, and South West Scotland has been split into two files).The shape files contain the following attributes. For further details, see the ‘Access Constraints or User Limitations’ section:AttributeDescriptionOA21CD or SA2011 or OA11CDEngland and Wales: The 2021 Output Area code.Northern Ireland: The 2011 Small Area code.Scotland: The 2011 Output Area code.centre_latThe population-weighted centroid latitude.centre_lonThe population-weighted centroid longitude.node_latThe latitude of the nearest Open Street Map “highway” node to the population-weighted centroid.node_lonThe longitude of the nearest Open Street Map “highway” node to the population-weighted centroid.node_distThe distance, in meters, between the population-weighted centroid and the nearest Open Street Map “highway” node.stop_latThe latitude of the nearest public transport stop to the population-weighted centroid.stop_lonThe longitude of the nearest public transport stop to the population-weighted centroid.stop_distThe distance, in metres, between the population-weighted centroid and the nearest public transport stop.centre_inBinary value (0 or 1), where 1 signifies the population-weighted centroid lies within the Output Area/Small Area boundary. 0 indicates the population-weighted centroid lies outside the boundary.node_inBinary value (0 or 1), where 1 signifies the nearest Open Street Map “highway” node lies within the Output Area/Small Area boundary. 0 indicates the nearest Open Street Map node lies outside the boundary.stop_inBinary value (0 or 1), where 1 signifies the nearest public transport stop lies within the Output Area/Small Area boundary. 0 indicates the nearest transport stop lies outside the boundary.iso_cutoffThe maximum travel time, in seconds, to construct the reachable area/isochrone. Values are either 900, 1800, 2700, or 3600 which correspond to 15, 30, 45, and 60 minute limits respectively.iso_dateThe date for which the isochrones were estimated, in YYYY-MM-DD format.iso_typeThe start point from which the estimated isochrone was calculated. Valid values are:from_centroid: calculated using population weighted centroid.from_node: calculated using the nearest Open Street Map “highway” node.from_stop: calculated using the nearest public transport stop.no_trip_found: no isochrone was calculated.geometryThe isochrone geometry.iso_hectarThe area of the isochrone, in hectares.Access constraints or user limitations.These data are experimental and will potentially have a wider degree of uncertainty. They remain subject to testing of quality, volatility, and ability to meet user needs. The methodologies used to generate them are still subject to modification and further evaluation.These experimental data have been published with specific caveats outlined in this section. The data are shared with the analytical community with the purpose of benefitting from the community's scrutiny and in improving the quality and demand of potential future releases. There may be potential modification following user feedback on both its quality and suitability.For England and Wales, where possible, the latest census 2021 Output Area population weighted centroids were used as the starting point from which isochrones were calculated.For Northern Ireland, 2011 Small Area population weighted centroids were used as the starting point from which isochrones were calculated. Small Areas and Output Areas contain a similar number of households within their boundaries. 2011 data was used because this was the most up-to-date data available at the time of generating this dataset. Population weighted centroids for Northern Ireland were calculated internally but may be subject to change - in the future we aim to update these data to be consistent with Census 2021 across the UK.For Scotland, 2011 Output Area population-weighted centroids were used as the starting point from which isochrones were calculated. 2011 data was used because this was the most up-to-date data available at the time of work.The data for England, Scotland and Wales are released with the projection EPSG:27700 (British National Grid).The data for Northern Ireland are released with the projection EPSG:29902 (Irish Grid).The modes used in the isochrone calculations are limited to public transport and walking. Other modes were not considered when generating this data.A maximum value of 1.5 kilometres walking distance was used when generating isochrones. This approximately represents typical walking distances during a commute (based on Department for Transport/Labour Force Survey data and Travel Survey for Northern Ireland technical reports).When generating Northern Ireland data, public transport schedule data for both Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland were used.Isochrone geometries and calculated areas are subject to public transport schedule data accuracy, Open Trip Planner routing methods and Open Street Map accuracy. The location of the population-weighted centroid can also influence the validity of the isochrones, when this falls on land which is not possible or is difficult to traverse (e.g., private land and very remote locations).The Northern Ireland public transport data were collated from several files, and as such required additional pre-processing. Location data are missing for two bus stops. Some services run by local public transport providers may also be missing. However, the missing data should have limited impact on the isochrone output. Due to the availability of Northern Ireland public transport data, the isochrones for Northern Ireland were calculated on a comparable but slight later date of 6th December 2022. Any potential future releases are likely to contained aligned dates between all four regions of the UK.In cases where isochrones are not calculable from the population-weighted centroid, or when the calculated isochrones are unrealistically small, the nearest Open Street Map ‘highway’ node is used as an alternative starting point. If this then fails to yield a result, the nearest public transport stop is used as the isochrone origin. If this also fails to yield a result, the geometry will be ‘None’ and the ‘iso_hectar’ will be set to zero. The following information shows a further breakdown of the isochrone types for the UK as a whole:from_centroid: 99.8844%from_node: 0.0332%from_stop: 0.0734%no_trip_found: 0.0090%The term ‘unrealistically small’ in the point above refers to outlier isochrones with a significantly smaller area when compared with both their neighbouring Output/Small Areas and the entire regional distribution. These reflect a very small fraction of circumstances whereby the isochrone extent was impacted by the centroid location and/or how Open Trip Planner handled them (e.g. remote location, private roads and/or no means of traversing the land). Analysis showed these outliers were consistently below 100 hectares for 60-minute isochrones. Therefore, In these cases, the isochrone point of origin was adjusted to the nearest node or stop, as outlined above.During the quality assurance checks, the extent of the isochrones was observed to be in good agreement with other routing software and within the limitations stated within this section. Additionally, the use of nearest node, nearest stop, and correction of ‘unrealistically small areas’ was implemented in a small fraction of cases only. This culminates in no data being available for 8 out of 239,768 Output/Small Areas.Data is only available in ESRI shape file format (.zip) at this release.https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright

The map presented in this paper shows the effect of congestion on daily accessibility in the London metropolitan area on Wednesdays. Because of its dynamic nature, it is challenging to both calculate the effects of this phenomenon and to represent it clearly on simple maps. Although we can use many traditional techniques for this purpose, they are usually static, and they may lose some essential information on the effects studied. In this paper, we used two cartographic techniques rarely used in accessibility studies – cartograms and 3D maps, which we believe can achieve a more striking representation in static and animations of both the traffic-induced spatial distortion and the accessibility levels obtained. The results are presented in two animated maps and some snapshots of them – static maps. Both types of maps reinforce each other: Together, they can properly show the direct space–time link between congestion and accessibility, and can, therefore, give a more detailed overview of the consequences of this phenomenon.

The LAEI 2008 has since been superseded. Click here for the full list of releases.

Concentration Modelling has been produced by the Environmental Research Group, Kings College London, using the LAEI 2008. Pollutant maps for the Greater London area have been produced for the years 2008, 2011 and 2015.

Emissions data contained within the LAEI 2008 can also be downloaded from the Datastore

Technical Information

This dataset consists of a series of very detailed GIS layers showing modelled concentration values for five different pollutants. Each zip file contains a 20 metre grid shapefile, mxd and layer files for use in ESRI ArcGIS software.

Data will be made available in other formats and structures (such as generalised contours which are faster to draw) in due course.

Pollutant Illustrative Map (jpg) 20m grid (shapefile) 20m grid (tab file)

NO2 Annual Mean

2008, 2011, 2015 and Download file (147mb zipped)

NOx Annual Mean

2008, 2011, 2015, and Download file (150mb zipped)

PM10 Annual Mean

2008, 2011, 2015, and Download file (142mb zipped)

PM10 Exceedence

2008, 2011, 2015, and Download file (148mb zipped)

PM25 Exceedence

2008, 2011, 2015, and Download file (140mb zipped)

Le dossier Zip contient une série de fichiers clés de frontières SIG pour ESRI et Map Info couvrant le Grand Londres.

Le dossier comprend:

- Zone de production (ZD) 2011, - Super zone de production inférieure (LSOA) 2004 et 2011,

- Moyen Super Output Area (MSOA) 2004 et 2011, - London Wards (deux dossiers: City of London a fusionné en une seule zone et s'est scindée en quartiers séparés). Il existe un fichier de téléchargement séparé pour les limites de 2014 et 2018. - Boroughs de Londres

Note : Les limites OA à MSOA ont été généralisées pour réduire la taille du fichier/le temps de chargement.

Sur les cartes créées à l'aide de ces limites, le droit d'auteur doit être indiqué. Il s'agit de: "Contient des données statistiques nationales © Droit d'auteur de la Couronne et droit à la base de données [2015]" et "Contient des données de l'enquête sur les munitions © Droit d'auteur de la Couronne et droit à la base de données [2015]"

Pour plus d'informations sur le partage des données limites, lisez ces Conditions générales de fourniture.

The London Borough Profiles help paint a general picture of an area by presenting a range of headline indicator data in both spreadsheet and map form to help show statistics covering demographic, economic, social and environmental datasets for each borough, alongside relevant comparator areas. The London Borough Atlas does the same but provides further detailed breakdowns and time-series data for each borough. The full datasets and more information for each of the indicators are usually available on the London Datastore. A link to each of the datasets is contained in the spreadsheet and map. London Borough Profiles On opening the Microsoft Excel version, a simple drop down box allows you to choose which borough profile you are interested in. Selecting this will display data for that borough, plus either Inner or Outer London, London and a national comparator (usually England where data is available). To see the full set of data for all 33 local authorities in London plus the comparator areas in Excel, click the 'Data' worksheet. A chart and a map are also available to help visualise the data for all boroughs (macros must be enabled for the Excel map to function). The data is set out across 11 themes covering most of the key indicators relating to demographic, economic, social and environmental data. Sources are provided in the spreadsheet. Notes about the indicator are provided in comment boxes attached to the indicator names. For a geographical and bar chart representation of the profile data, choose the InstantAtlas version. Choose indicators from the left hand side. Click on the comparators to make them appear on the chart and map. Sources, links to data, and notes are all contained in the box in the bottom right hand corner. These profiles include data relating to: Population, Households (census), Demographics, Migrant population, Ethnicity, Language, Employment, NEET, DWP Benefits (client group), Housing Benefit, Qualifications, Earnings, Volunteering, Jobs density, Business Survival, Crime, Fires, House prices, New homes, Tenure, Greenspace, Recycling, Carbon Emissions, Cars, Public Transport Accessibility (PTAL), Indices of Multiple Deprivation, GCSE results, Children looked after, Children in out-of-work families, Life Expectancy, Teenage conceptions, Happiness levels, Political control, and Election turnout. London Borough Atlas To access even more data at local authority level, use the London Borough Atlas. It contains data about the same topics as the profiles but provides further detailed breakdowns and time-series data for each borough. There is also an InstantAtlas version available. The London boroughs are: City of London, Barking and Dagenham, Barnet, Bexley, Brent, Bromley, Camden, Croydon, Ealing, Enfield, Greenwich, Hackney, Hammersmith and Fulham, Haringey, Harrow, Havering, Hillingdon, Hounslow, Islington, Kensington and Chelsea, Kingston upon Thames, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Newham, Redbridge, Richmond upon Thames, Southwark, Sutton, Tower Hamlets, Waltham Forest, Wandsworth, Westminster. You may also find our small area profiles useful - Ward, LSOA, and MSOA.